|
Arabic
Bengali
Chinese
English
French
German
Hebrew
Hindi
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Malay
Polish
Portuguese
Spanish
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese|
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Labor protection instruction for electrician of cable networks
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection Safe Operation 1. General requirements for labor protection 1.1. Only a specially trained worker who has passed a preliminary medical examination, training and testing of knowledge of labor protection standards, as well as briefings on the safety of work may be allowed to install cable networks. 1.2. The performance of related work as part of an integrated team is allowed for an electrician after training, certification and obtaining a certificate for the right to perform work in related professions. 1.3. The electrician is obliged to use overalls, safety shoes and personal protective equipment. 1.4. Wearing protective helmets is mandatory when in the work area. 1.5. Electricians must know the location of the first-aid kit, means of communication for reporting incidents, and be able to provide first-aid medical care to victims of accidents. 1.6. When working at height, use only inventory scaffolding and ladders. 1.7. Electricians are required to use serviceable tools and fixtures. The tool must be used in accordance with the instructions for use and only for its intended purpose. 1.8. Electricians in the production of work must be guided by work production projects (PPR), technological maps or orders of the work manager, follow the rules of internal labor regulations. 1.9. All work on rolling and pulling the cable must be carried out in protective canvas gloves or special gloves. 1.10. When opening wells, it is necessary to use a tool that does not form sparks, and also to avoid hitting the cover on the hatch neck. 1.11. Inspection of cable wells, tunnels, collectors, as well as work in them, is allowed for a group of at least two people, and one of them must have an electrical safety qualification group of at least III. Employees must have and use, if necessary, means of evacuation, know and use signaling methods. 1.12. If there is at least one live cable in tunnels, wells and collectors, all electrical installation work (shutdown, voltage absence check, portable grounding, etc.) must be carried out according to the rules of work in existing electrical installations. 1.13. Inventory ladders should be used for descending into a pit, trench, underground structures and lifting. 1.14. It is forbidden to smoke in wells, sewers and tunnels, as well as being outside near open manholes. 1.15. In the production of earthworks in trenches and pits, the development of soil by "undermining" is not allowed. 1.16. When pipes are punched horizontally, the stay of workers in the pipelines is allowed with a pipe diameter of at least 1200 mm and a length of not more than 40 m. The duration of the continuous stay of a worker inside the pipeline should not exceed one hour. Such pipelines with a length of 10 m or more must be equipped with forced ventilation. 1.17. When working inside wells, tunnels and sewers, portable 12 V electric lamps or rechargeable torches must be used. It is forbidden to use open fire for lighting (torches, matches, gas burners, blowtorches, etc.). 1.18. Electricians must report all violations of the technological process, shortcomings in the organization and preparation of jobs, malfunctions of equipment, tools and protective equipment to the immediate supervisor of the work. 1.19. For non-compliance with the requirements of this instruction, if it could lead or led to an accident, accident, fire, resulting in damage to the organization or individuals, electricians bear disciplinary, criminal and material liability in accordance with Article 135 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation ; articles 143, 216, 21,7, 218, 219 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the corresponding articles of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. 2. Labor protection requirements before starting work 2.1. Before starting work, the electrician must: 2.3.1. Pass a preliminary medical examination; at the same time, he must inform the medical commission of all data on his state of health. 2.1.2. Pass theoretical and industrial training on labor protection through the department (service) for personnel training. 2.1.3. Pass an examination of knowledge of labor protection standards for their profession and types of assigned work; receive a certificate with the results of a knowledge test. 2.1.4. Get instructions on work safety:
2.1.5. Get an instruction on labor protection for an electrician on hand against signature. 2.1.6. Before starting work, electricians are required to inspect the workplace, remove objects that interfere with work and clear the aisles. 2.1.7. The electrician does not start work if at least one of the following points is not fulfilled:
2.2. It is possible to start working in underground cable structures only after checking for gas contamination with methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and other explosive and poisonous gases using special devices. Checking the absence or presence of gases using open flames is prohibited. 2.3. The removal of gases is carried out by forcing fresh air with the help of fans installed outside the cable rooms, but at the same time the injection sleeve must be lowered into the well or inserted into the tunnel and located at a distance of at least 0,25 m from the bottom. 3. Labor protection requirements during work 3.1. General provisions In the process of work, the electrician must: 3.1.1. Strictly comply with the requirements of this instruction and the instructions of your immediate supervisor (foreman, foreman, foreman). 3.1.2. Perform only those works that are determined by the task (order) of the immediate supervisor, without expanding the tasks, volume and production area. 3.1.3. Strictly comply with the provisions of the instructions received by him on labor protection. 3.1.4. Use only for the intended purpose the means of protection issued to him, devices, tools, devices for monitoring dangerous and harmful factors. 3.1.5. Immediately report to your immediate supervisor about all cases of equipment malfunction and violations of safety requirements, emergencies, fires and fires, accidents and diseases in the production process. 3.2. Cable routing 3.2.1. Cable drums must be loaded and unloaded using cranes, loaders or winches. 3.2.2. Before moving the drum with the cable, it is necessary to take measures against the capture of workers' clothes by the protruding parts of the drum, and securely fasten the ends of the cable. 3.2.3. When rolling, the drum should be rotated in the direction of the arrow painted on the cheek of the drum. 3.2.4. It is allowed to roll the cable drum manually only on solid ground or on a solid flooring of a horizontal surface. The presence of people in the path of the rolling drum is prohibited. 3.2.5. To observe the correct unrolling of the cable, you should be at the side or behind the unroller. 3.2.6. Reliable visual, telephone or radio communication must be established between the work manager and electricians who monitor the cable tension along the route. 3.2.7. To unwind the cable, the drum is installed on jacks of the appropriate carrying capacity or a special trolley and lifted 0,15 - 0,20 m from the ground, car body, etc. The drum must be installed in such a way that the cable unwinds from its upper part. When lifting the drum, it is necessary to ensure that its cheeks and bushings are not damaged, and the rolling axle does not move from the supports. It is allowed to unwind the cable from the drum only if there is a working brake device. 3.2.8. On routes with turns, workers should not be inside the cable's turning angles, as well as support the cable at the turn angles or pull it manually. For this purpose, corner deflection rollers must be installed at the turning points. When laying on straight sections of the cable route manually, all workers must be on one side of it. 3.2.9. The distance from the edge of the trench to the cable drums, mechanisms and fixtures must be no less than its depth; if it is necessary to locate drums, mechanisms and devices at a distance less than the specified one, the walls of the trench must be securely reinforced. 3.2.10. Pulling the cable through the openings in the walls is allowed provided that there are workers on both sides of the wall. When pulling power cables through holes in walls and interfloor ceilings, as well as through pipes, the distance from the entrance of the cable being dragged into pipe sewers to the extreme position of the hands must be at least 1 m. 3.2.11. When pulling the cable with winches on routes passing through different floors and rooms, as well as through a block sewer with intermediate cable wells, all work should be performed on command using a telephone connection or an alarm system, for example, issuing commands through messengers. 3.2.12. When manually laying the cable, it is not allowed to exceed the load on one working section of the cable weighing more than 35 kg. 3.2.13. When installing the cable at a height, stable scaffolding must be used. 3.2.14. When rolling out the cable using a winch, a worker must be on duty near it, who must monitor the tension and correct laying of the cable on the winch drum. The fastening of the cable to the cable must be reliable, not allowing breakage during pulling. 3.2.15. It is forbidden for anyone to be inside the corner of a cable caught on something. 3.2.16. Relaying live cables is prohibited. 3.2.17. It is allowed to switch the cable from row to row, provided that the ends of the cable are disconnected from live parts and reliably grounded. 3.2.18. When heating cables with electric current before laying, the heating transformer must have a disconnecting device with short circuit protection, and the case, the secondary winding of the transformer and the armor of the heated cables must be grounded (zeroed). The voltage on the primary winding of the transformer must be no higher than 380 V. The person on duty at the heated cable must have an electrical safety group of at least III; it must be provided with protective equipment and measuring instruments to control current and temperature. 3.2.19. It is forbidden to connect or disconnect heated cables that are energized. 3.2.20. During the pulling of the cable, it is forbidden to clean and lubricate the winches and fixtures, to correct the cable and the cargo cable. 3.2.21. The last turn of the cable from the drum should be lowered into the tunnel smoothly using a hemp rope. 3.2.22. When laying a cable from ice, work should be started after obtaining permission from the authorities supervising the safety of movement on ice. 3.2.23. The accumulation of people and equipment in the immediate vicinity of the edge of the hole is not allowed. The cable drum should be located on the shore. 3.2.24. When laying a cable through water bodies under water, cable drums and traction devices must be securely fixed on a horizontal platform on the shore or on a watercraft (barge, pontoon, ship). 3.2.25. When overcoming water obstacles, the worker must use, at the direction of the head, the boats intended for this purpose only in specially designated places. 3.2.26. When using ferry and ice crossings, the worker must be outside the vehicle. 3.3. Connecting and terminating cables 3.3.1. Electrical installers who have passed a medical examination and have received the appropriate permission are allowed to work with epoxy or other toxic substances. 3.3.2. When working with epoxy compound and hardener, the following rules must be observed:
3.3.3. When performing dry embeddings using bakelite varnish, it is necessary to use only a brush; sprays are prohibited for this purpose. 3.4. The use of blowtorches Do not: 3.4.1. When working with a blowtorch, pour and pour fuel, disassemble the lamp, unscrew the head near an open flame, over-pump air into the lamp. 3.4.2. Fill a kerosene blowtorch with gasoline. 3.4.3. When working in wells, kindle blowtorches in them, heat up compounds for pouring couplings and solder. Blowtorches should only be lit outside the well. 3.4.4. Light the lamp under equipment, wires and near oil-filled apparatus. 3.4.5. Passing burning blowtorches from hand to hand. 3.4.6. Do not remove the burner until the pressure in the tank is released. It is possible to release the air pressure from the lamp reservoir through the filler plug only after the lamp has been extinguished and its burner has completely cooled down. 3.4.7. When working with blowtorches, shields made of refractory material should be used to limit the spread of flame, and asbestos cloth should be ready in case of a fire. 3.5 Use of solder and cable compound 3.5.1. Mix the molten composition for pouring couplings and solder only with a preheated metal bar or spoon. 3.5.2. Heating of the cable mass and melting of the solder should be carried out at a distance of at least 2 m from the cable well. 3.5.3. The molten solder and the heated cable mass should be lowered into the well only in special ladles or closed vessels suspended with a carabiner from a metal cable. 3.5.4. The cable mass for pouring the couplings should be heated on a roasting pan in a dried metal dish with a lid and spout. The heating temperature is determined by a thermometer. It is forbidden to bring the mass to a boil. The ingress of water into the hot mass is unacceptable to avoid violent splashing. 3.5.5. Do not heat unopened cans of cable mass. 3.5.6. Do not carry heated solder or heated cable mass up ladders and ladders. 3.5.7. Containers with heated cable mass and solder must not be passed from hand to hand; when transferring, it is necessary to place the container on a flat surface. 3.5.8. When working with solder and cable mass heating, canvas gloves, goggles or shields should be worn. 3.5.9. Hands contaminated with cable mass should be washed with soap and warm water, having previously removed the places of contamination with acetone. Do not wash your hands with benzene, toluene or other solvents containing benzene. 3.6. Installation of cables in existing electrical installations 3.6.1. It is forbidden to start work until permission is received from the manufacturer of the work (foreman, foreman) with instructions on disconnecting the cable, grounding it, puncture site, cutting. 3.6.2. To enter a room with high voltage electrical installations only in the presence of a responsible work manager. 3.6.3. Work on the cable line should be a group of at least two people to ensure insurance. 3.6.4. Before starting work, the cable must be disconnected, grounded and a sign posted: "Do not turn it on - people are working!". 3.6.5. When cutting the cable, it is necessary to use dielectric gloves, goggles; underfoot should be a rubber mat or dry wooden flooring; hacksaw, cable cutters must be grounded. 3.6.6. Cast iron couplings must be opened with dielectric gloves and safety glasses, standing on a rubber mat or dry wooden flooring. 3.6.7. After removing the cover from the coupling, it is necessary to make sure again with the help of the indicator that there is no voltage, after which it is possible to cut off the insulating mass with a heated grounded knife. 3.6.8. Testing cables with increased voltage must be carried out by at least two qualified electricians: one - not lower than IV, the other - not lower than III. 3.6.9. When working in existing electrical installations, it is necessary to use tools with insulating handles. 3.7. The use of metalwork and assembly tools and small-scale mechanization 3.7.1. Work with a faulty and poorly sharpened tool is prohibited. Locksmith hammers and sledgehammers should have a slightly convex, not knocked down, crack-free surface of the strikers. The handles of these tools must be securely fastened. 3.7.2. Impact tools (chisels, barbs, bolts, etc.) should not have potholes, chips, cracks at the ends of the working plane, as well as burrs and sharp edges in the places where the tool is clamped by hand. The length of the chisel must be at least 150 mm. 3.7.3. Safety goggles must be worn when working with impact tools. 3.7.4. When working with wedges or chisels using sledgehammers and drifts, holders with a length of at least 0,7 m must be used. The drift must be made of soft metal. 3.7.5. It is forbidden to perform work with metalwork and assembly tools with insulating handles if there are shells, chips, swellings and other defects on their surface and in the thickness of the insulation. 3.7.6. It is forbidden to use wrenches that have cracks, potholes, bevels; use linings for gaps between the faces of the nut and the key. 3.7.7. Before starting work with a hand-held power tool, it is necessary to check that the voltage and frequency of the current in the electrical network correspond to the voltage and frequency of the current of the electric motor of the power tool indicated on the label. 3.7.8. Accessible metal parts of a class I power tool that may become live in the event of an insulation failure must be earthed to an earthing clamp. Class II and III power tools are not earthed. It is forbidden to use a neutral working wire for grounding. 3.7.9. Connecting (disconnecting) auxiliary equipment (transformers, frequency converters, protective and disconnecting devices, etc.) to the network, checking it, as well as troubleshooting should be carried out by specially trained personnel with an electrical safety group of at least III. 3.7.10. Do not use a power tool that has expired the period of periodic inspection, or if any of the following malfunctions occur:
3.7.11. When working with class I power tools in rooms without an increased risk of electric shock to workers, it is necessary to use dielectric gloves, and in rooms with conductive floors, also dielectric galoshes or carpets. Power tools of classes II and III are allowed to work without the use of personal protective equipment in rooms without an increased risk of electric shock to workers. 3.7.12. When working with electrified or pneumatic machines, it is prohibited:
3.7.13. During breaks in work, at the end of work, when the voltage is turned off in the electrical network, when the air supply is interrupted, when cleaning, when changing working tools, etc. manual machines must be turned off and disconnected from the electrical or air mains. 3.7.14. It is forbidden to blow compressed air on clothes on yourself and on other workers. 3.7.15. When carrying or transporting the tool, its sharp parts should be covered with covers. 3.7.16. Persons who work with the power tool themselves are prohibited from disassembling and repairing the tool, cable, plug connections and other parts. This work may only be performed by a specially designated, trained worker. 3.7.17. It is forbidden to handle icy and wet parts with power tools. 3.7.18. When operating winches, it is forbidden to allow the load to fall freely by disengaging the pawl from the ratchet wheel. 4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations 4.1. If, during operation, malfunctions of scaffolding means, equipment used, tools, protective equipment are detected, in which, according to the requirements of the manufacturer's instructions, their operation is prohibited, work should be stopped and reported to your immediate supervisor. 4.2. If hazardous conditions occur in the work area (grounding faults; smell of gases in cable structures), electricians are required to stop work and inform the work manager. 4.3. In case of loss of stability or violation of the integrity of structures in the work area, work should be stopped and reported to the manager. 4.4. In case of an accident, immediately provide first aid to the injured on the spot and call an ambulance by any means of communication or through others. 4.5. In the event of a fire or a fire, it is necessary to immediately report this to the fire service using any means of communication installed in the organization, or through the surrounding people; take measures to extinguish the fire as far as possible. 4.6. In the event of an emergency, a danger to their health or the health of those around them, the electrician should immediately stop work and leave the danger zone. 5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work 5.1. After completion of work, the electrician must: 5.1.1. Disconnect the power tool and other equipment used in the work from the power source. 5.1.2. Tidy up the workplace by removing foreign objects from the aisles. 5.1.3. Wipe and lubricate the rubbing parts of the tool and put the tool, fixtures, control devices in the pantry for storage. 5.1.4. In the case of performing work during the removal of voltage, inform the permitting person about the completion of work. 5.1.5. Restore the fencing of hazardous areas, protection, blocking, lock up high-risk equipment, and, if necessary, post warning signs and posters. 5.1.6. Report all violations of safety requirements that occur in the course of work to the immediate supervisor.
▪ Photographer of precision photolithography. Standard instruction on labor protection ▪ Working on a printing press. Standard instruction on labor protection
Artificial leather for touch emulation
15.04.2024 Petgugu Global cat litter
15.04.2024 The attractiveness of caring men
14.04.2024
▪ Self-driving cars from Google ▪ Kite received a bionic prosthetic leg ▪ Established the connection of odors with memories ▪ Free electricity and clean water ▪ Miracle laptop with 6,8 GHz processor 1 TB RAM
▪ section of the website Basics of First Medical Aid (BFA). Selection of articles ▪ article Vyazemsky Petr Andreevich. Famous aphorisms ▪ article What rodents squeak at the moon like wolves? Detailed answer ▪ article Burnt bristle. Legends, cultivation, methods of application ▪ article How does it work out? Focus secret. Focus secret
Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews
www.diagram.com.ua |
We recommend interesting articles Section 
See other articles Section 
Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:
All languages of this page