An approximate calculation of the annual electricity generation of a wind turbine. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources
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The generation of electricity by a wind turbine at its installation site depends on the energy characteristics of the wind and the design of the wind turbine.
The power of the wind flow is calculated by the following formula:
, where:
P - wind flow power (W);
ρ - air density (1,225 kg/m3, under normal conditions);
A is the cross sectional area of the wind flow (m2);
V - wind speed (m/s).
If the average wind speed is known, for example, for a year and the distribution of wind speeds is typical, then the average wind flow power is determined from the expression:
where: Pc - average wind power (W); Vc - average wind speed (m/s).
Modern wind turbines are capable of converting only about 25% of the total airflow power into useful power, therefore:
where: Pwind turbine - power at the output of the wind turbine (W); BUTK - surface area swept by the wind wheel (m2); VC - average wind speed at the level of the wind wheel hub (m/s).
The amount of energy that a wind turbine generates over a calculated period of time can be determined as follows:
where: W - the amount of generated energy (kWh); T is the estimated operating time of the wind turbine (h).
The average amount of energy that a wind turbine generates per year is found by the formula:
where: WS, G - average annual energy generation by a wind turbine (kWh/year); VS, G - average annual wind speed (m/s).
Thus, for a wind turbine, the average annual electricity generation depends on the diameter of the wind wheel and the average annual wind speed.
Example
Let us determine the average annual electricity generation by the UVE-500 wind turbine in the village of Kulunda (Altai Territory).
UVE-500 wind turbine diameter:
The average annual wind speed for the village of Kulunda will be determined from (2).
Много это или мало?
One peasant house, depending on the size of the farm, consumes from 1000 to 4000 kWh of electricity per year.
So, one UVE-500 wind turbine with AB is able to provide a peasant family with electricity, including lighting, TV, radio and refrigerator, i.e. almost everything, but without electrothermal devices.
Literature
1. Directory-catalog "Equipment for non-traditional and small-scale energy". M: AO "VIEN", 2000, 167 p.
2. Meteorological monthly, Part 2, issue 1-34, periodical edition, L. 1966-1975.
Authors: Kargiev V.M., Martirosov S.N. and etc.
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