Instructions for labor protection when chokering and hauling wood with tractors

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Instructions for labor protection when chokering and hauling wood with tractors

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General safety requirements

General labor protection requirements are set out in the instructions "General requirements for labor protection for workers engaged in logging and forestry work".

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Clarify with the foreman the specifics of chokering and skidding of wood in this cutting area, dangerous zones and other safety requirements indicated in the technological map of logging, which the team gets acquainted with before starting work.

2.2. Do not arbitrarily change the established order of work without the permission of the master.

2.3. Check the completeness, serviceability, put on the overalls provided for by the standards, safety shoes, safety devices and constantly use them at work.

2.4. Check that the skidder, cables and chokers are in good condition. Pay special attention to the safety components: skidding winch and its brake, sound alarm, quality of the main cable, collecting cables and chokers.

2.5. The choker operator must coordinate with the tractor driver the exchange signaling, check the quality of the logging trails, and the absence of dangerous trees in the cutting area.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. The work of a skidder is permitted on prepared skid trails. A portage is considered prepared, in which, over its entire width and length:

removed trees, undergrowth, shrubs, deadwood, stones;
pits are filled up, swampy areas are covered with poles, branches; stumps and bumps are cut flush with the ground.

The width of skidding trails for a tractor (traction class 30-60 kN) must be at least 5 m; less than 7 m).

Skidding of trees from fellers and feller-bunchers is carried out along an unprepared portage. In this case, the trail of a feller or feller-buncher is conditionally considered a skidding trail.

3.2. It is not allowed to collect a pack of wood with a tractor and pass it with a pack closer than 50 m (60 m - in mountainous conditions) from the place of felling the forest, to hook the tractor to trees and stumps for its self-hanging when the caterpillars fall off.

If the feller is simultaneously chokering, the tractor driver has no right to drive into the danger zone of felling without the permission of the feller. In this case, the tractor driver is obliged to stop the tractor at the border of the danger zone, give a signal to the feller, and only after receiving a permission signal from him to drive into the danger zone of felling the forest to the hitch point. In the absence of two-way signaling, operation in this way is not allowed. In any case, the tractor driver does not have the right to drive into the danger zone when felling trees.

3.3. To pull the longitude, the tractor must be installed on the portage so that its longitudinal axis coincides with the direction of movement of the pack (a deviation of no more than 15 degrees is allowed). In any case, the wood is skidded in a semi-suspended position.

To set a pack, the tractor driver must lower the shield, move the tractor back so that the shield crashes into the ground, and then brake the tractor.

When pulling the whips, the tractor driver must carefully monitor their movement and the signals of the choker.

3.4. In order to ensure the stability of the skidder, it is not allowed:

skidding of the forest by caterpillar tractors with the steepness of the portage in the longitudinal direction in winter and in rainy weather in summer - more than 15 degrees, in dry weather in summer - more than 25 degrees;
skidding of the forest by wheeled tractors on the ascent with the steepness of the portage in the longitudinal direction - more than 7 degrees, on the descent - more than 17 degrees in dry weather in summer and more than 13 degrees in winter and in wet weather in summer; U-turn of a wheeled tractor with a load on a slope and a sharp turn in the uphill direction. It is not allowed to change gears when the tractor is moving downhill.

Portages laid across the mountain slope should be horizontal in cross section.

3.5. Longitude chokering for the butt should be done at a distance of 0,5-0,7 m from the butt end, and for the top - at a distance of 0,9-1,2 m from the cut. When hitching a choker, the choker operator must move away from the bundle and the winch rope to a safe distance (10 m) and give the tractor driver a signal allowing the formation of the bundle (turning on the winch).

3.6. When pulling the pack and pulling it onto the shield, the tractor driver must follow the movement of the pack and the signals of the choker.

3.7. When hauling timber with tractors, a choker operator or a person performing his functions is not allowed to:

to pass over a stretched or moving rope;
adjust the choker, unhook and attach the whips while the rope or tractor is moving;
be in the danger zone of deployed whips;
be closer than 10 m from the tree-lengths when the pack is being assembled, closer than 10 m from the end of the pack when the tractor is moving with a pack of tree-lengths or from the side;
choker to the hauling rope whips lying under other whips or sandwiched between stumps;
release the whips clamped between the stumps while the tractor is moving or when the winch hauling rope is pulled;
be on the piedmont side of the whips during their chokering;
drive outside the tractor cab and on a skid pack;
get on the tractor, get off it and lean out of the cab while driving;
unhook the whips until the pack is dropped to the ground and the traction rope of the tractor winch is loosened;
be on the side of the pack of whips during its uncoupling;
carry out repairs and maintenance of the tractor with the engine running;
in any case, touch the tractor without giving a sound signal.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Stop pulling wood onto the tractor if it rests against technological equipment, a tree, a stump, or other obstacle, turn off the winch, loosen the cable and release the caught wood.

4.2. Work must be stopped during heavy rain, thunderstorms, heavy snow and thick fog (visibility less than 50 m).

4.3. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or other responsible work manager of the accident, providing first aid. If necessary, take the victim to a medical facility. Preserve the situation as much as possible.

4.4. If a fire is detected, proceed to extinguish it using the available means, observing safety. Report the fire to the foreman, to the forestry, forestry, in case of any threat to life - leave the danger zone. If necessary, call the fire department.

4.5. During a thunderstorm, logging operations are stopped, metal objects and mechanisms are placed away from people, and people, if possible, should take shelter indoors or take a safe place in a clearing, young growth area, in small folds of terrain on a hillside, between trees growing in 20-25 m apart.

During a thunderstorm, it is forbidden to hide under trees, lean against their trunks, be near and under power lines, come closer than 10 m to separate trees, towers, poles, lightning rods, high stones, etc., be on top of a hill, and also closer 10 m from machines, mechanisms.

5. Safety requirements at the end of work

5.1. The choker is obliged to inspect the set of chokers and return the defective ones for repair.

5.2. The tractor driver must park the tractor, lower the dozer blade, skidding arch and shield, turn off the engine, brake the tractor and inspect it, being careful, drain the water in winter.

5.3. Remove and store protective clothing, footwear and safety devices. Make sure that there are no encephalitis mites on the body, if there are, remove them, perform hygiene procedures.

5.4. Put out the fires and sprinkle them with soil.

5.5. Report comments on the work to the foreman and enter them in the journal of administrative and public control on labor protection.

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