Instructions on labor protection at work for a woodworking equipment repairman

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions on labor protection at work for a woodworking equipment repairman

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Workers who have undergone a medical examination and are deemed fit to perform this type of work, have been instructed and trained, have tested their knowledge of labor protection, fire safety, provide first aid, have mastered the practical skills of safe work performance and have a qualification certificate can be admitted to work as a mechanic.

1.2. The locksmith must know and comply with the internal labor regulations, fire safety instructions, smoke only in designated places, and not use open fire for lighting and heating.

1.3. The locksmith must work in overalls, safety shoes, use other personal protective equipment. Clothing must not restrict movement and must not have dangling ends that could be caught in moving parts of machinery. Hair must be tucked under a headdress.

1.4. When working in noisy conditions, to protect your hearing organs, you should use protective headphones (ear plugs, antiphons). When cutting metal, it is necessary to use safety glasses, when working with lifting machines - to wear a protective helmet.

1.5. The locksmith must use the correct tool. Locksmith hammers and sledgehammers should have a smooth, slightly convex surface of the striker. The handles of hammers and sledgehammers must be made of hard and viscous wood and have an oval shape (in cross section) with a thickening towards the free end, without cracks or breaks.

Hammers and sledgehammers must be tightly fitted on the handles and securely fastened by wedging.

Chisels, cutters, barbs, punches, punches, cores and other tools should not have hardening, cracks, burrs. The length of the chisel should be at least 150 mm, and its drawn part should have a length of 60 - 70 mm. Chisels and crosscuts should be sharpened at an angle of 65 - 75°. The cutting edge of the chisel should be straight or slightly convex. The back of the percussion instrument must be released.

Wrenches must match the dimensions of the nuts and bolt heads, and must not have cracks or gouges. Sliding keys must not have any play.

Files and tools with pointed ends for handles should be provided with handles according to the size of the tool with bandage rings that protect the handles from splitting.

Workers must have a set of serviceable tools and devices that correspond to the nature of the work performed. Each tool should be carried in a lightweight carrying case or bag.

1.6. To service hoisting machines and work with hand-held electrified tools, additionally trained, certified workers who have received a permit for these works and a corresponding certificate and have I - II qualification group in electrical safety are allowed.

1.7. Lifting operators must be able to determine the suitability of slings and other removable lifting devices.

1.8. Vices and other equipment mounted on the workbench must be firmly fixed.

1.9. Spare parts should be stored in permanent places (racks, shelves, pantries). Lubricants must be stored in special containers, in the places designated for this purpose.

1.10. Temporary welding and other hot work during the repair of equipment in industrial buildings, structures on the territory of the organization must be carried out with the written permission of the person responsible for the fire safety of the facility and with the availability of fire extinguishing equipment at the work site.

1.11. Opening drums with calcium carbide should be done with a brass chisel or a special knife. The place of the cut on the cover must first be cleaned of dirt and rust and lubricated with a thick layer of thick grease.

1.12. Copper tools for opening drums with calcium carbide are prohibited, since acetylene forms explosives when in contact with copper.

1.13. Before repair and mechanical maintenance of machine tools and other technological equipment with an electric drive, it is necessary to turn off the electric drive and hang a poster on the starting device: "Do not turn it on, people are working!".

1.14. When disassembling machinery and equipment, remove, transport and install heavy and bulky components and parts (weighing more than 16 kg) using lifting and transport equipment, devices and fixtures.

1.15. In cases not covered by this instruction, you should contact your immediate supervisor.

1.16. Employees are responsible for violation of the requirements of this instruction in accordance with applicable law.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, it is necessary to check the availability and serviceability of tools, devices, protective equipment used to perform the assigned work.

2.2. When accepting a shift, it is necessary to obtain oral information from the employee who handed over the shift about the condition of the equipment being serviced and the identified deficiencies and familiarize yourself with the entries in the shift log.

2.3. Put in order overalls, shoes. Work in torn overalls, shoes, gloves is prohibited.

2.4. Prepare the correct tools and fixtures.

2.5. Prepare workplaces for comfortable and safe work, remove all foreign objects, check the lighting, workbenches.

2.6. Check the presence and serviceability of equipment guards.

2.7. Check the serviceability of hand power tools and portable electric lamps. A portable electric lamp should not have bare and damaged wires, should be protected by a metal mesh with a hook, have a working socket and plug; voltage should not exceed 50 V.

The body of the power tool must be grounded. All current-carrying parts must be closed and inaccessible to touch. Connect the power tool to the mains through a special socket with a grounding contact.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. The employee must perform only the work that is entrusted to him by his immediate supervisor.

3.2. Before adjusting and repairing the equipment, it is necessary to make sure that the equipment has completely stopped, that tension and pressure in the hydraulic or pneumatic system have been relieved.

Post a sign on the control panel of the equipment "Do not turn it on! People are working!" and warn those working on this equipment; remove the fuses in the starting devices.

3.3. Take additional measures to prevent accidental start-up of equipment, remove drive belts, jam pedals, etc.

3.4. For safe work near moving parts of equipment and mechanisms, near electric drives and current-carrying parts, near open hatches and a hole in the floor, reliable fences must be installed.

3.5. To service mechanisms located at a height of more than 1,5 m from the floor in the absence of stationary platforms, serviceable portable ladders should be used.

3.6. The removed parts of the machine and mechanisms during disassembly must be installed (laid) in a pre-prepared place, without blocking driveways and passages, so that they cannot fall or tip over. Small parts (bolts, nuts) should be placed in the box.

3.7. Machines must be hoisted on stable trestle, tested for static load, and strong deck boards (not thinner than 50 mm). For scaffolding, you can not use random stands, boxes, barrels, workpieces.

3.8. For work in dark rooms, it is necessary to use portable or emergency lighting, while occupying the most comfortable and safe position, and work in concert.

3.9. When using lifting mechanisms (hoists, jacks, winches, etc.) to secure the moved or lifted parts, use only tested mechanisms and pulling devices (cables, ropes, ropes, chains) of the appropriate carrying capacity.

3.10. Do not stand under the lifted load and be in the way of its movement, put your hands or feet under the load being moved.

3.11. Move heavy parts should be coordinated, on command.

3.12. Random objects (boards, slats, etc.) must not be used to move heavy parts.

3.13. To align the holes of the parts to be joined, special rods or barbs should be used; it is forbidden to put hands or fingers into the holes of the connected parts.

3.14. It is forbidden to unscrew and tighten the nuts with a chisel and hammer, as well as to increase wrenches.

3.15. When working together, it is necessary to observe measures that ensure mutual security.

3.16. After completing the repair of the drive or other mechanism, close and secure the guards and safety devices, make sure that they are in good condition and reliable.

3.17. It is necessary to put chains on sprockets when the mechanism is completely stopped, after loosening their tension. Do not support or guide the chain with your hands when starting.

3.18. Removing from the pulleys and putting on the drive belts on them should be done only after the mechanism has completely stopped.

3.19. Put the belt with glued or sewn ends on the pulley so that the end of the belt, placed on the inner working surface, is located in the direction of the belt movement.

3.20. Do not use rosin or other sticky substances to lubricate belts.

3.21. The use of stops and supports for drive belts in order to prevent them from running off and falling off the pulleys due to improper stitching of the belts is prohibited.

3.22. If the drive belts or conveyor belts slip, do not pull them with your hands and feet.

3.23. When lubricating the equipment in case of accidental contamination of the surface of the equipment, railings, floors, etc., immediately clean them from the lubricant.

3.24. When working on a drilling machine, the following requirements must be observed.

To replace workpieces without stopping the machine, you need to use special devices (rotary tables, conductors) that ensure safe operation.

To avoid being caught by the rotating parts of the drilling machine, do not:

put on the gear belts with the electric motor on;
use cartridges, tools and fixtures installed in the machine spindle and having protruding parts;
adjust the chuck and drill, as well as remove chips from them and touch them with your hands during rotation.

Drilling of thin strips, strips should be carried out using appropriate stops, wooden pads or in a machine vice.

When drilling small parts, hold them with a hand vise.

To avoid breakage of the drill and injury from fragments, it is necessary:

bring the drill to the workpiece only after turning on the machine and so that it slightly touches the surface of the workpiece;
before drilling, mark the center of the hole with a core;
when drilling deep holes to remove chips, without stopping the machine, periodically withdraw the drill from the drill hole;
when drilling through holes, when the drill approaches the exit, it is necessary to turn off the mechanical feed and drill the hole with slow manual feed.

It is necessary to remove chips from drilled holes with a dryuch, brush or magnet after stopping the machine and retracting the tool.

Not allowed:

hold the workpiece with your hands;
fix the drill or part while the machine is running;
brake the machine by hand pressure on the spindle or chuck;
work with mittens or gloves;
check with your finger the exit of the drill from the bottom of the part;
blow chips off the machine table.

3.25. The following safety precautions must be observed when working on the grinder.

Installation of abrasive wheels must be carried out by a specially instructed worker.

Before installation, the circle is carefully inspected for the absence of cracks. It is forbidden to use a circle that has cracks or potholes. It is also forbidden to use circles without a test mark.

When mounting a wheel on a spindle, it is allowed to fasten only with the help of two clamping flanges of the same diameter, which must be at least 1/3 of the wheel diameter. The protruding part of the circle under the flanges must be at least 10 - 12 mm.

Between the flanges and the circle on both sides it is necessary to install gaskets made of elastic material (dense cardboard, rubber, etc.) with a thickness of 0,1 - 1 mm, depending on the diameter of the circle.

Tighten the spindle nuts with a wrench. The use of a chisel and hammer to tighten the nuts is prohibited.

The rotating abrasive wheel, protruding ends of the spindle and fasteners are protected by a protective cover.

When sharpening the tool, it is forbidden to stand against the rotating circle. It is allowed to stand on the side of the rotating circle (stone).

Bring the part to the circle should be smooth, avoiding impacts on the circle.

If wheel runout is detected, the machine must be stopped and the problem repaired.

Work with the side (end) surfaces of the circles is allowed only if these circles are specially designed for this type of work.

When sharpening, the tool must be held securely and steadily in your hands.

During the rotation of the circle is prohibited:

clean the circle and touch it with your hands;
use faulty and untested circles;
open the protective covers of the circle, shaft, spindle, pulley, belt; put on, take off and translate videos;
work without installation of dust extraction, without grounding, without glasses, protective screen.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of an accident, a situation that can lead to an accident or an accident, it is necessary to stop (de-energize) the equipment and mechanisms, take measures to eliminate the dangerous situation.

4.2. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or the appropriate work manager of each accident.

4.3. Each worker must be able to provide first aid. Assistance must be provided immediately at the scene of the incident. The first step is to eliminate the source of injury (turn off the engine, stop the mechanism, remove the victim from under the whip, etc.).

The provision of assistance should begin with the most significant that threatens the health or life of a person: in case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet, and then bandage the wound; if a closed fracture is suspected, apply a splint; with open fractures, you should first bandage the wound, and then apply a splint; for burns, apply a dry bandage; in case of frostbite, gently rub the affected area using soft or fluffy tissues.

If spinal injuries are suspected, the victim can only be transported in the supine position on a rigid base.

After providing first aid, the victim should be sent to the nearest medical facility.

4.4. In the event of a fire or fire, it is necessary to immediately inform the fire department, start extinguishing the fire with available means, and take measures to call the work manager to the fire site.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Upon completion of work, you should:

tools used for work, lifting mechanisms, parts, materials, etc. collect, clean and hand over or put in places intended for their storage;
thoroughly clean the workplace and equipment in auxiliary rooms.

5.2. On the shortcomings, malfunctions identified during the work and the measures taken, make an entry in the log of technical supervision; when handing over the shift, report them to the employees taking the shift or to the work supervisor (mechanic).

5.3. Wash hands and face with warm soapy water and shower if possible.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

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