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Instructions on labor protection for a motor transport repairman. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. The independent work of a car repair master (hereinafter referred to as a mechanic) is allowed for persons at least 18 years of age who have professional training and have passed: a preliminary medical examination. When avoiding medical examinations, the employee is not allowed to perform work duties;

• induction training;
• training in safe methods and techniques of work and verification of labor safety rules;
• initial training at the workplace.

To work with electrified tools and equipment are allowed masters who have undergone appropriate training and instruction, who have 1 qualification group in electrical safety. Performing work not related to the duties of the foreman is allowed after a targeted briefing.

1.2. The master must:

1.2.1. Comply with the norms, rules and instructions on labor protection, fire safety and rules before the morning work schedule.

1.2.2. Properly apply collective and individual protective equipment, take care of the overalls, special footwear and other personal protective equipment issued for use.

1.2.3. Immediately inform your immediate supervisor about any accident that occurred at work, about signs of an occupational disease, as well as about a situation that poses a threat to life and health of people.

1.2.4. Perform only assigned work. The performance of work of increased danger is carried out according to the permit after passing the targeted briefing.

1.3. It is forbidden to consume alcoholic beverages, as well as to start work in a state of alcoholic or drug intoxication. Smoking is allowed only in specially equipped places.

1.4. Dangerous and harmful production factors for a car repair mechanic are:

• toxic, flammable liquids, lubricants and their fumes; engine exhaust gases; electricity;
• moving parts of units and assemblies;
• posted car; uncomfortable working posture;
• sharp edges of parts, assemblies, assemblies, tools and fixtures.

1.5. Overalls and other personal protective equipment are issued in accordance with the Model Industry Standards. The employer is obliged to replace or repair overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment that has become unusable before the expiration of the established wear period for reasons beyond the control of the employee.

1.6. In the event of a fire, inform the fire brigade by phone (indicate the phone number), the work manager and start extinguishing.

1.7. In case of illness or injury, both at work and outside it, it is necessary to inform the manager about this and contact the medical institution.

1.8. In case of an accident, help the victim in accordance with the instructions for providing first aid, call a medical officer. Preserve the situation at the workplace as it was at the time of the incident until the investigation, if this does not threaten the life and health of others and does not lead to an accident.

1.9 If a malfunction of equipment, fixtures, tools is detected, inform the manager about it. Use and use of faulty equipment and tools is prohibited.

1.10. Performing labor duties, the master must comply with the following requirements:

• walk only along the established passages, bridges and platforms;
• do not sit down or lean on random objects and fences;
• do not run up and down stairs and walkways;
• do not touch electrical wires, cables of electrical installations;
• do not eliminate malfunctions in the lighting and power networks, as well as starting devices;
• stay out of the reach of lifting machines.

1.11. Pay attention to safety signs, signals and comply with their requirements. A prohibitory safety sign with an explanatory inscription "Do not turn on - people are working!" only the employee who installed it has the right to remove it. It is forbidden to turn on the equipment if there is a prohibition safety sign on the control panel with an explanatory inscription "Do not turn it on - people are working!"

1.12. When moving around the territory, the following requirements must be observed:

• walk on footpaths, sidewalks;
• cross railroad tracks and highways in designated places;
• when leaving the building, make sure that there is no moving traffic.

1.13. For drinking, you should use water from saturators, equipped fountains or drinking tanks.

1.14. Eating should be in equipped rooms (dining room, canteen, dining room).

1.15. The performance of work of increased danger is carried out, according to the permit after passing the targeted briefing.

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Put on overalls. Make sure she's correct. It is not allowed to work in light shoes (slippers, sandals, sneakers, sneakers).

2.2. Cars sent to maintenance and repair posts must be washed, cleaned of dirt and snow. Vehicles are placed at maintenance and repair posts under the supervision of a responsible person.

After setting the car to a post, it is necessary to slow it down with a parking brake, turn off the ignition (turn off the fuel supply in a car with a diesel engine), set the gear lever to neutral position, put at least two special stops (shoes) under the wheels. A sign should be hung on the steering wheel with the inscription "Do not start the engine - people are working!" On cars with a backup device for starting the engine, a similar plate should be hung out at this device.

2.3. When servicing a car on a lift, a sign must be posted on the lift control panel with the inscription "Do not touch - people are working under the car!"

2.4. In the working (raised) position, the plunger of the hydraulic lift must be securely fixed with a stop (bar), which guarantees the impossibility of spontaneous lowering of the lift.

2.5. Before carrying out work related to turning the crankshaft and rolled shaft, it is necessary to additionally check the ignition off (shut off the fuel supply for diesel vehicles), the neutral position of the gear lever, and release the parking brake lever.

After performing the necessary work, the car should be braked with a parking brake. If it is necessary to perform work under a car that is outside the inspection ditch, lift, overpass, workers must be provided with sunbeds.

2.6. Scaffolds must be stable and have handrails and a ladder. The metal supports of the scaffolds must be securely connected to each other.

2.7. Scaffold decking boards must be laid without gaps and securely fastened. The ends of the boards should be on supports. The thickness of the scaffold boards must be at least 40 mm.

2.8. Portable wooden step-ladders must have cut-in steps at least 150 mm wide.

The step ladder must be of such length that the worker can work from a step at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder. The lower ends of the ladder must have tips that prevent it from slipping.

2.9. Before removing the components and assemblies of the power supply, cooling and lubrication system of the car, when liquid leakage is possible, it is necessary to first drain the fuel, oil and coolant from them into a special container, preventing them from spilling.

2.10. Before starting work with a power tool, check the presence and serviceability of grounding. When working with a power tool with a voltage above 42 V, it is necessary to use protective equipment (rubber gloves, galoshes, rugs, wooden dry racks).

2.11. Before using a portable lamp, it is necessary to check whether there is a protective grid on the lamp, whether the cable and its insulation are in good condition.

2.12. Inspection ditches, trenches and tunnels must be kept clean, not cluttered with details and various objects. Sturdy wooden gratings should be installed on the floor of the ditch. Inspection ditches and overpasses must have wheel-cutting bars (flanges).

2.13. Cars running on gas fuel can enter the maintenance and repair posts only after they have been converted to work on gasoline (diesel fuel).

The original valves should not be left in an intermediate state: they should be either fully open or fully closed.

2.14. Before entering, it is necessary to check the gas supply system for leaks at a special post. It is forbidden to enter premises with a leaky gas supply system.

2.15. The gas from the cylinders of the car, on which welding, painting work, as well as work related to troubleshooting the gas supply system or its removal, must first be completely drained (released) at a specially designated place (post), and the cylinders must be purged with compressed air , nitrogen or other inert gas.

2.16. Before the delivery of vehicles running on gas fuel; during the overhaul, the gas from the cylinders must be completely depleted (released, drained), and the cylinders themselves degassed. If necessary, cylinders together with gas equipment can be removed and handed over for storage to a warehouse.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. When performing maintenance operations that require the operation of the vehicle engine, connect the exhaust pipe to the exhaust ventilation, and in its absence, take measures to remove exhaust gases from the room.

3.2. When working on a turntable (tipper), it is necessary to first securely fix the car on it, drain the fuel from the fuel tanks and liquid from the cooling system and other systems, tightly close the engine oil filler neck and remove the battery.

3.3. When hanging a part of a car, trailer, semi-trailer with lifting mechanisms (jacks, hoists, etc.), except for stationary ones, you must first place special stops (shoes) under the non-lifting wheels, then hang the car, substitute the suspended part of the trestle and lower the car onto them.

3.4. It is forbidden:

• work lying on the floor (ground) without a lounger;
• perform any work on a car (trailer, semi-trailer) suspended only on one lifting mechanism (jacks, hoists, etc.), except for stationary ones;
• place under the posted car (trailer, semi-trailer) wheel disks, bricks and other random objects instead of traguses;
• remove and install springs on cars (trailers, semi-trailers) of all designs and types without first unloading them from the mass of the body by hanging the body with the installation of trestles under it or the car frame;
• carry out maintenance and repair of the car with the engine running, with the exception of certain types of work, the technology of which requires starting the engine;
• lift (hang out) the car by the towing devices (hooks) by grabbing them with cables, a chain or a hook of the lifting mechanism;
• lift (even for a short time) loads weighing more than indicated on the plate of this lifting mechanism;
• remove, install and transport units when mooring them with a cable or ropes;
• lift the load with an oblique tension of the cable or chains;
• work on faulty equipment, as well as with faulty tools and fixtures;
• leave the tool and parts on the edges of the inspection ditch;
• work under a raised body of a dump truck, dump trailer without a special additional stop;
• use random coasters and pads instead of a special additional stop;
• work with damaged or incorrectly installed stops;
• start the engine and move the car with a dented body;
• carry out repair work under the raised body of a dump truck, dump trailer without first releasing it from the load;
• rotate the cardan shaft with a crowbar or mounting blade;
• blow off dust, sawdust, shavings, small scraps with compressed air.

3.5. Repair, replacement of the lifting mechanism of the body of a dump truck, dump trailer or adding oil to it must be carried out after installing a special additional stop under the raised body, which excludes the possibility of falling or spontaneous lowering of the body.

3.6. During the repair and maintenance of buses and trucks, workers must be provided with scaffolds or ladders and ladders. Ladders are not allowed.

3.7. In the area of ​​maintenance and repair of vehicles is prohibited:

• wipe the car and wash the units with flammable liquids, gasoline, solvents, etc.);
• store flammable liquids and combustible materials, acids, paints, calcium carbide, etc. in quantities greater than replacement requirements;
• fill the car with fuel;
• store clean cleaning materials with used ones;
• clutter up the passages between the racks and exits from the premises with materials, equipment, containers, removed units, etc.;
• store used oil, empty containers from fuel and lubricants.

3.8. When carrying out maintenance and repair work on gas-fuelled vehicles, it is necessary:

• raise the hood for ventilation;
• carry out work on the removal, installation and repair of gas equipment only with the help of special devices, tools and equipment; gas equipment units may be removed only in a cooled state (at a surface temperature of parts not higher than +60°C);
• check the tightness of the gas supply system with compressed air, nitrogen or other inert gases with closed consumables and open main valves;
• protect gas equipment from pollution and mechanical damage;
• fasten the hoses to the fittings with clamps.

3.9. Adjustment of gas supply system devices directly on the vehicle should be carried out in a separate specially equipped room, isolated from other rooms by partitions (walls).

3.10. When carrying out maintenance and repair of vehicles running on gas fuel, it is prohibited:

• tighten threaded connections and remove parts of gas equipment and gas pipelines under pressure from the car;
• release compressed gas into the atmosphere or drain liquefied gas to the ground;
• twist, flatten and bend hoses and tubes, use oily hoses;
• install handicraft gas pipelines;
• use additional levers when opening and closing the main and consumable valves;
• use wire or other objects to fasten the hoses.

3.11. When working with wrenches, it is necessary to select them according to the size of the nuts, correctly apply the wrench to the nut. Do not tighten the nut with a jerk.

3.12. When working with a chisel or other chopping tool, it is necessary to use goggles to protect the eyes from damage by metal particles, and also to put a protective washer on the chisel to protect hands.

3.13. It is allowed to check the holes with a conical mandrel, and not with a finger.

3.14. Components and assemblies removed from the vehicle should be installed on stable special stands, and long parts - on racks.

3.15. When working with a pneumatic tool, it is allowed to supply air after the tool is in its working position.

3.16. Pneumatic tool hoses may be connected and disconnected after the air supply has been turned off.

3.17. Blowtorches, electric and pneumatic tools are allowed to be issued to persons who have been instructed and who know the rules for handling them.

3.18. When checking the level of oil and liquid in the units, it is forbidden to use open fire.

3.19. When replacing or topping up oils and liquids in units, drain and filler plugs must be unscrewed and tightened with a tool designed for this purpose.

3.20. To supply grease to high-mounted grease fittings, use a standard footrest in the inspection ditch.

3.21. To work in front of and behind the vehicle and to cross the inspection ditch, it is necessary to use transitional bridges, and to descend into and out of the inspection ditch, special ladders must be used.

3.22. It is forbidden:

• connect the power tool to the network in the absence or malfunction of the plug;
• carry an electric tool, holding it by the cable, as well as touch the rotating parts with your hand until they stop;
• direct a jet of air at yourself or others when working with a pneumatic tool;
• install a gasket between the jaw of the key and the edges of the nuts and bolts, as well as build up the key with a pipe or other levers, if this is not provided for by the design of the key.

3.23. To test and test the brakes on the stand, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the vehicle from rolling off the stand rollers.

3.24. Work at diagnostic and other posts with the engine running is allowed when local exhaust ventilation is turned on, which effectively removes exhaust gases.

3.25. It is forbidden to work in industrial premises where harmful substances are emitted, "Ventilation is faulty or not turned off.

3.26. On sites and in shops where work with details is carried out; contaminated with leaded gasoline, kerosene tanks should be installed.

If leaded gasoline gets on your hands or other parts of the body, wash these areas with kerosene and then warm water and soap.

3.27. Do not operate equipment with guards removed, loose, or defective.

3.28. Work under the raised car bodies is carried out with the stop bar installed, which prevents the body from lowering.

3.29. Removal and installation of springs is carried out with special pullers.

3.30. Pressing out and pressing bushings, bearings and other close-fitting parts is carried out using special tools, presses or hammers with copper strikers.

3.31. When repairing cars with a high arrangement of units and parts, ladders with steps at least 150 mm wide are used. The use of ladders is prohibited.

3.32. Before starting work related to turning the crankshaft or cardan shaft, turn off the ignition, cut off the fuel supply.

3.33. When working under the car, use protective goggles, sunbeds.

3.34. Replace the springs after unloading them and placing the car on stands.

3.35. When starting the engine, hold the crank so that all the fingers of your hand wrap around it on one side.

3.36. When running in the engine, beware of rotating parts.

3.37. Before inflating tires after mounting them on the wheel, make sure that the locking ring is properly seated in the disc groove.

In order to avoid injury from a flying disc, inflate the wheel with a safety fork or in a special cage.

3.38. It is impossible to remove aggregates, units from the machine at a time when people are working under the machine.

3.39. Do not stack and place near the machine, on the steps, on the overpasses removed units, components and parts, as they can fall and cause injury to workers.

3.40. When replacing axles and springs, place special stands under the raised end of the frame.

It is forbidden to use various objects instead of stands or leave the machine on jacks.

4. Safety requirements at the end of work

4.1. Tidy up your workspace. Remove tools and fixtures.

4.2. To clean the workplace from dust, sawdust, shavings, small metal scraps should be brushed.

4.3. Report to the manager about the malfunctions that arose during the work.

4.4. Clean overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment

4 5. Wash your face and hands with soap and take a shower.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the event of a power outage, stop work and report to your supervisor. Do not try to find out and eliminate the cause yourself. Be aware that tension can suddenly appear.

5.2. In the event of a fire, inform the fire brigade by phone (indicate the phone number), the work manager and start extinguishing.

5.3. In case of fire or fire, remember that extinguishing electrical installations should be done with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, dry sand in order to avoid electric shock.

5.4. Spilled oil and fuel must be immediately removed with sand or sawdust, which after use should be poured into metal boxes with lids, installed outdoors.

5.5. In case of any malfunction of the high and low pressure reducers, the electromagnetic shut-off valve, it is necessary to close the supply and main valves, and remove the faulty components from the vehicle and send them to a special workshop (specialized area) for testing.

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