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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Labor protection instructions for road workers. Full document
Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection 1. General provisions 1.1. Persons who have reached 18 years of age and are recognized by a medical commission as suitable for this work are allowed to carry out road work. 1.2. A road worker, upon entering work, must undergo introductory training on labor protection, industrial sanitation, fire safety, techniques and methods of providing first-aid to victims, must be familiarized with the working conditions, rules and benefits for working in harmful and dangerous working conditions, against signature. about the rules of conduct in case of accidents. Before starting work directly at the workplace, the road worker must undergo initial training on safe methods of performing work. On the conduct of introductory briefing and briefing at the workplace, appropriate entries are made in the Logbook for the registration of introductory briefings on labor protection issues and the Logbook for the registration of briefings on labor protection issues. At the same time, the signatures of both the one who was instructed and the one who instructed are required. 1.3. A road worker, after initial instruction at the workplace, must undergo an internship for 2-15 shifts (depending on length of service, experience and nature of work) under the guidance of an experienced qualified road worker, who is appointed by order (instruction) of the enterprise. 1.5. Repeated instruction on the rules and techniques of safe work and labor protection, a road worker must undergo:
1.5. A worker engaged in the construction, reconstruction and repair of highways must work in special clothing and safety footwear provided for by the Standard Industry Standards:
1.6. A road worker must know the requirements for ensuring traffic safety in places where road work is carried out on highways. 1.7. Before starting work, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the hand tool. Wooden tool handles must be made of seasoned hard and tough wood, be comfortable to work with, securely attached to the tool, and their surface must not have crevices or burrs. Impact tools (axes, hammers, sledgehammers, picks, etc.) must have oval handles with a thickened free end. The part of the handle on which the tool is mounted must be wedged with a metal wedge. 1.8. Tanks for transferring hot and rarefied bitumen must be cone-shaped, narrowed at the top, equipped with lids with locking devices and handles for carrying them by two workers. Filling the tank should not exceed 3/4 of its volume. 1.9. Pliers for moving side stones should not have bents, crevices, breaks, or worn out hinge bolts. 1.10. Wheelbarrows for transporting asphalt concrete mass must be easy to move, serviceable and equipped with two legs, and stretchers for carrying hot asphalt must be equipped with sides on three sides. 1.11. Braziers for heating rollers, irons, rakes, shovels, etc. should be easy to move on wheels, located in places that are safe for both road workers and pedestrians or vehicles. It is prohibited to light or burn braziers with liquid flammable materials (gasoline, diesel fuel, etc.). 1.12. Filling cracks in asphalt concrete pavements with emulsions is usually done by mechanical means. When filling cracks manually, you must use closed funnels with nipples 600 mm long, equipped with nozzles of the appropriate cross-section. 1.13. The tool must be stored on the side of the roadway parallel to traffic in a fenced area. Rakes that are used to level the asphalt concrete mass, as well as forks, in all cases should be placed with their teeth down. 1.14. A road worker must work facing the traffic flow moving on the oncoming lane of the roadway. 1.15. When constructing or repairing roadways with open vehicle traffic, it is prohibited to work without fencing and the necessary road signs. 1.16. During work, it is prohibited to go beyond the fence onto the road that is open to traffic. 1.17. It is prohibited to carry out work in the dark without lighting or in insufficient lighting, as well as during fog, heavy rain and snowfall. 1.18. The maximum weight of cargo moved manually by one worker (male) should not exceed 30 kg; by a woman - 7 kg, and when carried by a stretcher together - no more than 50 kg, including the weight of the stretcher. Carrying loads on a stretcher along a horizontal path is permitted in exceptional cases at a distance of no more than 25 m. It is forbidden to carry material on steps and ladders. 1.19. It is prohibited to touch downed wires or carry out road work near them. 1.20. When performing road work, you must be attentive to the signals given by road machine drivers and technological transport drivers. 1.21. A road worker who has a certificate for the right to work with them is allowed to work with hand tools, equipment and other devices with an electrical or mechanical drive. 1.22. Digging trenches is permitted only after receiving information about the exact location of underground communications. It is prohibited to use impact tools (crowbars, picks, wedges and pneumatic tools) directly near live cables and gas pipelines. 2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Before starting work, the road worker must wear proper protective clothing and personal protective equipment. 2.2. Put your overalls in order, button up your sleeves, tuck your hair under your headdress, tuck in your clothes so that their ends do not hang. 2.3. Check the serviceability and completeness of the tool by external inspection. 2.4. Install a barrier fence and the necessary road signs. 3. Safety requirements during work 3.1. Each worker must perform only the work for which he is assigned. It is prohibited to unauthorizedly turn on or off mechanisms that the worker is not authorized to service. 3.2. It is prohibited to walk between moving road construction machines and mechanisms, stand on the running boards or frames of working machines, climb into the bunker of an asphalt paver, or rest on working parts while they are stopped. 3.3. It is prohibited to stand near the dump truck and asphalt paver while loading the mixture into the paver hopper. 3.4. When cleaning the body of a dump truck from adhering asphalt concrete mixture, it is prohibited to climb into the body or stand on the wheels of the vehicle. Clean the body only with a shovel (scraper) with an extended handle 2 m long. 3.5. It is prohibited to remove large stones, gravel and other foreign objects from the hot mixture with your hands. To do this, use a rake or shovel. 3.6. During the spill of bitumen emulsion from asphalt distributors in the process of priming, surface treatment, impregnation, etc., road workers are prohibited from being closer than 6 m from the distribution pipes. For robots with hot bituminous materials, this distance must be increased to 10 m. 3.7. When rolling an asphalt concrete mixture, it is prohibited to approach working rollers at a distance closer than 7 m. 3.8. To avoid burns, spraying bitumen on the edges of chopped asphalt concrete should only be done on the windward side. 3.9. Only a worker who has a slinger's license is allowed to install curved beams, side stones, trays, parapets and other concrete products using a crane. 3.10. A road worker engaged in preparing paint and applying road markings must use personal protective equipment (goggles, respirators, rubber gloves) during work and observe labor safety measures provided for when working with paints and nitro enamels. 3.11. While a set of concrete placing machines is operating, it is prohibited to clean the rail molds, stand on the screed and processing beams, or clean the walls of the concrete paver hopper while it is moving. 3.12. When performing work on applying film-forming material to a cement-concrete coating, you should stand on the windward side so that it does not come into contact with unprotected parts of the body. 3.13. When working with film-forming material, the road worker must wear special clothing, a respirator, safety glasses and rubber gloves. Exposed areas of the body should be lubricated with Vaseline before work. After work, you must thoroughly wash your hands and face with soap, and, if possible, take a shower. 3.14. When working with pneumatic tools, the following labor protection measures must be observed:
3.15. The voltage of portable electrified tools should be no more than 42 V. When working with them, you must wear dielectric gloves. 3.16. It is prohibited to operate an electrified tool during precipitation. 3.17. Work with electrified tools must be stopped immediately if the working part becomes stuck or jammed, the electric motor overheats, there is a breakdown in the insulation, or if the worker feels even a weak current. 3.18. It is prohibited for workers to repair or adjust electrified tools themselves. 3.19. When unloading road construction materials (stone, gravel, sand, etc.) from vehicles, the road worker is prohibited from being near the vehicle on the unloading side. 3.20. When storing bricks, paving stones, etc. The height of the stack should not exceed 1,2 m. Stones can only be removed from the stack from the top. 3.21. It is prohibited to throw stones and other construction materials on the roadway where vehicles pass. 3.22. To unload, carry and manually install side stones, concrete trays, blocks and other structures, it is necessary to use special grips. 3.23. It is prohibited to split stones with a hammer or sledgehammer directly near workers. When splitting stones, you must wear safety glasses. The range of throwing stones manually should not exceed 2 m. 3.24. Loading stones, checkers or paving stones onto vehicles manually should be done from one side. All workers involved in loading should stand at approximately the same distance from the vehicle. 3.25. When working on the slopes of excavations and embankments with a depth (height) of more than three meters and a slope steepness of more than 1:1, with a wet slope surface of more than 1:2, additional labor protection measures should be taken to prevent possible falls and sliding along the surface of the slope (stepladders, safety belts and etc.). 3.26. In soils of natural moisture with a disturbed structure, in the absence of groundwater in nearby underground structures, pits and trenches can be dug with vertical walls without fastening to a depth of no more than:
3.27. When frost occurs, it is necessary to clear the slopes of stones so that they do not roll into pits and trenches during the thaw. 3.28. The plank fastenings of pits or trenches should be dismantled from the bottom up as the soil is backfilled. 3.29. Fill pits or trenches only in the presence of a master or with his permission. 4. Safety requirements after finishing work 4.1. At the end of the work, the road worker must clean the tools, devices and place them in the designated place. 4.2. Tidy up your workspace. Cover pits and wells with shields, fence them off and take measures against the possible fall of people and animals into them. 4.3. All malfunctions of hand and power tools should be reported to a mechanic or workman. 4.4. Road workers working on the road, upon completion of work, must take off their overalls, safety shoes and safety devices, clean them of dust and other dirt and put them in a designated place for storage. 4.5. After finishing work, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower. To wash hands contaminated with bitumen or tar, use diesel fuel, kerosene, soda ash and soap. 5. Safety requirements in emergency situations 5.1. If you notice violations of labor safety requirements by other workers or a danger to the environment, you should warn people about the danger. 5.2. If exposed or torn wires, power cables, leakage of petroleum products from pipelines, or the smell of gas from gas pipelines located near the highway are detected, the road worker must report this to the foreman or local government authorities. 5.3. In winter, under unfavorable weather conditions (blizzard, ice, etc.), the road worker must leave the work area to the nearest populated area. 5.4. If there is a meteorological warning of a thunderstorm or strong wind - 15 m/sec - it is necessary to leave the work area. It is prohibited to hide under trees. 5.5. In case of fire of fuel, bitumen or tar, it is prohibited to use water to extinguish them, as it may boil violently or be released along with the flammable liquid. To do this, cover the flame with sand, earth, or cover the fire source with a tarpaulin. 5.6. In case of accidents, a road worker must be able to provide first aid to the victim, if necessary, call an ambulance and notify the administration.
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