First aid for burns, frostbite

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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First aid for burns, frostbite

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

First Aid flame burns begins with extinguishing the fire with water or by cutting off air access to burning clothing; for this, the victim is covered with a blanket, coat or thick cloth. Often, burning clothes cause a person to panic, he loses orientation, begins to rush about or runs, thereby intensifying the flame. In this case, those around him should knock him down, extinguish the flame and free the person from smoldering clothes. In case of burns with boiling liquids or aggressive chemicals, the victim is quickly removed from the part of the clothing on which they fell.

With limited thermal burn you should immediately start cooling the burn site with tap water for 10-15 minutes. Then a clean, better sterile bandage is applied to the burn area, painkillers are applied, after which it is necessary to consult a doctor. With extensive burns after bandaging, after giving the victim hot tea, giving painkillers and wrapping him warmly, he is urgently taken to the hospital. If the transportation is delayed or lasts a long time, the burned person is allowed to drink an alkaline-salt mixture, and in the first 6 hours after the burn, the person should receive at least 2 glasses of this solution per hour.

Skin contact aggressive chemicals they are quickly washed off with plenty of water, a sterile bandage is applied and the victim is sent to the hospital. The still existing harmful recommendation to use urine for burns should be categorically abandoned, since it may contain microbes that can cause suppuration of the burn surface.

Heaviness frostbite depends on the duration of the cold. Therefore, the victim should be warmed as soon as possible by placing in a warm room, after which, in case of frostbite II-IV degree, send to a medical institution, having previously wrapped it warmly. A late visit to the doctor, especially with severe frostbite, threatens with very dangerous complications.

Before being sent to a medical institution or until a doctor arrives, the frostbitten limb should be immersed in warm water (37-40 °) and rubbed very carefully until the skin reddens and restores its sensitivity, then apply an aseptic or clean bandage. The water should not be very hot, because due to the loss of sensitivity, the victim may burn the affected area.

In no case should you rub the frostbitten part of the body with snow or immerse it in cold water. This is a deep delusion, leads to further intense cooling and exacerbates the severity of the consequences.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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