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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Instructions for labor protection for a roofer. Full Document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General provisions 1.1. To perform roofing work, persons at least 18 years of age who have passed:
1.2. The roofer's admission to independent work is issued by a written order for the enterprise. Repeated briefing on labor protection at the workplace is carried out once every three months, and periodic testing of knowledge on labor protection - at least once a year. 1.3. The roofer is not allowed to work in the following cases:
1.4. Workers with diseases of the skin, upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract and nursing mothers are not allowed to perform roofing work with hot mastics. 1.5. The roofer reports to the foreman or foreman of the site, and in the process of work - to the foreman and performs only the work that is assigned to him. 1.6. The roofer must:
1.7. The roofer must be familiar with the dangerous and harmful production factors in the workplace:
1.8. The roofer must use personal protective equipment. When working at height, the roofer must use a safety belt, which should be fastened to structural elements in the places indicated by the foreman, or to a safety rope. If the rope is located along the slope of the roof (surface), the carabiner of the safety belt must be fastened to special safety catchers installed on the rope. A protective helmet with a balaclava is used to protect the head from falling objects. When cleaning rolled materials from talc, cleaning the bases from dust and debris, goggles are required; when sifting fillers in the preparation of mastics - respirator "Petal"; in the presence of aerosols, vapors of organic solvents, preparation of cold mastics, priming of bases - RU-60M respirator; in contact with melted mastics - canvas gloves. 1.9. Roofing work should be carried out in the presence of a project for the production of works. 1.10. For violation of labor protection rules and this instruction, the guilty persons are liable in the manner prescribed by law and internal regulations. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. The roofer must put on overalls and make sure that they are in good condition. When working with hot mastics, trousers should be worn only for release. Shoes must be non-slip. Safety devices (belt, rope, portable ladders, etc.) must be tested and tagged in a timely manner. 2.2. It is necessary to be instructed by the foreman on safe methods, techniques and the sequence of the forthcoming work. 2.3. Before starting work, the roofer needs to prepare the workplace, remove unnecessary materials, objects, clean all passages, workplaces from the remnants of mastic, concrete, debris, dirt. 2.4. Prepare tools and equipment for work. Check the serviceability of hand tools: hammer, mallet, chisel, scoop, conical tanks. Handles of hand tools must be smooth, without knots and cracks, made of dry hardwood (birch, maple, oak) and reinforced with wooden (on glue) or metal wedges. The tool must not have knocked down or beveled working surfaces. 2.5. Check the serviceability and strength of rafters, prefabricated roofing panels, parapet gratings. 2.6. Check the presence and strength of temporary fences on the roof, consisting of inventory racks, railings and side boards, at least 15 cm high. 2.7. The number of roofing materials in the workplace should not exceed the shift needs. 2.8. If there are electrical wires on the roof, then before starting work, you must make sure that they are de-energized. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. When working on roof slopes with a slope of more than 20 ° and when finishing roof eaves with any slope, the roofer must use a safety belt and a rope firmly tied to the stable structures of the building. The fixing points must be indicated in advance by the master or foreman. 3.2. When working on a roof with a slope of more than 25 °, as well as on a wet or frosted (snow) roof, in addition to the safety belt, it is necessary to use stepladders 30 cm wide with sewn-on strips. 3.3. Dumping material and tools from the roof is prohibited. 3.4. In order to prevent any objects from falling from the roof onto passing people, safety visors are installed above the passages, external doors. The zone of possible falling of objects is fenced off, and the warning poster "Passage is forbidden" is hung out. 3.5. When storing piece materials, tools and containers with mastic on the roof, it is necessary to take measures against their sliding along the slope or blowing away by the wind. It is allowed to place materials on the roof only in the places provided for by the project for the production of works. 3.6. Manual lifting of any material is prohibited. Materials should be lifted only by means of mechanization. Roofing materials during their lifting should be placed in a special container to protect them from falling out. 3.7. Preparation, cutting, straightening of roofing sheets should be done at the bottom in certain places on the workbench. It is allowed to perform these works in the attic if there is sufficient lighting. For cutting steel roofing sheets, scissors with special rings should be used. Remains and waste of roofing material must not be scattered; they should be removed in specially designated places. 3.8. Roof elements and parts, including compensators, protective aprons, downpipe sections, drains, overhangs, etc., should be delivered to the workplace in a prepared form. Procurement of these elements and parts directly at the workplace is prohibited. 3.9. The receiving platform along the perimeter must have a strong fence 1 m high and a side board of at least 15 cm. 3.10. To prevent roll materials (roofing material, parchment, roofing felt, etc.) from falling from the roof, they should be laid with their ends facing the direction of the roof slope. Tanks with bituminous mastic should be placed on triangular leveling supports. 3.11. The ascent and descent of workers from the roof should be carried out only by internal stairs through the attic floor. In the absence of such stairs, temporary stairs are arranged in accordance with the rules. 3.12. On the roof of asbestos-cement tiles and corrugated sheets, reinforced cement or armored concrete slabs, one should walk in the presence of stepladders or bridges at least 30 cm wide. Stepladders and bridges are hemmed with felt from below to avoid damage to the finished sections. For the passage of workers performing work on the roof with a slope of more than 20 °, ladders are arranged with a width of at least 0 m with transverse bars to stop the legs. Ladders must be secured during operation. 3.13. Covering cornice slopes, gutters, parapets, as well as the suspension of drain funnels and pipes should be made from scaffolds, scaffolds and cradles. 3.14. Before using an electric brush to clean the roof from rust and old paint, check the serviceability of the grounding of the electric motor housing, the condition of the insulation of the wires (they must be enclosed in rubber tubes). The electric brush should be secured with a rope. Do not use the electric brush during rain and on a wet roof. 3.15. When arranging roofs from rolled materials on mastic, it is necessary to follow the rules for cooking, heating, transporting and carrying hot mastics. 3.16. To clean the roofing material from mica dressing with fiber brushes, and from talcum powder - by treating surfaces with kerosene, green soap or other substances. Perform these works in safety glasses and respirators. 3.17. When warming up, carrying the mastic, you should wear shoes with thick soles, a canvas suit / loose trousers / and canvas gloves. 3.18. Mastic preparation sites should be at least 50 m away from flammable buildings, warehouses, stocks of raw materials and fuel should be stored at a distance from the boiler at least:
The site for the installation of digesters must be pre-cleaned and planned. 3.19. Boilers for cooking and heating bituminous mastics must be in good condition and have tight-fitting fireproof lids. Boilers should be filled no more than 3/4 of their capacity. The filler loaded into the boiler must be dry, in pieces of 5 - 10 cm. Near the digester there must be a set of fire fighting equipment: foam fire extinguishers, shovels, dry sand. 3.20. Loading materials into the boiler should be done in a certain order. When using bituminous mastic, first lay bitumen of grade No. 3, and after it melts, add bitumen of grade No. 5, carefully lowering it so that there is no splashing. The addition of cold and wet bitumen No. 3 to the heated mastic is not allowed, as this may cause the release of hot mass. 3.21. During mastic cooking, it is forbidden to bend over the boiler. When loading the boiler and mixing the mass, one should be on the side opposite the furnace door of the boiler. The boiler must be equipped with a maintenance platform. Do not leave the boiler with hot mastic unattended. 3.22. Bituminous mastic should be removed from the boiler using a drain cock. In exceptional cases, it is allowed to take the mastic with a special metal scoop with a wooden handle not less than 1,6 m long. 3.23. It is forbidden to carry mastic in an open container. For carrying, use only special tightly closed tanks that have the shape of a truncated cone. Tank lids must have locking devices that prevent opening in case of accidental overturning. 3.24. To fill with mastic, the tanks should be placed near the digester on a special stand of such a height that the top of the tank is 3-5 cm below the water level of the boiler. In order to avoid splashing the mastic, the tanks should be filled no more than 3/4 of their volume and put in places that exclude tipping and falling. 3.25. It is allowed to carry bituminous mastic tanks manually only on special holders with a handle for two workers. 3.26. The area on the roof for the installation of tanks with hot mastic must be flat, of sufficient size, with a solid fence. 3.28. When applying hot mastic, wear glasses and stand on the windward side. 3.29. It is forbidden to use open fire within a radius of 20 m from the place where bitumen is mixed with organic solvents. The distance from the installation to residential buildings should be at least 200 m. To prevent swelling and splashing of the hot mass during cooking, it should be periodically mixed, preventing moisture from entering. Mixing and scooping should be done with a metal stirrer with a handle at least 1,5 m long. 3.30. Mixing of bitumen with gasoline can be carried out at a distance of at least 20 m from the place of bitumen heating; when mixing, heated bitumen should be poured into gasoline, stirring it with a wooden stirrer. The bitumen temperature must not exceed 70 °C. It is impossible to prepare a primer on leaded gasoline or benzene due to their high toxicity. 3.31. It is allowed to store gasoline on the working site in an amount not exceeding the daily consumption. Tanks and barrels in which the primer is prepared, transported and stored must be tightly closed. Containers with gasoline must not be kept open. It is impossible to come close to the boiler furnace in the overalls doused with gasoline and oiled. Unscrew the caps of barrels containing gasoline or primer, screw the caps on empty containers only with a special tool that does not form a spark. When checking the presence of gasoline in a container, it is forbidden to use open fire for lighting. 3.32. When heating bitumen with propane, the gas installation must be serviced by persons who have a certificate for the right to work on gas fuel. The installation must be equipped with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers. 3.33. Cooking kettles should only be cleaned after they have cooled down to a temperature not exceeding +50 °C while wearing safety goggles. The roofer is prohibited from:
3.34. When installing glass roofs and lanterns, a continuous boardwalk should be arranged under the place of work. When laying ladders on glass lanterns, bars must be nailed to the bottom surface to transfer the load from the ladder to the lantern. As the glazing progresses, the ladder must move. 3.35. Umbrellas under ventilation shafts should be arranged from scaffolds, and under chimneys - from scaffolds firmly fixed to the roof lathing. 3.36. Eating and smoking are prohibited in the workplace. 4. Safety requirements after finishing work 4.1. After the work is completed, the roofer must:
5. Safety requirements in emergency situations 5.1. It is impossible to carry out roofing work during a thunderstorm, ice, fog, wind with a force of 6 balls or more, as well as during rain, heavy snowfall and after dark, if there is not sufficient artificial lighting of the roof itself and approaches to it. 5.2. During the preparation or heating of the mastic, in case of a leak in the boiler, it is necessary to immediately extinguish the fire in the furnace, empty the boiler from the mastic and eliminate the leak. If the mastic ignites, immediately close the boiler with a lid and stop the fuel supply. Do not extinguish the flame with water or snow. Separately burning parts should be covered with sand. 5.3. If smoke is detected or a fire occurs, a fire must be immediately notified to the foreman, a fire alarm should be declared and the fire brigade should be informed using the nearest telephone. At the same time, stop work and take measures to eliminate the fire using the available primary fire extinguishing equipment (fire extinguishers, water, sand, asbestos blankets) according to the source of the fire). 5.4. In the event of accidents or diseases, it is necessary to call an ambulance and, before the arrival of a doctor, informing the foreman, provide first aid to the victim in a timely and correct manner. 5.5. First aid in case of accidents. 5.5.1. First aid for injury. To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material that is placed on the wound, and tie it with a bandage. If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds. 5.5.2. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks. In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso. In case of a skull fracture (unconscious state after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or from the mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion. If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the torso does not bend in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord. In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation. 5.5.3. First aid for thermal burns. In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage. For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol. For second-degree burns (blister), the burnt area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution. For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called. 5.5.4. First aid for bleeding. In order to stop bleeding, you must: 5.5.4.1. Raise the injured limb up. 5.5.4.2. Close the wound with a dressing (from a bag), folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure). 5.5.4.3. In case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.
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