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Instructions for labor protection when using construction and assembly guns

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

Introduction

The Instruction sets out the general safety requirements for engineering and technical workers and workers when organizing the production of work using construction and installation pistols, safety measures directly in the production of work with pistols, as well as the rules for transporting, storing, recording and issuing pistols and cartridges for them.

The instruction is intended for those working with piston mounting guns and engineering and technical workers of construction and installation organizations of the USSR Ministry of Energy.

Developed by the safety engineering sector of the Kuibyshev branch of the Institute "Orgenergostroy" of the USSR Ministry of Energy. Compiled by: M. N. Rogovoi, T. S. Klyuzheva. Agreed with the Department of Labor Protection of the Central Committee of the Trade Union of Workers of Power Plants and the Electrical Industry (letter No. 04-12 / 688p dated January 6, 1982) and approved by the head of the Department of Safety and Industrial Sanitation of the USSR Ministry of Energy on January 15, 1982.

With the entry into force of this Instruction, the Safety Instructions for Working with Construction and Assembly Guns become invalid.

Published according to the publication: Safety instructions for the use of construction and assembly pistols in organizations of the USSR Ministry of Energy. Moscow: Informenergo, 1982.

foreword

Until recently, SMP-1 and SMP-3m pistols were used in power construction in the production of electrical, sanitary and other works.

At present, these pistols have been discontinued and replaced by safer ones in operation - assembly piston pistols of the PC-52 type, which are used not for aiming, but for hammering the dowel.

In the production of construction, installation and electrical work, other piston-type tools are also used (ODP-6, impact columns UK-6, PPO-95m presses), the principle of operation of which is similar to that of the PTS-52 pistol.

When developing this Instruction, the requirements of the Safety Instructions for Working with Construction and Mounting Guns, approved by the USSR Ministry of Energy on February 11.02.1970, 52, and the Operating Instructions for the PTS-1-XNUMX Piston Mounting Gun, developed by VNIIprojectelektromontazh, were taken into account.

The instruction was developed for operators using PTS-52 piston action pistols, and for engineering and technical workers organizing the production of these works.

1. General requirements

1.1. Work with construction and assembly piston guns belongs to the category of work with increased danger, and they should be performed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III-4-80 "Safety in construction"

These works must be carried out only on the basis of a permit issued by a person of administrative and technical personnel (by position not lower than a foreman) of the organization that works at this site (object) using a construction and assembly gun.

The list of persons entitled to issue work permits is approved by the head of this organization.

1.2. Persons at least 52 years old, with an education of at least 18 classes and a qualification of at least 7rd grade, who have worked in construction and installation work for at least 3 year, are allowed to work with PTS-1 pistols.

1.3. Before being allowed to work with a pistol, workers must undergo a preliminary medical examination in accordance with the requirements of Order No. 400 dated May 30, 1969 of the USSR Ministry of Health **, a course of special training in educational complexes (points) of the organization and a knowledge test in the qualification commission established by order by organization.

** This order has been cancelled. The order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR No. 700 dated June 19, 1984 "On the conduct of mandatory preliminary upon admission to work and periodic medical examinations of workers exposed to harmful and unfavorable working conditions" is in force, which should be guided

1.4. Persons who have passed the knowledge test on the safe operation of a construction and assembly gun are issued a certificate of a single form approved by the Ministry.

Persons who do not have an operator's certificate are not allowed to work with a gun.

1.5. Line engineering and technical workers associated with the organization of work using pistols must pass a knowledge test for the right to safely organize these works.

1.6. Work with a pistol at height should be carried out from scaffolding made in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.2.012-75 "Devices for ensuring safe work performance. General requirements or from scaffolds made in accordance with the requirements of GOST 24258-80" Scaffolding. Classification and general technical requirements".

Work with a pistol from suspension cradles and telescopic towers must be carried out using a safety belt that meets the requirements of GOST 12.4.089-80 "SSBT. Construction. Safety belts. General technical requirements" **.

Working with a pistol from ladders and ladders is prohibited.

** This standard has been superseded by GOST 12.4.089-86

1.7. Enclosed premises in which work is carried out with construction and assembly guns must be systematically ventilated.

1.8. Operators who violate the requirements of this Instruction must be subject to disciplinary action.

If the violation has resulted or could have resulted in a serious accident, the perpetrators are subject to criminal liability.

1.9. The administration of the organization is obliged to provide operators and auxiliary workers with personal protective equipment:

• mittens;
• signal vests;
• a set of head protection equipment (Fig. 1): a protective helmet in accordance with GOST 12.4.087-80 "Construction. Construction helmets. Technical requirements" ***, anti-noise headphones VTsNIIOT-2M, goggles in accordance with the requirements of GOST or shields ShchN- 7.

*** This standard has been replaced by GOST 12.4.087-84 "Construction. Construction helmets. Specifications"

Operators and maintenance workers are required to wear these protective equipment when working with the gun.

Fig.1. A set of means for protecting the head of the operator and auxiliary worker: 1 - helmet; 2 - protective shield ShchN-7; 3 - anti-noise headphones

2. Safety measures in the preparation and work with construction and assembly guns

2.1. Before starting work, the foreman or foreman must:

• to instruct the operator and auxiliary worker at the workplace;
• remove unauthorized persons from the danger zone;
• designate hazardous areas with safety signs in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76 "SSBT. Signal colors and safety signs";
• install posters prohibiting access to the danger zone: "Entrance is prohibited", "Danger zone". The length of the danger zone should be 10 m on both sides of the place where the dowel is driven, the depth from the zeroing surface should be 5 m (Fig. 2);
• if it is necessary to work in explosive and fire hazardous premises, obtain a permit for hot work in accordance with the requirements of the Fire Safety Rules for the production of welding and other hot work at national economy facilities approved by the GUPO of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR *);
• check with the operator and the auxiliary worker the availability of protective equipment and a valve detector (a device that determines the location of reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures);
• provide the operator's workplace with stable and fenced scaffolding or scaffolding;
• vacate adjacent premises from workers, close them with a padlock and hang posters "No entry".

Fig.2. Designation of the operator's workplace

Construction and installation work in the premises adjacent to the one in which the dowels are driven is allowed only outside the danger zone, provided that it is fenced with prohibitory posters and an observer post is installed (Fig. 3).

2.2. The operator is allowed to work by the foreman or foreman after checking the security measures specified in the work permit and clause 2.1 of this Instruction.

2.3. Before starting work with the gun, the operator must:

• receive from the warehouse a pistol, dowels and cartridges not exceeding a daily allowance, after checking at the place of receipt the serviceability of the pistol locks, excluding an accidental shot, open and close the pistol, while the guide must sink without jamming and quickly return to its original position;
• undergo on-the-job training;
• together with the foreman or foreman, get acquainted with the specific location of the equipment installation sites, inspect the building structures into which the dowels should be hammered, paying attention to the material of the building base;
• check by tapping the walls and floors for the absence of voids, plastered holes and nests;
• check the structure with a valve finder for the absence of reinforcement in the places where the dowels are driven;
• after complete preparation of the workplace, load the pistol directly at the zeroing point and fire several sighting shots.

Fig.3. Designation of the danger zone behind the targeted structure

2.4. The gun should normally only be operated by one operator.

Fastening of large-sized products is carried out by the operator and an auxiliary worker. To support the part being shot by the auxiliary worker, he must use a device with an extended handle, while the safety of working with the gun is ensured by the presence of the operator and the auxiliary worker in a safe area (Fig. 4) and the stable position of the gun.

Fig.4. Safe zone for operator and auxiliary worker

It is prohibited to transfer the pistol to other persons who do not have a certificate for the right to work with it.

2.5. At the time of the shot, the correct and stable position of both the operator and the pistol must be ensured, which is achieved by using the following work methods:

• when driving a dowel into a vertical plane (column, wall), the gun must be at the chest level of the operator, and the head and legs of the operator must be at a distance from the wall equal to the length of the gun;
• at the time of the shot, the gun should be positioned so that its axis is perpendicular to the surface of the building base;
• when driving dowels into the floor, the operator must stand on a stable stand at least 100 mm high;
• the distance from the zeroing point to the floor must be at least 250 mm, and from the zeroing point to the ceiling - at least 450 mm.

2.6. During operation, the operator must:

• before driving dowels into steel bases, check the material and hardness of the base (the point of the dowel should leave a scratch on the surface);
• make sure that at the time of the shot, the hand of the auxiliary worker supporting the part being shot is not closer than 15 mm from the point of driving the dowel;

maintain the following distances from the dowel driving point to the edge of the building base and the part being adjusted to it, mm, not less than:

Building base:

concrete, masonry ………………………….100
steel ……………………………………………………15

Shooting detail:

steel, aluminum ………………………………………10
wood, plastic …………………………………15

2.7. In the event of a "misfire" (no shot occurred), the operator, without opening the pistol, must repeatedly pull the trigger lever 2-3 times, and in the event of a repeated "misfire", hold the pistol pressed for 60 s, open it and remove the cartridge with a ramrod extractor.

2.8. When driving the dowel to an insufficient depth, the operator should use the guide to push the gun onto the dowel head and fire an additional shot, while the dowel should tighten the target part.

2.9. The operator is prohibited from:

• start work without a work permit and instructions;
• work without personal protective equipment;
• in explosive and fire hazardous premises to work with a pistol without a permit for hot work;
• work with a faulty pistol;
• eliminate or change the locking-safety mechanism of the pistol;
• fire a shot without a dowel;
• use non-factory dowels;
• use the gun for other purposes;
• point the gun at yourself or other persons, regardless of whether it is loaded or not;
• use cartridges of greater power than indicated in the manual for the gun;
• hammer dowels into building structures that have internal voids and holes (expanded concrete, hollow interfloor ceilings), into unhardened concrete, into fragile structures and materials that give sharp fragments (ceramics, cast iron, etc.) and hard, causing destruction of the dowel (granite , basalt, hardened steel, etc.);
• hammer dowels into steel structures less than 5 mm thick and concrete and brick bases, the thickness of which is less than the length of the dowel plus 30 mm;
• use pre-made holes in them for adjustment of parts and structures;
• hammer dowels into easily punched building materials (plastic, wood, dry plaster, plaster, as well as into joints and seams of building structures);
• carry a loaded pistol from place to place;
• unload the pistol earlier than 60 seconds after the trigger is released, if the shot did not occur;
• when working with cartridges, hit, drag, push, throw containers with cartridges and store cartridges near heating appliances and open flames;
• before firing, press inaccurately manufactured and deformed structures against the building base with a pistol;
• leave unattended even for a short time a pistol and cartridges for it;
• transfer the pistol to anyone, with the exception of instructors and engineering and technical workers who have certificates for the right to supervise zeroing work, and the warehouse manager.

2.10. The operator is allowed to perform only partial disassembly, assembly and replacement of parts included in the gun spare parts kit, in accordance with the requirements of the factory instructions.

All other types of repairs must not be carried out by the operator.

2.11. If repair and preventive inspection of the construction and assembly gun is necessary, only trained repair personnel have the right to completely disassemble and repair.

2.12. When combining the driving of dowels with a pistol with the production of other types of work (on the same site, floor, room), a portable inventory case with a pistol and a daily norm of cartridges must be locked.

It is allowed to open the inventory suitcase only for the time necessary to transfer the cartridges to the pouch.

2.13. When working at height, the operator must attach the gun to the belt with a complete belt, which excludes accidental dropping of the gun.

When the operator moves from one place of work to another, the pistol must be worn on a belt, attaching it with a carabiner to the harness ring.

3. Transportation, storage, accounting and issuance of pistols and cartridges for them

3.1. Pistols may be transported by any means of transport.

3.2. Cartridges must be transported in special boxes accompanied by a responsible person.

It is forbidden to transport cartridges together with passengers, as well as flammable and inflammable goods. Drivers and other persons involved in the transportation must be instructed on the procedure for loading and transporting cartridges.

It is forbidden to smoke during the transportation of cartridges.

3.3. Warning red flags must be displayed on vehicles carrying ammunition.

3.4. Cartridges must be stored in conditions that prevent damage, explosion (ignition) and theft.

3.5. At assembly sites, construction and assembly pistols and cartridges for them must be stored separately in storerooms, in lockable steel cabinets (boxes).

3.6. The premises in which the pistol and cartridges are stored outside working hours, in the presence of general protection of the territory, must be locked and sealed.

In the absence of guards at the site, the pistol and cartridges are subject to surrender under paramilitary guards with an entry in a special book.

3.7. It is allowed to store no more than 5 kg of cartridges (12500 pieces) in on-site warehouses, subject to the following conditions:

• cartridges in storage places should be in a special metal box, lined with felt from the inside, locked and sealed;
• it is forbidden to store cartridges in bulk;
• metal boxes with cartridges must be stored in an isolated room, access to which can only be given to a person appointed by order of the organization;
• in the room where the cartridges are stored, it is forbidden to smoke, make open fire and store flammable materials.

3.8. Only a responsible person, appointed by order of the organization, has the right to issue and accept pistols against receipt in the Book of Registration of the Issuance and Acceptance of Pistols (Appendix 1) in exchange for a substitute coupon (Appendix 2).

3.9. Cartridges for the pistol must be issued to the operator according to the transfer and delivery list (Appendix 3).

3.10. The basis for the issuance of a pistol and cartridges to the operator is the order of the head of the organization on admission to work with a powder tool (pistol) and a work permit (Appendix 4).

3.11. The operator is obliged every day after the end of work or during a break to hand over to the pantry (warehouse), regardless of the remoteness of the object, the pistol, unused cartridges (misfires) and cartridge cases.

3.12. The gun handed over by the operator must be cleaned and lubricated.

3.13. When opening the package and using side-fire cartridges, it is necessary to avoid squeezing the rims of the cartridge cases.

When unpacking and packing cartridges, it is necessary to use a special knife (such as a can opener) attached to the cartridges or tools made of non-ferrous metals that do not spark when struck.

Annex 1. Book of registration of the issuance and acceptance of pistols

Annex 2. Substitute ticket

Appendix 3

Appendix 4

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