Instructions for labor protection when testing abrasive tools

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Instructions for labor protection when testing abrasive tools

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. This instruction applies to workers involved in testing abrasive tools.

1.2. Work on testing the abrasive tool is allowed for workers who have undergone special training, certified by the qualification commission of the organization, who have a certificate for the right to test the abrasive tool, as well as those who have undergone an introductory briefing on labor protection upon employment and initial briefing at the workplace, as well as repeated and , if necessary, unscheduled and targeted briefings on labor protection.

Refresher training must be carried out at least once every six months.

1.3. Employees involved in testing abrasive tools must follow the internal labor regulations of the organization, know and observe the rules of personal hygiene.

Smoking is allowed in places specially designated for this purpose, provided with fire extinguishing equipment.

1.4. It is necessary to keep the workplace in order and cleanliness, to put blanks and products in the designated places, not to clutter up the aisles and driveways.

1.5. The worker may be exposed to dangerous and harmful production factors: rotating parts, flying abrasive particles, unfavorable industrial microclimate parameters, increased noise level at the workplace, moving tools, sharp edges and roughness of the tool, increased temperature of heated workpieces.

1.6. Overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment are issued to employees in accordance with applicable standards and in accordance with the work performed.

1.7. Personal protective equipment should be stored in specially designated places in compliance with the storage rules and used in good condition.

1.8. If any questions arise during the work related to its safe performance, you should contact the employee responsible for the safe performance of work at this production site.

1.9. When testing abrasive wheels, an employee should remember that the abrasive wheel has a granular crystalline structure, is a cutting tool that works at high speeds, and does not have high mechanical strength, the wheel is destroyed even with slight shocks and impacts. Wheels are not strong enough when subjected to lateral loads, they sharply reduce strength at low temperatures, and wheels with magnesia bond, which is sensitive to a humid environment, cannot be used for work with cooling.

1.10. An employee involved in the testing of an abrasive tool must master the methods of providing first aid to a victim in an accident.

In the event of an accident, the victim should stop work, notify the work manager and seek medical attention.

1.11. Labor protection instructions must be issued to employees involved in testing abrasive tools against receipt.

1.12. In the places where the abrasive tool is tested, it is necessary to post detailed instructions for testing abrasive wheels for mechanical strength, indicating the test speed, the outer diameter of the tool and its type.

1.13. At the place of production of work on testing the abrasive tool, it is not allowed to find persons who are not directly related to the work performed.

Workers involved in testing abrasive tools must follow fire safety rules, know fire warning signals, the location of fire extinguishing equipment and be able to use them.

It is not allowed to use fire-fighting equipment for household purposes, blocking passages and access to fire-fighting equipment.

1.14. A trained and instructed employee involved in testing an abrasive tool is responsible for violating the requirements of labor protection instructions in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, an employee involved in testing an abrasive tool must:

to put on correctly the overalls, special footwear and personal protective equipment that are in good condition according to the norms;
carefully inspect the workplace, put it in order, remove all objects that interfere with work. Arrange the working tool, fixtures and auxiliary materials in a convenient order for use and check their serviceability;
check and make sure that the supply and exhaust ventilation and local exhausts work properly;
check the sufficiency of workplace lighting;
make sure there are no strangers in the room;
check the serviceability of auxiliary lifting equipment, the presence of stamps or tags on them with the designation of the number, test date and load capacity corresponding to the mass of the tested abrasive tools;
Check that the test stand is working, paying special attention to the safety guards, wiring, grounding wires, safety and control devices.

2.2. After inspecting the test bench before putting it into operation, all mechanisms and safety devices should be tested empty.

2.3. If, during the inspection and testing of the test bench, faults are found that impede safe operation and the impossibility of eliminating them on their own, the employee, without starting work, should notify the work manager.

2.4. After receiving the assignment and work permit from the work manager, inspect and test the operation of the test bench and start work.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. During work, the employee testing the abrasive tool should be guided by the requirements and instructions set out in the abrasive tool testing manual, production instructions and flow sheets for testing the abrasive tool.

3.2. An employee testing an abrasive tool is not allowed to be distracted from his direct duties, to clean, lubricate, repair and transfer control of the test to other employees without the permission of the work manager.

3.3. When mounted on a test stand, the grinding wheels must be centered.

3.4. When testing an abrasive tool, the following rules should be followed:

when loading abrasive wheels weighing more than 14 kg, use improvised lifting equipment;
before testing, the vitrified bonded tool must be checked for the absence of cracks by tapping it in a suspended state with a wooden hammer weighing 200 - 300 g. A tool without cracks makes a clear sound when struck;
testing circles for mechanical strength should be carried out at the test speed specified in the flow sheet for the production of work;
the duration of the test (exposure) should be for circles with an outer diameter of up to 150 mm - 3 minutes, and for circles with an outer diameter of more than 150 mm - 5 minutes (it is allowed to test without exposure at a speed exceeding the operating peripheral speed by 65%: working with a circumferential speed up to 50 m/s, circles on a bakelite bond, working with a circumferential speed up to 60 m/s);
grinding wheels that have undergone any mechanical or chemical treatment, as well as wheels whose warranty period has expired, must be re-tested for mechanical strength;
the speed indicator of the test bench must be in good condition and calibrated;
testing of circles should be carried out with the door of the stand chamber closed, the chamber must be equipped with a lock that does not allow opening its doors during the rotation of the stand spindle;
the runout of the test stand spindle should not exceed 0,03 mm;
the direction of the thread at the end of the spindle must be opposite to the direction of rotation of the circle;
the dimensions of the circles subjected to simultaneous testing at the two ends of the shaft of the test stand shall be the same;
the outer diameter and width of the annular pressure surface at the flanges between which the circle is located during the test shall be the same. Gaskets made of cardboard or other elastic material with a thickness of 0,5 to 1 mm should be placed between the flanges and the circle.

3.5. When testing circles with a hole diameter greater than the diameter of the test stand spindle, it is allowed to use intermediate bushings with an outer diameter equal to the circle hole diameter. The height of the seating surface of the intermediate sleeve shall be at least half the height of the test lap.

3.6. It is allowed to simultaneously test several circles of the same size, separated from each other by intermediate flanges of the same diameter and with the same annular spring surface as the main flanges, as well as gaskets. If one or more test circles break, they must be replaced, and the surviving circles are re-tested.

3.7. Data on the testing of circles should be recorded in a book bound and sealed with a seal indicating the permissible operating peripheral speed indicated in the marking, the date and number of the test, the name of the tool manufacturer, the size and characteristics of the circle with the obligatory signature of the person responsible for the test.

3.8. On the non-working part of the circle that passed the test, it is necessary to make a mark with paint or stick a label indicating the test number, test date and a legible signature of the employee responsible for the test.

3.9. On wheels that have undergone mechanical or chemical treatment, as well as those that do not have a working circumferential speed marking after testing, it is necessary to apply a marking indicating the permissible working peripheral speed.

3.10. Wheel dressing should be done with special dressing tools (diamond pencils, metal rollers, metal-ceramic discs, etc.). Editing circles with tools not intended for this purpose is not allowed.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If factors arise when testing abrasive tools that can cause an accident or an accident (cracks in metal structures, damage to protective covers, interlock switches, etc.), as well as when knocking, rattling, crackling occurs, the employee testing the abrasive tool should:

stop testing;
find out the cause of the emergency or rupture of the abrasive tool, informing the worker responsible for the safe production of work.

4.2. In the event of an accident, you should:

take measures to release the victim from the action of the traumatic factor;
provide the victim with first aid, depending on the type of injury;
inform the management of the enterprise about the incident and take measures to evacuate the victim to a medical institution.

4.3. In the event of a fire:

stop working;
turn off the power supply of the stand;
call the fire brigade and inform the management of the organization;
start extinguishing the fire using the fire extinguishing equipment available at the work site.

4.4. In the event of natural disasters (hurricane, earthquake, etc.):

stop working;
turn off the power supply of the stand;
leave the work area and go to a safe place.

4.5. If an accident or accident occurs during work, the employee testing the abrasive tool must inform the employee responsible for the safe performance of work and ensure the safety of the situation at the time of the accident or accident, if this does not pose a danger to the life and health of the employee .

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. At the end of the work, the employee conducting the test of the abrasive tool must:

release the test bench from the abrasive tool;
turn off the power supply of the stand;
put all abrasive tools in the designated places (racks, stands, pallets, etc.) for storage;
inform the work supervisor responsible for the safe performance of work information about the defects and malfunctions of the components and elements of the test bench and abrasive tool identified during the work with the submission of a log book of the tested abrasive tool.

5.2. When handing over the shift, the shifter should be informed of all problems during the testing of the abrasive tool.

5.3. Remove overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment, deposit them in the prescribed manner.

5.4. Wash face and hands with warm water and soap, take a shower.

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