electrical insulating materials. Main parameters. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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electrical insulating materials. Main parameters. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electrical materials

Material permittivity - a value that characterizes the ability of a dielectric to polarize in an electric field and is equal to the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor with a given dielectric to the capacitance of a similar capacitor, the dielectric of which is vacuum.

Loss tangent characterizes the power dissipated per unit volume of a substance. The larger this tangent, the greater the heating of the dielectric.

Dielectric strength is determined by the intensity of a uniform electric field at which an electrical breakdown occurs.

Conductivity of a dielectric characterized by specific volume and specific surface resistance. For low-quality electrical insulating materials (wood, marble), the electrical conductivity value is within 10⁶-10⁸ Ohm-m, for high-quality (PTFE, polystyrene) -10¹⁴-10¹⁶ Ohm.

Material heat resistance - the ability to withstand high temperatures for a long time.

In accordance with GOST 8865-70, electrical insulating materials for heat resistance divided into 6 classes, denoted by Latin letters:

V (up to 90 °C) - fibrous materials made of cellulose, cotton and natural silk, not impregnated with special electrical insulating substances;
А (up to 105 °C) - the same materials, but impregnated;
Е (up to 120 °C) - synthetic materials, films, fibers;
В (up to 130 °C) - materials based on mica, asbestos, fiberglass with organic binding and impregnating compositions;
Р (up to 155 °C) - the same materials, but with synthetic binding and impregnating compounds;
Н (up to 180 °C) - mica, ceramic materials, porcelain, glass, quartz, used with or without binders.

Basic parameters of electrical insulating materials are given in table. 1.1.

Table 1.1. Basic parameters of electrical insulating materials

electrical insulating materials. main parameters

Note: letters next to the name of the material indicate: B - waxy; VL - fibrous; K - ceramic; KP - rubber plastic; P - plastic; PN - plastic with filler; PE - ether-cellulose plastic; PSS - synthetic resin product; CH - natural resin; SS - synthetic resin; CCH - synthetic resin with filler.

Author: Koryakin-Chernyak S.L.

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