Occupational safety instruction for electroplating

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection for electroplating. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General safety requirements

1.1. The following are allowed to perform galvanizing work:

male and female persons over 18 years of age;
who have passed a medical examination and are allowed to work for health reasons;
trained in the profession;
who have passed introductory briefing and primary briefing at the workplace, who have learned safe methods and techniques for performing work;
passed the test of knowledge in the volume of the I group in electrical safety.

1.2. To work with cyanide salts, their solutions and other highly toxic substances (SDYAV) are allowed persons who have undergone special training and have a certificate for the right to conduct these works.

1.3. To work on lifting machines, galvanists who have been trained, instructed and tested their skills in operating these machines and hitching loads in the prescribed manner and having an appropriate certificate are allowed.

1.4. The galvanizer must:

1.4.1. observe the rules of internal labor regulations;

1.4.2. Do not smoke or drink alcohol in the workplace.

1.5. Work must be carried out in special clothing (using personal protective equipment) in accordance with established standards.

1.6. Electroplating can be affected by dangerous and harmful production factors.

1.6.1. increased voltage in the electrical circuit;

1.6.2. increased gas content in the air of the working area;

1.6.3. moving mechanisms;

1.6.4. elevated temperature of equipment surfaces (heated electrolytic baths, etc.).

1.7. The galvanizer must:

1.7.1. be able to provide first aid to the victim in case of accidents. Know where the first-aid kit with a set of medicines is located, and, if necessary, ensure the delivery (escort) of the victim to a medical institution; if acids, alkalis or solutions come into contact with the skin, immediately rinse the skin with a stream of clean water for 10-15 minutes, after which apply a lotion to the burnt area: for acid burns - from a 2-3% solution of soda or potassium permanganate, for burns with alkalis - 2 - 3% boric acid solution.

If acids or alkalis get into the eyes, immediately rinse them with a stream of clean water for at least 30 minutes. After washing the burn area or eyes, immediately contact the first-aid post.

Do not start working with cyanide salts and their solutions if you feel unwell (runny nose, etc.), as well as with cuts, burns and other damage to the skin. Remember that even a slight open cut when working with toxic substances can lead to poisoning of the body;

1.7.2. do not eat at the workplace.

1.8. Galvanic bears personal responsibility for violation of the requirements of the instruction in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Put on proper work clothes, safety shoes. Prepare personal protective equipment, check their serviceability. For work with SDYAV (with cyanide salts, their solutions, etc.), as well as with toxic and highly caustic substances (chromic anhydride, nitric and hydrofluoric acids, etc.), prepare a gas mask or a filtering respirator in accordance with industry recommendations for choosing types and brands of respirators and gas masks, depending on the working conditions and the nature of the work performed.

Before working on nickel-plating, chromium-plating baths, lubricate hands and other unprotected skin areas with a protective ointment or paste as directed by a doctor.

Lubricate the nasal cavity with petroleum jelly or other ointment before working on chromium plating baths as directed by the doctor.

2.2. Make sure the general ventilation is working.

2.3. Carefully inspect the work area, put it in order:

2.3.1. verify the efficiency of local suction baths and other workplaces;

2.3.2. check the presence and serviceability of the grounding of the bath: the integrity of the ground wire and the strength of its fastening to the body of the bath and the ground loop;

2.3.3. remove all unnecessary and interfering objects;

2.3.4. prepare and check the serviceability of the devices and tools required for work (suspensions, hooks, baskets, etc.);

2.3.5. place fixtures, tools, parts for processing (or containers with them) in an order convenient for work. At the same time, do not clutter up the passages to the ballast and control and measuring equipment, driveways, passages to the bath;

2.3.6. make sure the foot grates are in good condition, the floor is clean. If the floor, gratings are slippery (solution is spilled, etc.), proceed to work after cleaning and neutralizing them;

2.3.7. check the serviceability of the covers or doors of the bath casings;

2.3.8. make sure the conductive rods on the bath are clean;

2.3.9. make sure that containers with chemicals have clear inscriptions or labels with the name of the substance contained in it, its concentration. Containers for poisonous and caustic substances must have appropriate safety signs, and for SDYAV - an additional inscription: "Caution. Poison!".

2.4. Check if the workplace is well lit and if the light does not blind the eyes. The voltage for local lighting should not exceed 42 V.

If you need to use a portable electric lamp, check if it has a protective net, if the cord and insulating rubber tube are in good condition. Lamp voltage should be no more than 12 V.

2.5. Check for water in the faucet, fountain, etc. If there is no water, pour it into a clean container with a tight lid (bucket, watering can, etc.).

2.6. Check the presence of neutralizing compounds at the workplace in case of contact with the skin, as well as spills.

3. Safety requirements when performing work

3.1. Prepare the working solution in strict accordance with the requirements of the technological process (map) in the presence of a technologist or foreman.

Each bath must have a stencil (technological map) posted indicating the concentration of the components that make up the solution of this bath, its temperature and current density.

3.2. Dissolve the alkali in small portions in cold water with continuous stirring.

3.3. If concentrated solutions of alkalis (caustic soda, caustic potash, etc.) are spilled, fill them with sand or sawdust, and after removing the sand and sawdust, wash the spill site with a weak solution of acetic acid, and then wipe it dry.

3.4. When preparing acid solutions, pour the acid into the water in a slow, smooth stream. Stir the solution constantly. It is not allowed to pour water into the acid, as this causes strong heating and liquid ejection.

When preparing a mixture of acids (eg aluminum hard anodizing baths), add sulfuric acid last.

3.5. Transfusion of acids, alkalis and other caustic liquids, filling baths with working solutions should be carried out mechanized (by a pump, etc.). Do not splash liquid.

Work in goggles, rubber gloves, apron, boots.

3.6. When transfusing acid, alkali directly from the bottle into the bath, put a special nozzle on the neck of the bottle to prevent splashing of the liquid. The bottles must be placed in a special device that prevents the bottle from tipping over onto the worker and splitting it, as well as ensuring slow and smooth pouring of the liquid.

When emptying the bottle, do not leave liquid in it. Carry empty bottles neck up in a special device or packaging container to avoid burns from liquid residues.

3.7. In the event of an acid spill, cover the spill with lime or soda, fill it with water, and then wipe it dry.

3.8. Prepare solutions with SDYAV (cyanide, etc.) in separate rooms at special workplaces with effective local exhaust ventilation. Work in gloves, a gas mask or a mask with a filter, an apron.

Perform work on the manufacture of cyanide solutions and other SDYAV in the presence of a special commission.

3.9. If cyanide spills occur, neutralize them with 10% ferrous sulfate and 10% freshly slaked lime or soda ash.

3.10. To prevent the formation of hydrogen cyanide (hydrocyanic acid), do not allow aqueous cyanide solutions to come into contact with acids. Thoroughly wash parts to be coated in cyanide baths to remove acid. Do not store acids near work areas where cyanide compounds are stored or used.

3.11. Inspection and fixing of workpieces and fixtures should be carried out away from the bath.

3.12. Before immersing parts in the bath, make sure that they are securely fastened to hooks, hangers, that they are well stacked in baskets, etc.

3.13. Load and unload parts into vats de-stressed.

If these operations must be performed without removing the voltage from the baths (as indicated in the technological documentation), then make sure that when loading and unloading parts, opposite poles (anode and cathode) do not close.

In order to avoid electric shock, it is not allowed to correct the position of the anode or cathode.

3.14. Immerse the parts in the bath smoothly, avoiding splashing of the solution.

3.15. Make sure that the compositions of chemical bath solutions, their temperature, current density comply with the requirements of technological documentation.

3.16. When working on baths with solutions of SDYAV, toxic substances (cyanide, chromium and others), monitor the constant efficient operation of onboard suctions.

Keep lids (or guards) on bathtubs closed at all times. Open them only when loading or unloading parts.

3.17. Cleaning rod contacts, anode hooks, etc. work with a wet method wearing goggles, rubber gloves and an apron.

3.18. When working on baths with cyanide solutions:

3.18.1. if you smell bitter almonds (a sign of hydrocyanic acid release), stop work, leave the room yourself, ask other workers to leave, inform the foreman (administration);

3.18.2. clean the anode and cathode rods and other elements of the bath after thoroughly washing them in a neutralizing composition.

3.19. When working on chrome plating baths:

3.19.1. monitor the electrolyte level in the bath: it should be 150 - 200 mm below the edges of the bath;

3.19.2. to avoid fire, do not allow contact of chromic anhydride with acetic acid, alcohols and other flammable liquids;

3.19.3. to prevent the formation of explosive gas, a short circuit in the bath, periodically remove dirt and foaming from the surface of the bath solution;

3.19.4. make sure the floor is clean.

3.20. When working on oxidation baths:

3.20.1. monitor the electrolyte level in the bath: it must be at least 300 mm below the edge of the bath;

3.20.2. when heating the baths, stir the solution periodically to avoid local overheating, which can lead to splashing of the solution;

3.20.3. before adding alkali to the bath, cool the solution to a temperature not higher than +100 degrees. C;

3.20.4. when replenishing bathtubs, use special devices (pipes for hot water reaching the bottom of the bathtubs, buckets with long handles; perforated buckets, etc.); add hot water and in small portions;

3.20.5. in case of any malfunction of the electric bath or solution heating thermostat, turn off the bath, stop working, inform the master.

3.21. When working on anodizing and tin-bismuth baths:

3.21.1. stand on a dielectric mat; wear dielectric gloves;

3.21.2. load and unload parts with the current turned off;

3.21.3. when working with nitric acid, do not allow it to come into contact with combustible materials (rags, sawdust, etc.).

3.22. Unload the parts from the baths slowly, let the solution drain from the parts, equipment into the bath.

3.23. Extract parts that have fallen into the bath with the help of magnets, tongs and scoops with long handles and other special devices. Do not touch the solution with bare hands.

3.24. Keep the workplace clean and tidy, do not block up the aisles to the baths

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Immediately stop work in the event of situations that may lead to an accident or accidents:

4.1.1. turn off the equipment in use;

4.1.2. in the event of a fire or ignition, the employee must:

immediately report this to the city fire department by calling 01, indicating the address of the facility and what is on fire, and to the head of the facility;
take measures to ensure the safety and evacuation of people;
start extinguishing the fire using the primary fire extinguishing equipment available at the facility;
upon arrival of the fire service units, inform them of the necessary information about the source of the fire and the measures taken to eliminate it;
for the period of extinguishing the fire, the employee must provide security in order to prevent theft of material assets.

4.2. Provide the necessary first aid to the victim at work, freeing him from the actions of the traumatic factor (electric current, mechanisms, etc.)

4.3. If you are injured at work, immediately contact a medical institution and report the incident to your immediate supervisor, keep your workplace unchanged at the time of injury, if this does not endanger others and does not lead to an accident.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. Turn off the power to the equipment.

5.2. Tidy up the workplace, put the parts in the containers intended for them, collect fixtures and tools.

5.3. Neutralize and wash the tools, fixtures and containers used in the work, used to work with SDYAV - rinse with a neutralizing compound, then wash with water. Perform work in specially designated areas.

Remove containers from under SDYAV in separate places specially designed for it.

5.4. If chemicals are left, take them to the shop pantry.

5.5. Take off your overalls and put them in a special closet.

5.6. Wash your hands, face, rinse your mouth, take a shower.

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