Instruction on labor protection for a gas welder, gas cutter

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Labor safety instructions for gas welders and gas cutters. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Introduction

This industry standard instruction has been developed taking into account the requirements of legislative and other regulatory legal acts containing state labor protection requirements specified in the section “General Safety Requirements” of this document, as well as regulatory documents of the State Technical Supervision Authority of Russia and is intended for gas welders (gas cutters) when performing work according to their profession and qualifications (hereinafter referred to as gas welders).

2. General safety requirements

1.1. Workers at least 18 years of age who have undergone appropriate training, have professional skills in gas welding work and have a certificate for the right to perform gas welding work, and who do not have gender contraindications when performing certain works, before being allowed to work independently, must undergo:

mandatory preliminary (when applying for a job) and periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations) for recognition as fit for work in the manner established by the Ministry of Health of Russia;
training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, briefing on labor protection, internships at the workplace and testing knowledge of labor protection requirements.

1.2. Gas welders are required to comply with occupational safety requirements to ensure protection from the effects of hazardous and harmful production factors associated with the nature of the work:

increased dust content and gas contamination of the working area;
elevated surface temperature of the equipment;
increased light brightness.

1.3. To protect against thermal influences and pollution, gas welders are required to use a fire-retardant-impregnated cotton suit or a welder's suit provided by employers free of charge, leather boots with a hard toe, canvas mittens, suits with insulating lining and felt boots for the winter period.

Gas welders must wear safety helmets while on a construction site.

1.4. While on the territory of a construction (production) site, in production and utility premises, work areas and workplaces, gas welders are required to comply with the internal labor regulations adopted in this organization.

Admission of unauthorized persons, as well as employees in a state of intoxication to these places is prohibited.

1.5. In the course of their daily activities, gas welders must:

use machines and mechanisms for their intended purpose in the process of operation, in accordance with the instructions of manufacturers;
maintain order at workplaces, clean them of debris, snow, ice, prevent violations of the rules for storing materials and structures;
be careful during work and avoid violations of labor safety requirements.

1.6. The gas welder is obliged to immediately notify his immediate or superior work manager about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about every accident that occurs at work, or about a deterioration in his health, including the appearance of an acute occupational disease (poisoning).

3. Safety requirements before starting work

1.7. Before starting work, the gas welder must:

a) present to the work manager a certificate confirming knowledge of safe work methods;

b) put on a helmet, overalls, special footwear of the established sample;

c) receive a task to perform work from a foreman or work manager and undergo instruction at the workplace, taking into account the specifics of the work performed.

1.8. After receiving the task from the foreman or work manager, the gas welder is obliged to:

a) prepare the necessary personal protective equipment (asbestos or canvas oversleeves - when performing ceiling welding, safety glasses, a hose gas mask - when welding or cutting non-ferrous metals);

b) check the workplace and approaches to it for compliance with safety requirements;

c) select the tools, equipment and technological equipment necessary to perform the work, check their serviceability and compliance with safety requirements;

d) check the stability of welded or cut parts and structures;

e) make sure there are no flammable materials in the working area.

1.9. A gas welder should not start work if the following safety requirements are violated:

a) malfunction of the burner or gearbox (leakage of the union nut of the gearbox, malfunction of the burner valve);

b) malfunction of the pressure gauge on the gearbox (absence of a stamp indicating annual testing or untimely completion of regular tests; broken glass or deformed housing, immobility of the pointer when gas is supplied to the gearbox);

c) violation of the integrity of the cylinder (presence of cracks or dents), as well as the absence of a stamp with the test date on the gas cylinder;

d) malfunction of the water seal of the acetylene generator, as well as the presence of other malfunctions specified in the manufacturer’s instructions for its operation, for which the use of the generator is not allowed;

e) insufficient illumination of workplaces and approaches to them;

f) the absence of fences for workplaces located at a height of 1,3 m or more, and equipped access systems to them;

g) lack of exhaust ventilation in the case of work in enclosed spaces;

h) the presence of explosive and fire hazardous materials in the work area. Detected violations of safety requirements must be eliminated on their own before starting work, and if it is impossible to do this, the gas welder must report them to the foreman or work manager.

4. Safety requirements during work

1.10. While working, the gas welder must comply with the following safety requirements:

a) hoses must be protected from contact with live wires, steel ropes, heated objects, oily and greasy materials. Hoses must not be bent or broken;

b) before igniting the burner, you should check that the valve is closed correctly (when igniting, first open the oxygen valve, then the acetylene valve, and when extinguishing, vice versa);

c) during breaks in work, the burner must be extinguished and the valves on it closed; moving with a lit burner outside the workplace is not allowed;

d) in order to avoid strong heating, the burner, after extinguishing it, should be periodically cooled in a bucket of clean water;

e) containers containing flammable liquids or oxygen may be welded (cut) only after they have been cleaned, washed and dried. It is prohibited to weld, cut or heat vessels and pipelines under pressure with an open flame;

f) in order to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning, as well as the formation of an explosive gas-air mixture, it is prohibited to heat the metal with a torch using only acetylene without oxygen;

g) structures and products to be welded (cut) must be cleaned of paint, oil, scale and dirt in order to prevent metal splashing and air pollution from gas fumes;

h) the structures to be welded must be secured before welding begins, and when cutting, measures must be taken to prevent the collapse of the cut structural elements;

i) in the event of a backfire (hissing of the burner), you should immediately close first the acetylene and then the oxygen valves, then cool the burner in clean water;

j) lighting a fire, smoking and lighting matches within 10 m of oxygen and acetylene cylinders, gas generators and sludge pits is not allowed.

1.11. When performing gas-flame work in closed containers or structural cavities, the gas welder must fulfill the following requirements:

a) use exhaust ventilation during work, and in special cases - hose gas masks;

b) place acetylene generators and gas cylinders outside the tanks;

c) carry out work only if there are two workers outside the tank, who must secure the gas welder with a rope, the other end must be attached to his safety belt;

d) check gas contamination in wells, tunnels and other places where explosive and fire hazardous gases may accumulate before starting work;

e) do not allow simultaneous gas-flame and electric welding work.

1.12. When working with calcium carbide, the gas welder must comply with the following safety requirements:

a) store drums with carbide on racks in a dry, closed, but well-ventilated area, protected from moisture; It is prohibited to store calcium carbide in basements and near the gas welder’s workplace;

b) in the event of a fire in the room where calcium carbide is stored, the fire should be extinguished with dry sand or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers. It is prohibited to use water when extinguishing;

c) open the covers of drums with calcium carbide using a brass chisel and a wooden hammer or a special knife; to prevent sparking, the drum at the opening points must be covered with a layer of solid oil 2-3 mm thick;

d) crush large pieces of carbide with a brass hammer; when crushing, you must be under a canopy, use a respirator (gas mask) and safety glasses;

e) carry pieces of carbide in a hermetically sealed container.

1.13. When using gas cylinders, the gas welder must comply with the following safety requirements:

a) storage, transportation and delivery of gas cylinders must be carried out by trained persons;

b) the movement of gas cylinders should be carried out only in safety caps on special carts, containers or other devices that ensure the stability of the cylinders;

c) store gas cylinders in dry and ventilated areas, excluding access by unauthorized persons;

d) select oxygen from the cylinder to the minimum permissible residual pressure - 0,5 atm; selection of acetylene (depending on the outside temperature) to a residual pressure of 0,5-3 atm;

e) use oxygen cylinders painted blue, and acetylene cylinders painted white.

1.14. When operating acetylene gas generators, the gas welder must comply with the following safety requirements:

a) generators must be installed on special metal pallets strictly vertically; It is prohibited to install acetylene generators in passages, on staircases, as well as in operated premises;

b) pieces of calcium carbide loaded into the generator must be at least 2 mm. When loading the generator, you must wear rubber gloves;

c) to determine the location of gas leaks, a soap solution should be used; it is not allowed to use a generator that has a gas leak;

d) before starting the generator and every 2 hours of operation, it is necessary to check the water level in the water seal; working with a generator whose water seal is not filled with water or is faulty is not allowed;

e) carbide sludge should be poured into a sludge pit located away from transport routes and residential areas.

1.15. When performing gas-flame work using propane-butane mixtures, the gas welder must fulfill the following requirements:

a) use gas cylinders, reducers and regulators painted red in work;

b) do not allow more than one cylinder with a propane-butane mixture to be in the workplace;

c) make sure that scale does not get into the nozzle, and before each ignition, release through the cutter the explosive mixture of vapors, gases and air that forms in the hose.

1.16. When performing gas-flame work at existing enterprises where a hot work regime is established, the work should be carried out according to the work permit.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

1.17. If a malfunction is detected in the equipment for gas-flame work (generator, cylinders, gearbox, cutter, etc.), the gas welder is obliged to stop the work and not resume it until the malfunction is eliminated.

1.18. In the event of a fire, it is necessary to stop work, move cylinders, hoses and other equipment to a safe distance from the fire site and report this to the foreman or work manager. After this, the gas welder must take part in extinguishing the fire. Flames should be extinguished with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, asbestos blankets, sand or a strong stream of water.

1.19. If the welded (cut) products and structures lose stability, work should be stopped and the incident reported to the foreman or work manager. After this, the gas welder must take part in work to prevent the collapse of structures.

6. Safety requirements at the end of work

1.20. After completion of work, the gas welder must:

a) turn off the burner

b) put the workplace in order;

c) remove gas cylinders, hoses and other equipment to the places designated for them;

d) discharge the generator, for which you should clean it of sludge and wash it with a hair brush;

e) make sure there are no sources of fire; if they are present, fill them with water;

f) report all violations of safety requirements that occurred during the work to the foreman or work manager.

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