Genetic cause of early baldness. Free Technical Library News

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Genetic cause of early baldness

29.03.2022

Independent teams of scientists from the UK and Germany have discovered a new gene that contributes to the development of male pattern baldness. With a combination of both currently known genetic causes of baldness, the risk of this condition increases sevenfold.

Scientists from the Universities of Bonn and Düsseldorf studied more than 500 regions of the human genome in 300 men with severe baldness. As a result, they were able to find a gene on chromosome 20 that promotes early hair loss. This gene can be passed down both maternally and paternally. Early hair loss in father and son may be due to the influence of this factor, says study leader Axel Hillmer (Axel Hillmer).

Previously, the same group of researchers described another gene for baldness, located on the X chromosome and transmitted only through the maternal line. Carrying this gene, which codes for the androgen receptor structure, is the most likely cause of early hair loss in a grandson and his maternal grandfather.

Scientists from King's College London and McGill University (Montreal, Canada) came to similar conclusions. When studying the genome of five thousand white men, they were able to find two genetic variants located on chromosome 20, which are a risk factor for male pattern baldness. Carriers of unfavorable variants of genes located on chromosome 20, as well as on the X chromosome, have a sevenfold risk of developing baldness before reaching the age of 50. According to study leader Tim Spector, about 14% of white men have this heredity.

New data obtained by scientists may lead to the creation of diagnostic tests to identify men prone to early baldness. People with an unfavorable heredity will be able to take preventive measures to reduce the risk of hair loss at a young age.

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Birth control pills affect fear 08.11.2023

Scientific discoveries are lifting the veil of mystery surrounding the effects of birth control pills on the brain and feelings of fear, according to a study by scientists from Canada. This discovery could significantly change our understanding of the relationship between hormonal changes caused by contraception and the brain structure responsible for the perception of fear.

Modern scientific theories claim that hormonal fluctuations in a woman's body during the menstrual cycle can affect the brain's ability to perceive fear. Researchers from Canada set out to better understand the effects of using combined oral contraceptives (COCs) by focusing on the effects of the synthetic sex hormones they contain on brain structure.

Currently, more than 150 million women worldwide use oral contraceptives, and COCs containing synthetic versions of estrogens and progestogens remain among the most popular. The study found that a region of the brain known as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) was thinner in women who used COCs compared to a similar region in men.

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In addition, differences were identified in the structure of the region of the brain responsible for the reaction to fear in men and women, regardless of the use of contraception. This highlights the influence of natural sex hormones on the formation of brain structure.

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