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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions on labor protection for the forester. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General safety requirements 1.1. The section is set out independently on the basis of the Standard Instructions TOI R-07-001-98 "General safety requirements for professions and types of work performed in the field" taking into account the specifics of a particular forestry enterprise. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Uniforms, overalls, footwear and protective equipment must be in good condition, complete and appropriate for the season and purpose; clothes are fastened with all buttons, hair is tucked under a headdress, excluding the possibility of touching when moving behind bushes and branches; the boots are dried and impregnated with a waterproof composition, the soles should not have peeling off, socks and footcloths are well tucked in, excluding the possibility of rubbing the legs. 2.2. You must have matches in a waterproof bag, a dressing kit, basic medicines, drinking water, food supplies, a map, a compass, two fishing hooks and a fishing line. 2.3. The gun must be in good condition and sheathed, the cartridges must be checked, the hatchet and hand tools must be sheathed and securely fastened. 2.4. When riding a horse, check the reliability of the harness, saddle, pack device, horseshoes on the horse. 2.5. When driving motorized vehicles, check their serviceability, reliability, completeness, refueling of fuel and lubricants containers, availability of hand tools. Pay special attention to the brake system and lighting fixtures. 2.6. Notify the immediate supervisor, or work colleagues, or family members, neighbors about the detour, the proposed route and time, if it is impossible, leave a note with brief information in a conspicuous place. If the expected amount of work will take more than one working day or circumstances are possible that do not ensure safety, these works are performed by at least two employees. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. When hiking, it is necessary: to periodically determine your location using landmarks, using a map, compass, location of celestial bodies, natural factors, features of the growth of trees and shrubs, sound, light and other landmarks. 3.2. When moving through the forest, be careful, taking into account the springy properties of branches and bushes, roots and influxes of trees that you can stumble on, pits and other obstacles, if necessary, use hatchets and additional protective equipment (helmets, safety belts, etc.) in the thickets. 3.3. Be especially careful when crossing swamps to inspect the upper layer and use a pole 2-3 m long and a rope for safety in case of a failure in the "window". Unsteady swamps to bypass, and if it is impossible to make flooring from poles. In case of failure, try to hold on to the pole, placing it horizontally, and not make sudden movements. 3.4. During rain and after it, until the soil dries up, do not move around areas with possible rockfall, ravines and mountain slopes. 3.5. It is necessary to wade rivers in known places with a solid bottom, acceptable depth and current speed, using a pole or rope previously anchored on the opposite bank. It is not allowed to cross water barriers on wet, slippery logs or trees thrown over them. It is necessary to cross on a horse, freeing the legs from the stirrup, at an angle against the current, without interfering with the horse itself choosing the path in a given direction. 3.6. Riding is allowed only on a bridled horse. Stitching and cutting tools must be transported in cases. In dangerous places (meeting with a car, etc.), release the legs from the stirrup, on steep descents and ascents, in dense thickets, dismount and lead the horse by the reins. 3.7. When walking, riding a horse or transport, as well as when overcoming obstacles and indoors, the gun must be unloaded. It is allowed to load and unload a gun at a distance of a shot or a bullet from an extreme building or camp, people in the forest. When moving through dense bushes, the gun should be held with the barrel up, and when moving in a group - in the opposite direction from people. When loading (unloading), lowering the safety catch, point the barrel up, down, away from people, before firing, make sure that there are no people or animals in the direction of the shot. At a halt, hang a loaded gun on a bough with the barrel down, constantly monitor the reliability of the gun's running belt. 3.8. It is forbidden: to shoot without clearly seeing the target, at the noise or rustle, below the height of a person in the thickets; use paper, tow and other materials that cause fire for wads, use gunpowder of an unknown brand, transfer a gun into the wrong hands; remove stuck cartridges from the barrel with foreign objects; push bushes and branches apart with a gun, bang the butt on the ground, violate other safety requirements for handling weapons. 3.9. If you get lost, you need to assess your state of health and the degree of fatigue, the state of the environment, clothes, shoes, the distance to a clearly visible and well-known landmark, a supply of food, matches, water, and then decide on further behavior. The wrong direction of movement will complicate your search. Before starting to move at an extinct fire, leave a note indicating the time, direction of movement, state of health, in the absence of paper, make a mark on the ground, on a tree trunk. 3.10. If you lose your orientation, it is advisable to go downhill to the stream, then to the river, this path should lead to housing and it is easier to get food on this path. Moving more often will lead to worse results. The lost person must remember that after a few days his search will begin, therefore, it is necessary to constantly leave information on the movement and condition in writing along the route, with clasps on trees, on the ground, to attract attention with smoke, signals. If you lose your orientation in winter, follow your tracks to a familiar area. 3.11. The performance of work on the care, protection and protection of the forest must be carried out in accordance with the safety requirements of the labor protection instructions for this type of work. 4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. Stop moving along the route and performing any work in case of storm wind, thick fog, heavy snowfall (visibility less than 50 m), take cover in a safe place until the situation improves. 4.2. During a thunderstorm: stop moving, take a safe place in a clearing, an area of young deciduous growth, between trees growing at a distance of 20 m from each other, in mountains and hilly areas closer to the middle of the slope, if possible, sit on insulating material (dry deadwood, moss , birch bark), remove metal objects from yourself. It is forbidden during a thunderstorm: to be in motion, on top of a mountain, hill, on the edge of a forest; stop at streams, rivers, lakes; hide under separate trees, rocks, stones, lean against them; be located under and near power lines, at triangulation signs, other towers and signs, closer than 10 m from machines and mechanisms. 4.3. In the event of a forest fire, take measures to extinguish it on your own, if possible, provide information to the forestry, forestry or other organization, enterprise or population. If it is impossible to extinguish the fire, take personal safety measures and leave the place of ignition. Do the same in case of any danger (environmental, natural disaster, radiation, chemical hazard) that threatens people's lives. 4.4. In the event of an accident, provide the victim with first aid, if necessary, take measures to deliver him to a medical facility, inform the work manager about the incident, and, if possible, preserve the situation of the incident. 5. Safety requirements at the end of work 5.1. Clean, put in order the tools, equipment, weapons, put them in storage in the designated places. 5.2. Remove uniforms, overalls, safety shoes, clean and free them from dust, and place them in storage. 5.3. Make sure that there is no encephalitis tick, if present, remove it. 5.4. Perform hygienic procedures, when working in the zone of radiation contamination, perform the prescribed procedures. 5.5. Report all comments on the work to the official and enter them in the journal of administrative and public control on labor protection.
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