Instructions for labor protection when working on a grinding machine

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Instructions for labor protection when working on a grinding machine

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

Introduction

Working on grinding machines may be accompanied by a number of harmful and dangerous production factors, which include:

electricity;
abrasive dust and aerosols of cutting fluid;
flying pieces of abrasive material and workpieces;
high surface temperature of workpieces and tools;
increased level of vibration;
moving machines and mechanisms, moving products, blanks, materials;
insufficient illumination of the working area, the presence of direct and reflected brilliance, increased pulsation of the light flux.

When developing this Standard Instruction, the following labor safety system standards were used: GOST 12.0.003-74 "Hazardous and harmful production factors. Classification", GOST 12.1.004-91 "Fire safety. General requirements", GOST 12.3.002-75 "Processes production. General safety requirements", GOST 12.3.025-80 "Metal cutting. Safety requirements", etc.

When performing work in accordance with their qualifications, grinders are required to comply with the safety requirements set out in this Standard Instruction.

In case of failure to comply with the provisions of this Model Instruction, employees may be subject to disciplinary, administrative, criminal and material liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, depending on the severity of the consequences.

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Trained personnel who have undergone a medical examination, instructions on labor protection in the workplace, are familiar with fire safety rules and have mastered safe work practices are allowed to work independently on grinding machines.

1.2. The grinder is allowed to work only on machines to which he is authorized, and to perform work that is entrusted to him by the head of the workshop (section).

1.3. A worker servicing grinding machines must have: a cotton suit or overalls, goggles, and yuft boots.

1.4. If the floor is slippery (doused with oil, emulsion), the worker must demand that it be sprinkled with sawdust, or do it himself.

1.5. The grinder is prohibited from:

use faulty abrasive tools;
work in the absence of a wooden grating on the floor under the feet along the length of the machine, which excludes shoes from getting between the slats and ensures free passage of chips;
work on the machine with a broken ground wire, in the absence or malfunction of blocking devices;
stand and pass under a lifted load;
pass in places not intended for the passage of people;
enter without permission behind the fences of technological equipment;
remove the barriers of hazardous areas of operating equipment;
wash hands in emulsion, oil, kerosene and wipe them with wiping ends contaminated with shavings.

1.6. The grinder is obliged to immediately notify the master about each accident and contact the medical center.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Before starting work, the grinder must:

accept the machine from the shifter: check whether the machine and the workplace are well cleaned. You should not start work until the identified deficiencies are eliminated;
put on overalls, button up sleeves and a jacket, put on a hat;
check the presence and serviceability of the protective screen and goggles, safety devices to protect against abrasive dust and coolants;
adjust the local lighting so that the working area is sufficiently lit and the light does not blind the eyes;
check machine lubrication. When lubricating, use only special tools;

check at idle speed of the machine:

a) serviceability of controls;

b) serviceability of the lubrication and cooling system;

c) proper fixation of the switching and switching levers (make sure that the possibility of spontaneous switching from idling to working is excluded).

Check the passport on the strength test of circles with a diameter of 150 mm or more.

2.2. The grinder is prohibited from:

work in slippers, sandals, sandals, etc.;
use faulty tools and devices;
install faulty circles on the machine;
touch live parts of electrical equipment, open the doors of electrical cabinets. If necessary, contact an electrician.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. During work, the grinder must:

before installing the workpiece and fixture on the machine, clean them from chips and oil;
thoroughly clean the mating base and mounting surfaces to ensure proper installation and fastening strength;
install and remove heavy parts and fixtures only with the help of lifting equipment;
lay the parts submitted for processing and processed parts steadily on linings;
Before installing the grinding wheel on the machine, subject it to an external inspection in order to identify noticeable cracks and gouges;
check the reliability of fastening of the abrasive or diamond wheel;
check the proper operation of the machine at idle for 3-5 minutes, being away from the danger zone of possible rupture of the abrasive wheel, make sure that there is no excessive radial and axial runout of the wheel;

when installing and fixing the part on a surface grinder:

fasten parts only with special thrust and clamping strips, placing them at equal distances;
set all thrust bars below the surface to be treated;
place the fastening bolts as close as possible to the place where the part is pressed, and the fastening strips - at right angles to the part; the threads of fasteners must be in good condition;
do not use random unsuitable strips and spacers to fasten parts;
check the correct installation of the part on the machine;
when working with a magnetic plate or cartridges, turn on the umformer first, and then the machine;

when working on machines with magnetic tables, plates and cartridges:

do not allow the temperature of the magnetic components to increase, as this may cause insulation combustion, ejection of parts or an explosion inside the stove;
do not install bent parts on the machine;
to remove parts held by the residual magnetism of the electromagnet, switch the current in the opposite direction and simultaneously remove the parts or use a demagnetizer;

when installing and fixing the workpiece in the centers:

do not use a center with worn cones;
after installing the part in the centers, check the fastening of the tailstock and quill;

Besides:

when processing in centers, grind parts with serviceable center holes with safe clamps and flood chucks;
check the serviceability of the ventilation device and the correct installation of the dust collector;
when working, feed the grinding wheel onto the part or the part onto the wheel smoothly, without jerking or sharp pressure;
when switching to work with cooling, you should wait until the wheel has cooled (if you worked dry with a wheel intended for wet grinding), and only then start working with coolant;
when processing long parts, install a steady rest;
alignment of the workpieces should be carried out using a surface planer or indicator;
Measurements of workpieces should be carried out only when the machine is completely stopped;
when observing the progress of work, do not bring your face closer to the rotating spindle and workpiece;
To remove abrasive dust, use a special brush and dustpan, and be sure to wear safety glasses;
ensure that the grinding wheel wears evenly over the entire width of the working surface;

stop the machine and turn off the electrical equipment in the following cases:

leaving the machine even for a short time;
during a temporary stoppage of work;
during a power outage;
when cleaning, lubricating, cleaning the machine;
upon detection of any malfunction;
when tightening bolts, nuts and other fasteners;
do not allow the cleaner to clean the machine during its operation.

3.2. While working on the machine, the grinder is prohibited from:

work on the machine in mittens or gloves, as well as with bandaged fingers without rubber fingertips;
take and feed any objects through the working machine, tighten nuts, bolts and other connecting parts of the machine;
blow the workpiece with compressed air from a hose;
take measurements on the move of the machine, check by hand the cleanliness of the surface of the workpiece;
to slow down the rotation of the spindle by pressing the hand on the rotating parts of the machine;
use local lighting with a voltage higher than 42 V;
lean on the machine during its operation and allow others to do it;
parts held by residual magnetism should be removed with blows or jerks;
install untested circles on the machine;
open or remove guards and safety devices while the machine is operating;
place parts, tools, and other objects on the machine bed and grinding headstock;
perform operations on the machine for which it is not intended;
be between the part and the machine when installing the part with a crane;
remove abrasive dust directly by hand;
use circles that have cracks and potholes;
work with the side surface of the abrasive wheel;
blow dust out of holes with your mouth; To remove it, use a jet of coolant;
touch the moving workpiece and the grinding wheel until they stop completely;
apply the workpiece to the cold circle immediately with full pressure; first the circle must warm up evenly;
leave keys, fixtures and tools on a running machine.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. If the machine breaks down or the control panel fails, the grinder must turn off the machine and inform the foreman about it.

4.2. In case of fire of rags, equipment or a fire, it is necessary to immediately turn off the machine, inform other workers of the workshop about what happened and proceed to eliminate the source of fire.

4.3. In the event of an emergency, a danger to your health or the health of those around you, you should turn off the machine, leave the danger zone and report the danger to your immediate supervisor.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

At the end of the work, the grinder must:

turn off the machine and the electric motor;

tidy up your workspace:

remove chips and metal dust from the machine;
clean the machine from dirt;
carefully fold the workpieces and tools in the allotted place;
lubricate the rubbing parts of the machine;

hand over the machine to the shifter or foreman and report all machine malfunctions;
remove overalls and hang them in a closet, wash face and hands with warm water and soap, take a shower.

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