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Labor safety instructions for stonemasons. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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1. General provisions

1.1. The instruction on labor protection (hereinafter referred to as the instruction) was developed in accordance with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On labor protection" and establishes the rules for the performance of work and the behavior of an employee on the territory of the enterprise, in production premises and at the workplace in accordance with state, intersectoral and sectoral regulations about labor protection.

1.2. The instructions apply to all departments of the enterprise.

1.3. In accordance with Article 18 of the Law of Ukraine "On labor protection", an employee is obliged to "know and comply with the requirements of regulatory acts on labor protection, the rules for handling machines, mechanisms, equipment and other means of production, use collective and individual protective equipment, undergo preliminary and periodic medical examinations.

1.4. Depending on the specific conditions of the organization of the production process, as well as in connection with the accidents and accidents, changes and additions may be made to the instructions, which are set out on a separate sheet signed by the head of the relevant structural unit.

1.5. The instruction is a mandatory regulatory document for stonemasons who work in construction.

1.6. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination, course training, and a work safety knowledge test and have received a certificate are allowed to carry out work independently.

1.7. Only masons who have a qualification level of at least 4, are trained in safe operation of these machines and have received a machine operator's certificate are allowed to operate sawing machines.

1.8. The stonemason must undergo the following safety briefings:

a) introductory - when applying for a job;

b) primary - at the workplace;

c) repeated - at least once every 3 months;

d) unscheduled - in case of violation of labor safety requirements, which led or could lead to an accident or accident; when the technological process changes; during a break in work for more than 30 calendar days.

e) target - when performing one-time work not directly related to duties in the specialty, liquidating an accident, natural disaster, performing work for which a work permit, permit and other documents are issued.

1.9. The stonemason must:

• follow the internal labor regulations, instructions of the foreman or foreman;
• remember personal responsibility for compliance with labor protection rules and for the safety of colleagues;
• while at a construction site, be sure to use a protective helmet, special clothing, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment;
• when moving around the construction site, look under your feet so as not to fall into a trench, openings in the ceiling, or trip over objects that may come along the way;
• take special care in winter, when there is ice, off-road, or on slippery roads;
• perform only the work for which the foreman or foreman has been instructed and authorized;
• comply with the rules for carrying weights manually.

1.10. The stonemason is prohibited from:

• allow the presence of unauthorized persons at the workplace, as well as persons in a state of intoxication;
• carry out orders if they contradict labor safety rules and their implementation may lead to an accident;
• perform work in unlit places;
• carry out finishing work at heights without protective fencing of these places;
• carry out work on processing slabs and stones without the use of safety glasses with safety glasses, and grinding work - without safety glasses and respirators;
• work on scaffolding at wind speeds of more than 15 m/s, ice, fog, thunderstorms;
• at height, enter, exit or accept building materials and a self-elevating cradle through window openings, balconies;
• use tools or devices for purposes other than those intended;
• perform work on faulty equipment, work with faulty tools;
• perform work with mechanized power tools from attached and sliding stepladders;
• transfer the electrified tool to other persons. A stonecutter who performs work with electrified tools of class II and III must have electrical safety group I, and a stonecutter who works on electrically driven stone-cutting machines and from a self-elevating cradle must have at least group II. Connection to the power supply network for stone-cutting machines when operating them on a construction site must be carried out only through a protective disconnecting device;
• carry out repairs of electrified tools and equipment. This work is performed by an electrician on duty, who has the III electrical safety group;
• Connect the hand-held power tool to the power supply yourself. Electrical tools, mechanisms, and other current collectors should only be connected to the electrical network using a plug. When performing work outdoors in all cases, and indoors - in conditions of increased danger of electric shock to workers, it is necessary to use manual electric machines of classes II and III. When working with class II electrical machines, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment (dielectric gloves and insulating stands). If there are particularly dangerous conditions for electric shock, workers should use only Class III electrical machines using dielectric gloves and insulating stands;
• touch exposed conductive parts of electrical equipment and exposed wires.

1.11. Fire safety requirements:

• It is prohibited to block the passages to fire-fighting equipment, fire extinguishers, and hydrants.
• Smoking on the construction site is permitted only in specially designated areas equipped with fire-fighting equipment.
• It is allowed to use open fire no closer than 30 m from the place of use and storage of materials.
• Every day before leaving, inspect household premises to identify and eliminate possible sources of fire.

1.12. When facing surfaces with natural stone and artificial slabs, the following dangerous and harmful production factors may occur:

• increased level of dustiness;
• mechanical damage as a result of the flight of accumulated particles during materials processing;
• dangerous voltage level in an electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body;
• insufficient illumination of workplaces or blinding effect of lighting;
• physical overload;
• work at a height of more than 1,3 m.

1.13. To reduce the impact of dangerous and harmful production factors, it is necessary to use the following personal protective equipment:

• cotton suit - wear period 12 months;
• leather boots - wear period 12 months;
• combined mittens - wearing period 1 month.

On outdoor robots in winter additionally:

• cotton jacket with insulated lining - wearing period 36 months;
• cotton trousers with insulated lining - wearing period is 36 months;
• felt boots - wearing period 48 months.

To protect your eyes, you should use colorless safety glasses with unbreakable lenses.

To protect the head from mechanical damage, it is necessary to use a protective helmet.

To prevent falls from a height in the absence of a workplace fence, as well as when working from a cradle, it is necessary to use safety belts with shock absorbers. Each belt must be marked with a test (once every 6 months).

2. Safety requirements before starting work

2.1. Receive instruction from a foreman or foreman on safe methods and sequence of work.

2.2. Inspect and prepare the workplace for work, taking into account the safety requirements for the maintenance of passages, storage of materials, fencing, absence of drafts, etc. Passages, passages and work areas should be regularly cleaned, not cluttered, and those located outside buildings should be sprinkled with sand or slag in the winter. . At workplaces, place materials in such a way that they do not create a hazard during work and do not block passages. The width of passages to and at workplaces must be at least 0,6 m, and the height of passages must be at least 1 m.

2.3. Inspect and check the reliability of the scaffolding. Cladding work at a height of 1,3 m or more above the ground or ceiling should be carried out using scaffolding equipment.

2.4. When working from a cradle, you must obtain a work permit to perform high-risk work, make sure that there is a certificate of testing and acceptance for operation.

2.5. Inspect, check the serviceability and prepare for work hand and electrified tools. On hand-held impact tools (punches, scarpels, chisels), over-hardening, damage (gouges, chips) to the working surfaces, burrs and sharp ribs on the side edges, in places where they are clamped by hand, and on the back of the head are not allowed. Wooden handles of hand tools must be made of hard and tough wood, smoothly processed and securely fastened.

When starting to work with a pneumatic tool, it is necessary to inspect the air hoses along their entire length, check the strength of the connections, as well as the connection of the hoses to the pneumatic tool.

Before operating the machine, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the protective shutdown devices, check the starting and braking devices, the presence and serviceability of guards and protective equipment. The malfunction of the residual current device is monitored by pressing the "control" button. If the control light does not light up, the mason should report this to the work manager so that action can be taken.

2.6. Make sure there is sufficient lighting in the workplace. Illumination should be uniform, without glare. External electrical wiring for temporary power supply at a construction site must be placed at a distance, m:

• 2,5 - over jobs;
• 3,5 - over the aisles;
• 6,0 - over driveways.

Portable lamps should have a voltage of no more than 42 V, and in damp rooms and dangerous places - 12 V.

2.7. Put your work clothes in order - fasten the cuffs, tuck in the clothes so that there are no hanging ends, put on a safety helmet.

3. Safety requirements during work

3.1. Work on cladding surfaces with natural stone and artificial slabs must be carried out in accordance with the work project, technological maps, work process maps, and approved instructions on labor protection in the workplace.

3.2. Unpacking boxes with slabs must be done with caution. Protruding nails should be bent or removed immediately.

3.3. Transportation of slabs from the construction site to the machine and storage areas after sorting and processing must be carried out using a trolley.

3.4. You should start sawing slabs on the machine at full speed of the saw blade. Do not allow it to overheat.

3.5. When processing natural stone slabs on machines, it is prohibited:

• keep hands close to rotating parts;
• feed the processed element with your hands (a template should be used);
• brake the rotating parts of the machine with your hands or any objects.

3.6. If the cutting tool jams, you must turn off the machine and eliminate the cause of the jam.

3.7. It is necessary to clean the machines from stone dust and grains with a brush or a wet cloth in between operations after disconnecting from the power supply and completely stopping the cutting disc.

3.8. When working with a hand tool, it must be pressed tightly against the stone being processed.

3.9. When using an electric drill to drill holes in slabs, the mason must comply with the following requirements:

• securely fix the plate;
• turn on the electric motor only after installing the working tool at the processing site.

3.10. When processing plates with an electric grinder, it is prohibited:

• work without disc safety device;
• when lubricant runs out through the ventilation holes;
• when smoke and the smell of burnt insulation appear;
• if the power cable is damaged.

3.11. When cleaning facing slabs with sandblasting or other pneumatic devices, the workplace must be fenced off.

4. Safety requirements after finishing work

4.1. Disconnect the electrified tool from the mains.

4.2. Clean up the work area and remove all debris and remaining building materials.

4.3. Clean the instrument and put it in the place intended for storage.

4.4. Take off overalls, safety shoes and put them in order.

4.5. Wash your hands and face thoroughly with warm water and soap, lubricate the skin of your hands with nourishing cream.

5. Safety requirements in emergency situations

5.1. In the event of an emergency at the facility, it is necessary to remove people from the danger zone and report what happened to the work manager.

5.2. An accident or an accident should be reported to the master (foreman).

5.3. If the situation does not threaten the life and health of surrounding workers and the expansion of the accident or recurrence of the accident, it is necessary to maintain it as it was at the time of the event.

5.4. The stonemason must know how to provide first aid for injuries.

5.5. If a fire occurs at the facility, you must immediately call the fire department by phone “01” and organize its elimination with primary fire extinguishing means. When extinguishing electrical installations, only carbon dioxide and powder fire extinguishers should be used to avoid electric shock (fired electrical wiring must be disconnected from the network).

5.6. If there are victims, it is necessary to provide them with first aid, if necessary, call an ambulance.

5.7. Providing first aid.

5.7.1. First aid for electric shock.

In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action of electric current by disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect it, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using insulating material at hand.

If the victim has no breathing and pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in the blood circulation of the brain. In this state, the revival must begin immediately, and then call an "ambulance".

5.7.2. First aid for injury.

To provide first aid in case of injury, it is necessary to open an individual package, apply a sterile dressing material, which is placed in it, to the wound and tie it with a bandage.

If somehow the individual package was not found, then a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. must be used for dressing. On a rag that is applied directly to the wound, it is advisable to drip a few drops of tincture of iodine to get a stain larger than the wound, and then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to apply the tincture of iodine in this way to contaminated wounds.

5.7.3. First aid for fractures, dislocations, shocks.

In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be hung with a bandage or handkerchief from the neck and bandaged to the torso.

In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.

If a fracture of the spine is suspected, it is necessary to put the victim on the board, without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach face down, while observing that the body does not bend, in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.

In case of a fracture of the ribs, a sign of which is pain during breathing, coughing, sneezing, movements, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull it off with a towel during exhalation.

5.7.4. First aid for burns with acids and alkalis.

If acid or alkali gets on the skin, the damaged areas must be thoroughly washed with water for 15-20 minutes, after which the acid-damaged surface should be washed with a 5% solution of baking soda, and the burnt with alkali - with a 3% solution of boric acid or an acetic solution. acids.

In case of contact with the mucous membrane of the eyes of acid or alkali, it is necessary to rinse the eyes thoroughly with a stream of water for 15-20 minutes, wash them with a 2% solution of baking soda, and burnt alkali with a 3% solution of boric acid or a 3% solution of acetic acid. acids.

In case of burns of the oral cavity with alkali, it is necessary to rinse with a 3% solution of acetic acid or a 3% solution of boric acid, for acid burns - with a 5% solution of baking soda.

If acid enters the respiratory tract, it is necessary to breathe with a 10% solution of baking soda sprayed with a spray bottle, if alkali enters, a sprayed 3% solution of acetic acid.

5.7.5. First aid for thermal burns.

In case of burns with fire, steam, hot objects, in no case should you open the formed blisters and bandage the burns with a bandage.

For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool soaked in ethyl alcohol.

For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.

For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), the wound is covered with a sterile dressing and a doctor is called.

5.7.6. First aid for bleeding.

In order to stop bleeding, you must:

• raise the injured limb up;
• close the bleeding wound with a dressing (from a bag) folded into a ball, press it from above, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding stops without removing the applied material, put another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure);
• in case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that feed the wounded area is applied by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of heavy bleeding, you should immediately call a doctor.

5.8. Follow the instructions of the head of work to eliminate the emergency.

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