First aid for drowning

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRST AID
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First aid for drowning

Fundamentals of First Aid (OPMP)

Relief Success drowning largely depends on the correct assessment of the circumstances and the type of drowning, which helps targeted first aid, sometimes effective even when the victim is clinically dead.

To revive the victim, the temperature of the water at which drowning occurred is essential.

In cold water, the body temperature of a drowned person quickly decreases, which slows down the metabolic processes in the body and makes it more resistant to lack of oxygen, which creates more favorable conditions for revival. The nature of assistance to the victim, extracted from the water, depends on the severity of his condition. If he is conscious, you need to calm him down, take off his wet clothes, wipe his skin dry, change clothes; if consciousness is absent, but the pulse and breathing are preserved, ammonia should be inhaled, the chest should be freed from restrictive clothing; to activate breathing, you can use the rhythmic twitching of the tongue.

In the absence of cardiac activity and respiration, the simplest methods of reviving the body are used. First of all, fluid is removed from the respiratory tract, for this they put the victim on his bent knee with his stomach, the head of the victim hangs down and water flows out of the upper respiratory tract and stomach. After removing the water, they immediately begin artificial respiration, having previously cleaned the victim's oral cavity from sand, silt, and vomit.

Among the many methods of artificial respiration are the most effective! mouth-to-mouth and mouth-to-nose methods. With artificial respiration, the victim is in a supine position with his head thrown back, which contributes to the most complete opening of the entrance to the larynx. Breathing "mouth to mouth" and "mouth to nose" is best done through gauze or other thin fabric. While blowing air into the mouth, the victim's nose is clamped; when blowing into the nose, the victim's mouth should be closed and the lower jaw pushed forward. Simultaneously with artificial respiration, an external heart massage is performed, producing five chest compressions after each breath (blowing). Attempts to revive a drowning person by rocking on a sheet, blanket, etc. (pumping out) are pointless and extremely harmful.

In any condition of the victim, it is necessary to warm his body by rubbing, massaging the arms and legs.

These activities are carried out immediately after removing the drowning person from the water (on the shore, in a boat, on a raft) until the arrival of a doctor or delivery of the victim to the hospital, where he will be assisted with the use of artificial respiration, if necessary, heart massage, drugs.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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