Instruction on labor protection for the installer of technological equipment

Free technical library

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Labor protection instructions for installers of process equipment. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

Comments on the article

Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. These labor safety instructions are intended for installers who install process equipment and related structures.

1.2. The installation of technological equipment has its own characteristics and is associated with constantly changing conditions, which obliges the installer to constantly exercise caution, properly organize the workplace and comply with all safety requirements.

1.3. Workers who are at least 18 years old, who have undergone a medical examination, have professional skills, have completed course training in safe methods and techniques, have passed exams and have a labor protection certificate in the established form are allowed to carry out independent work on the installation of technological equipment and related structures.

1.4. Workers who are no younger than 18 years old and no older than 60 years old, who have passed a medical examination, who have at least one year of experience in steeplejack work and a tariff grade of no lower than third, who have completed coursework on labor protection, who have passed exams and who have a certificate for the right to produce, are allowed to perform independent steeplejack work works, having undergone safety training directly at the workplace.

1.5. Installers of complex teams must be instructed and trained in safe practices for all types of work they perform.

1.6. An installer performing work in a related profession must comply with the requirements of the labor protection instructions for the related profession.

1.7. An installer working with power tools must be trained and certified for qualification group I in safety precautions, and those performing work on electric tack must have qualification group II.

1.8. The installer must:

1.8.1. comply with internal labor regulations. It is prohibited to consume, as well as be in the workplace, the territory of the organization or during working hours in a state of alcoholic, narcotic or toxic intoxication. Smoking is allowed only in specially designated areas;

1.8.2. use means of individual and collective protection;

1.8.3. while at the construction site, use a safety helmet;

1.8.4. comply with the requirements of safety signs (warning, prescriptive, prohibitory and indicative), monitor the presence of barriers to hazardous areas in the workplace;

1.8.5. perform only the work for which the master has been instructed and approved;

1.8.6. have a certificate of labor protection with you;

1.8.7. be able to provide first aid to the victim at work;

1.8.8. take measures to eliminate violations of safety regulations. Immediately report all violations of safety regulations and cases of injury to yourself or a fellow worker;

1.8.9. remember personal responsibility for compliance with safety regulations and for the safety of fellow workers.

1.9. The installer, in accordance with the category assigned to him, must know:

1.9.1. methods for unpacking equipment, cleaning and washing parts;

1.9.2. arrangement of mounted equipment, methods of performing plumbing and assembly work;

1.9.3. methods of installation and alignment of equipment;

1.9.4. safety requirements when carrying out installation and repair work at height, in operating workshops, in especially dangerous and especially harmful working conditions;

1.9.5. types and purpose of rigging equipment and fixtures;

1.9.6. requirements for slings, ropes, chain hoists and their rejection rates;

1.9.7. methods of slinging and slinging of equipment and metal structures;

1.9.8. sign alarm during installation;

1.9.9. the procedure for transporting equipment to the installation area and installing it on foundations;

1.9.10. rules for testing, regulation and adjustment of equipment;

1.9.11. conditions for safe operation of cranes near an active power line;

1.9.12. rules for the use of hand tools.

1.10. Dangerous and harmful production factors:

electricity;
moving and rotating parts of production equipment;
transported goods;
work at height;
chemicals used to prepare pastes and cleaning solutions;
acid.

1.11. For non-compliance with the requirements of this instruction, the employee is liable in accordance with applicable law.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Wear proper overalls and special footwear required by standards, and protective equipment in accordance with the conditions and nature of the work performed.

2.2. Receive a task from the master and instructions on safe ways to complete the task received. Familiarize yourself with the work project or technological map.

2.3. Inspect the workplace, put it in order, check the lighting, the presence and serviceability of fences. Hatches and openings, channels and wells in floors and foundations for equipment should be blocked or fenced off.

2.4. Workplaces located above the ground or ceiling at a height of 1,3 m and above must be fenced.

2.5. If it is impossible or impractical to install fencing, the installer must wear a safety belt. The location for attaching the carabiner of the safety belt must be indicated in advance by the master.

The belt must be stamped with the number and date of the test, which is carried out every 6 months. If there is no test mark or if the test period has expired, do not use the belt.

2.6. Scaffolding and scaffolding must be inventoried. Non-inventory ones are allowed for production only in exceptional cases according to a project approved by the chief engineer of the installation organization.

2.7. Start working on scaffolding and scaffolding only with the permission of the foreman and after inspecting them.

2.8. Wooden ladders must have a length of no more than 5 m. The steps (rungs) must be cut into strings and fastened with tie bolts at least every 2 m.

It is not allowed to use ladders nailed down without cutting the rungs into the strings.

2.9. Before use and every six months, wooden stairs must be tested with a static load of 120 kg applied to one of the steps in the middle of the flight of stairs, installed at an angle of 75° to the horizontal plane.

2.10. The lower ends of the ladder must have supports in the form of sharp metal spikes or rubber tips, depending on the condition of the supporting surface, and the upper ends must be fixed to durable structures or elements.

2.11. Suspended metal ladders with a height of more than 5 m must have metal arches with vertical connections and be securely attached to structures or equipment.

2.12. Before starting work on the cradles, check the reliability of the cradles; the ropes at the points where they are connected to the cradle and to the winch must be securely fastened without contact with sharp edges.

2.13. Prepare hand tools; they must be in good working order and meet the following requirements:

wooden handles must be made of hardwood (beech, dogwood, hornbeam, birch) with a moisture content of no more than 12%, smoothly processed and securely planted;
hammers and sledgehammers must have a slightly convex surface, without burrs, gouges and cracks, tightly seated and wedged with steel wedges;
bits, punches, chisels, screwdrivers, cross-cutters should not be shorter than 150 mm;
files, hacksaws, screwdrivers with a pointed non-working end must be firmly secured in a smooth and even, cleaned handle;
The wrenches must match the size of the nuts and bolt heads. The working surfaces of the wrench jaws must be parallel and free of dents and burrs.

2.14. Tools used for aiming and aligning holes (crowbars, plugs, mandrels) should not be bent, upholstered and should not have cracks or burrs.

2.15. Chisels, wedges and bolts with broken or slanted heads are not permitted.

2.16. If any malfunctions, shortcomings or ambiguities are found, report to the foreman and do not begin work until they are eliminated.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Place tools, devices and necessary material, parts for performing the work in a convenient and safe place.

3.2. Perform only work for which you have received safety instructions and are authorized by the foreman.

3.3. Installation and dismantling of equipment should be carried out in accordance with the work project or technological map and technical conditions of the manufacturer.

3.4. The equipment should be supplied to the installation area in the technological sequence and the order in which it is installed on the foundation.

3.5. The equipment to be placed in the installation area should be installed on leveled and compacted areas, and in winter - on areas cleared of snow and ice.

3.6. It is not permitted to support (lean) equipment and structures against fences, elements of temporary and permanent structures, or lay them on steam, water, and gas pipelines or electrical cables.

3.7. Long and bulky equipment, steel structures, large-grade and sheet metal should be placed in a stack no more than 1,5 m high on pads and spacers 100-200 mm high so that the sling or gripping device can fit into the gap.

3.8. Heavy equipment and its parts measuring more than 1 m should be placed in one row on pads.

3.9. Pipes with a diameter of up to 300 mm should be placed in a stack up to 3 m high on pads and gaskets with end stops, and with a diameter of more than 300 mm - in a “saddle” stack up to 3 m high without gaskets. The bottom row should be laid on pads reinforced with inventory metal shoes or end stops.

3.10. Loading and unloading work of a one-time nature at site sites not covered by the work project must be carried out according to the technological map approved by the chief engineer of the enterprise.

Work should be carried out mechanically using cranes or loaders.

3.11. A mechanized loading and unloading method is mandatory for cargo weighing more than 50 kg, as well as when lifting cargo to a height of more than 3 m.

3.12. The maximum weight of loads carried manually on a flat and horizontal surface per worker should not exceed:

12 - 18 kg - for male teenagers from 16 to 18 years old;
50 kg - for men over 18 years old.

Carry materials on a stretcher along a horizontal path only in exceptional cases at a distance of no more than 25 m.

3.13. When depreserving and cleaning equipment:

3.13.1. clean the surfaces of equipment parts from corrosion, paint coatings and grease stains using pastes and cleaning solutions in an open area or in a room equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation;

3.13.2. the workplace where re-preservation is carried out must be equipped with:

special boxes for cleaning materials;
means of extinguishing fires;
relevant warning and prohibition posters;

3.13.3. chemicals used to prepare pastes and cleaning solutions must have manufacturer certificates;

3.13.4. Installers who have received special instructions at the workplace are allowed to work with pastes and cleaning solutions;

3.13.5. workers involved in the preparation and application of pastes, solvents and other compounds must be provided with rubber shoes, gloves and PO-3 safety glasses;

3.13.6. preparation and performance of work related to the use of pastes, solvents and cleaning solutions should be carried out under the guidance of a responsible person appointed by order of the organization from among specialists;

3.13.7. when preparing the etching solution, you need to pour the acid into the water so that the solution does not eject;

3.13.8. to prevent skin diseases from exposure to solvents, varnishes, and petroleum products, use KHIOT-6 paste; to prevent skin diseases from exposure to solutions of acids, alkalis and various emulsions, use IER-2 paste;

3.13.9. Before starting to work with solvents, apply the paste in an even layer to cleanly washed exposed parts of the body (hands, neck, face); When finished, rinse with warm water.

3.14. During fitting and fitting works and installation of equipment:

3.14.1. plumbing and fitting work (filing, scraping, lapping, etc.) should be carried out in protective closed glasses ZP2-84 or ZP1-90;

3.14.2. When cutting metal with hand hacksaws, ensure that the blade is securely fastened and that the part is securely fastened. To prevent the saw from slipping on the metal and injuring your hand, make a cut with a triangular file;

3.14.3. when working with a scraper, cover the second end with a special case or handle;

3.14.4. When cutting metal with a chisel, use safety glasses, and when working together with other workers, install a protective mesh screen;

3.14.5. When pressing and unpressing parts using a sledgehammer and a drift, hold the latter with pliers or a special grip. The punch should be made of soft metal. The person holding the drift should stand to the side of the person working with the sledge hammer;

3.14.6. Remove metal shavings and sawdust with a brush, and wipe the surface to be rubbed with a clean rag. Blowing away sawdust and shavings is not allowed;

3.14.7. Before lifting and installing on foundations, parts and components of the mounted equipment should be cleared of dirt, snow, ice and foreign objects, and joint elements and assembly joints should be cleared of oil, rust and burrs;

3.14.8. when installing (supporting) the equipment on the foundation, it is not allowed:

install linings for equipment that is on weight;
check the alignment of the holes with your fingers (to do this, use crowbars, mandrels or plugs);
climb and descend on the equipment;
to be and carry out work on a hoist, winch or other lifting mechanism mounted on jacks or suspended (or under it), if a sleeper cage, linings or strong trestles are not installed under it, ensuring reliable stability of the equipment;

3.14.9. when working on scaffolding, cradles and scaffolds, observe the following requirements:

avoid overloading scaffolding, scaffolding;
climb onto the scaffolding using ladders, the upper ends of which must be secured to the crossbars of the scaffolding;
do not sit down or lean on railings and fences when performing work;
clean the flooring from remnants of installation materials and debris, and in winter from snow and ice;
do not lift cargo on ladders;
passages under scaffolding, scaffolding and cradles should be fenced and warning signs posted;
do not stack loads on the flooring of scaffolding and scaffolding;

3.14.10. When performing work on the territory of an existing enterprise (workshop), installers are obliged to:

obtain a work permit signed by the chief engineer of the installation organization and the responsible representative of this enterprise;
receive on-the-job training, which should be conducted by the site foreman and a representative of the enterprise;
familiarize yourself with the approval certificate drawn up by the administration of the enterprise and a representative of the installation site;
comply with the safety requirements of this enterprise;

3.14.11. the installation work area must be fenced, and safety signs, warning signs and signs must be posted in particularly dangerous areas;

3.14.12. The installer is not allowed to leave the workplace without the permission of the foreman or foreman;

3.14.13. operating equipment located in the installation work area must be de-energized and turned off.

If the existing communications of the workshop (gas pipelines, electrical cables, etc.) are located within the installation area and cannot be disconnected, they must be fenced with protective nets or casings;

3.14.14. when performing work on existing equipment, workplaces must be located on a solid floor;

3.14.15. installation, dismantling and repair of equipment in operating workshops and installations where the release of explosive gas is possible should be carried out using tools made of non-ferrous metals or coated with copper. Work should be carried out under the guidance of a foreman and with the participation of a gas rescue station employee.

When installing equipment in these rooms, it is prohibited:

use open fire, as well as mechanisms and devices associated with the possibility of sparking. Heating of devices is allowed only with warm water or steam;
leave oily cleaning materials lying loose; they must be collected in a metal box and removed from the premises upon completion of work;
throw metal parts, tools and other materials that cause sparks when they fall;
walk in shoes lined with metal nails and horseshoes;

3.14.16. When installing equipment for oxygen installations, it is not allowed to use oily rags and gaskets, or work with oily hands; all tools must be thoroughly degreased, and the parts must be laid on wooden floors;

3.14.17. when working in existing workshops, the installer is prohibited from:

approach operating devices and mechanisms in the workshop without the permission of the foreman;
touch valves, gate valves and control instruments of operating equipment with your hands;
enter existing departments and bays of the workshop that are not permitted by the permit.

3.15. Testing of installed equipment without load (idle) is carried out under the guidance and command of a foreman in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and technical requirements for the installation of this equipment.

3.16. Before testing the equipment, the installer must:

3.16.1. familiarize yourself with the procedure, safety measures and timing, know your immediate functions during testing;

3.16.2. check the fastening of equipment on foundation bolts, the presence and serviceability of fences, starting and braking devices;

3.16.3. make sure there are no foreign objects on moving and rotating parts of the equipment;

3.16.4. check the presence of lubrication of rotating and moving parts and components of the machine;

3.16.5. Before starting the equipment, at the command of the work manager, give a warning signal and do not allow unauthorized persons into the danger zone.

3.17. During testing, monitor the general operation of the machine, the supply of lubricant, the runout of shafts, pulleys, gears, and the appearance of high-pitched noise.

3.18. It is not permitted to make any corrections to defects while the equipment is operating.

3.19. Elimination of detected defects, inspection, cleaning and lubrication, as well as tightening of bolts and all fasteners should be carried out only with the equipment completely stopped and disconnected from power sources.

At the same time, post warning signs on the starting devices: “Do not start, the machine is faulty” or “Do not turn on - people are working!” and etc.

4. Requirements for labor protection during the operation of lifting machines and mechanisms

4.1. Installers are allowed to control a lifting machine controlled from the floor and suspend a load on the hook of this machine without first tying up a load that has loops, eye bolts, axles, or is located in containers or other containers, or when the load is grabbed by semi-automatic gripping devices. trained according to the abbreviated slinger program and having the appropriate certificate.

4.2. Strapping, as well as hanging the load on the hook of a lifting machine controlled from the cabin, must be done by a slinger.

4.3. Installers with qualification characteristics that provide for the performance of work on slinging cargo may be allowed to act as slingers, and their admission is recorded in the labor protection certificate.

4.4. Before starting work, the installer must check and prepare lifting devices (slings, ropes, chains, traverses, etc.); they must be labeled with the number, load capacity and test date.

4.5. Slings should not have rusty, burnt, disheveled strands, as well as twists, knots, fractures and cuts. There should be no breaks, cracks, delaminations or kinks on the parts of chains, pliers, traverses and containers.

4.6. The rope must be rejected if it has approximately more than 10% of broken wires at one step of a cross lay and more than 8% for a single-sided lay, as well as if there is wear (drawing) and corrosion of more than 40% of the original diameter of the wires or one completely broken strand.

4.7. When using floor-operated hoists, check:

serviceability of lifting mechanisms, operation of brakes and hook lift height limiter;
the presence of a plate indicating the next test period;
the presence and reliability of fastening of the protective grounding (cable) to the metal body of the push-button control;
no jamming of the control buttons in the sockets;
the condition of the rope and the correctness of its winding on the drum.

4.8. If any malfunction is detected or if the testing period for the mechanism has expired, do not start work, report this to the foreman.

The installer is not allowed to eliminate the detected faults.

4.9. Use only serviceable blocks; the axis of the block must be firmly and motionlessly fixed in the cheeks using crossbars, nuts or cotter pins; the blocks and hook, suspension and cheeks must not have cracks or other defects.

4.10. It is not allowed to use damaged or unlubricated blocks that have a broken flange or worn out bushings.

4.11. Slinging (hitching) should be carried out according to diagrams developed at the enterprise, which should be posted at the work site or handed over to the slinger.

4.12. Slinging of cargo for which slinging schemes have not been developed should be carried out in the presence and under the guidance of the person responsible for the safe performance of work.

4.13. To lift the load to a height, use semi-automatic slings with a lock, allowing for remote unslinging from the ground or from the workplace.

4.14. When tying the load, apply ropes to its main mass (frame, frame, bed), and place wooden pads under the edges of the load to protect the slings from chafing.

4.15. When hooking equipment onto eyebolts or bosses, the force in the sling must be directed along the axis of the eyebolt or boss; to do this, place spacers between the slings or use traverses.

4.16. Before lifting a load with a crane, you should:

make sure that the load is not secured by anything, is not held by other weights or bolts;
when lifting cut structural elements, make sure that the element is completely cut off;
check the correctness of the slinging of the load;
if the center of gravity is not known, determine it by several lifts;
check the reliability of the brake when lifting a load close in weight to the lifting capacity of the machine; to do this, raise the load by 0,2 - 0,3 m and hold for 5 - 10 minutes;
warn the crane operator, whose signals he must obey while moving the load.

4.17. Before lifting and moving equipment, make sure that there are no people near the crane or in the moving area. Moving loads over people is prohibited.

4.18. To move the load horizontally, it should be raised 0,5 m above objects encountered along the way. The slinger is obliged to leave the danger zone and accompany him from the side or behind.

4.19. To turn, as well as to prevent spontaneous turn during lifting, moving and lowering, use special guys (hooks, ropes).

4.20. While lifting and moving the load, it is prohibited to hold slings that are slipping off the load, to correct them with blows of a crowbar or hammer, or to level the load with the weight of your body.

4.21. Before lowering the load to the installation site, the installer must:

4.21.1. preliminary inspect the place, make sure that it is impossible for the load to fall, tip over or slide;

4.21.2. lay reliable linings for easy removal of slings and subsequent slinging;

4.21.3. remove the slings from the load or crane hook only after the load is securely placed on the supports and, if necessary, secured.

4.22. The installer is not allowed to strap (hitch) or move the load:

the mass of which he does not know or with a mass of cargo exceeding the lifting capacity of the crane;
with damaged or unmarked lifting devices and containers;
closer than 30 m from the outermost wire of the power line without a permit or with a permit, but without the presence of a person responsible for the safe performance of work with a crane;
with oblique tension of the rope;
with a wind force of 6 or more.

It is forbidden to drive the mooring ropes and chains with which the load is tied into the hook mouth by blows of a hammer or other objects.

4.23. Before using the hand winch, check:

serviceability of the brake device and ratchet with a dog;
fastening strength of the rope on the drum and the drum on the shaft;
fastening on the shafts of gears and their condition;
the presence of lubrication in bearings;
handle condition.

4.24. Electric and manual winches must not have broken teeth, worn bearings, damage to the drum, defects in the brakes, or bent bolts in the frame.

If you find any malfunction, report to the foreman and do not start work without his instructions.

4.25. Fastening winches, hoists, blocks and guy wires to building elements - columns, beams, trusses, etc. - produce only with the permission of the master; It is prohibited to suspend hoists or blocks from pipelines, scaffolding and construction trusses.

4.26. When working on winches, observe the following rules:

monitor the movement of the load, avoid jerks and jolts to avoid rope breakage, strictly follow the signals of the foreman or work manager;
do not slow down the winch with planks or other objects, placing them between the gears;
do not leave the winch unattended when lifting or lowering the load is temporarily stopped and the load is suspended;
do not remove the installed guards from the winch;
when unwinding the rope on the drum, leave at least 1,5 turns;
When winding the rope onto a drum, it must lie in the correct turns in each layer of winding.

If winding is incorrect, stop work. It is not allowed to guide the rope with a hook, stick or hand during work.

4.27. It is prohibited to leave the cargo hanging, and in extremely necessary cases, fence the area under the cargo or set up a guard.

4.28. Raising and lowering a load with a winch is carried out at the command of a person appointed by the foreman, and the “Stop” signal is carried out regardless of who gave it.

4.29. When working with a jack, check:

for the rack and pinion - the serviceability of the ratchet with the pawl, the gear rack and the presence of spikes on the head;
for a screw type - the serviceability of the screw and nut (if the threads of the nut and screw are worn more than 20%, the jack is not allowed to be used);
hydraulic and pneumatic jacks must be equipped with devices (check valve, diaphragm) that ensure slow and quiet lowering of the rod and stopping its movement in the event of damage to the pipes supplying or discharging liquid (air).

4.30. Install rack and screw jacks with jacking and overjacking gaskets; hydraulic and pneumatic - on a metal base with a plywood pad placed on it. In all cases, a plywood gasket is installed on the jack head.

4.31. When lifting a load, monitor the position of the load, the condition of the gaskets and the stability of the jack, preventing the load from moving from the jack.

4.32. Do not lift or lower a load whose weight exceeds the lifting capacity of the jack, and do not hold the jack head with your hands.

4.33. When using a hydraulic jack, monitor the pressure gauge readings. It is not allowed to stand against the safety plug.

5. Labor protection requirements when working with a mechanized tool

5.1. Persons who have undergone industrial training, have qualification group I in safety precautions and have a corresponding entry in the certificate are allowed to work with power tools.

5.2. The use of power tools is permitted only in accordance with the requirements and purpose specified in the manufacturer’s passport and operating instructions.

5.3. The installer is not allowed to disassemble or repair the tool. If defects are found during inspection or during operation, return the tool to the tool room and report this to the foreman.

5.4. When working with power tools, use closed-type safety glasses ZP2-84, ZPZ-84.

5.5. Manual electrical machines must meet the following requirements: have a protection class of at least II, double or reinforced insulation;

quickly turn on and off from the mains (but not spontaneously);
be safe to operate and have live parts inaccessible to accidental contact;
the integrity of the insulation is checked by an electrician.

5.6. Before connecting the electric machine to the network, check that the voltage and frequency indicated on the instrument plate correspond to the voltage and frequency of the electrical network to which it is connected.

5.7. It is not permitted to connect the machine to switchgear unless there is a safe plug connection.

5.8. Starting the machine is allowed only after installing its working element in the initial working position.

5.9. It is prohibited to operate the electric machine in rooms with chemically active environments that can destroy the insulation.

5.10. While working with a power tool, it is not allowed:

pull and bend the tool cable, allow it to intersect with cables, live electric welding wires, as well as with hoses for supplying oxygen, acetylene and other gases;
use replaceable working parts with a shank that does not correspond to the dimensions of the bushing, with knocked down or bent cones, mandrels, spindles and clogged washers;
transfer the tool to another person without the permission of the master;
allow the machine to heat up.

The heating temperature of the electric motor housing above the ambient temperature should not exceed 25°C.

5.11. It is not allowed to operate power tools in open areas during rain and snowfall. As an exception, work is allowed if there are awnings at the workplace and with the mandatory use of dielectric gloves, galoshes and mats.

It is not allowed to use the tool on icy or wet wooden parts.

5.12. In particularly dangerous rooms and in rooms with an increased risk of electric shock to people, as well as outdoors when working with power tools, the voltage should not exceed 42 V.

5.13. In particularly dangerous rooms and under unfavorable conditions (in boilers, tanks, etc.), it is allowed to work with power tools with a voltage of no higher than 42 V with the mandatory use of protective equipment (dielectric gloves, mats, helmets, etc.).

5.14. Pneumatic manual machines must meet the following requirements:

valves on the handles of machines must open and close easily and quickly, be tightly fitted and do not allow air to pass through in the closed position;
the tool must have tightly fitting and correctly centered shanks without unevenness, chips, gouges, cracks or other damage;
rubber-fabric hoses must correspond to the size of the fitting or nipple and have a manufacturer's mark indicating the pressure for which they are designed.

5.15. Attaching hoses to machines and valves, as well as disconnecting them, is permitted only when the valves are closed.

5.16. The hoses are connected to pneumatic machines and the hoses are connected to each other using fittings or nipples with proper threads (ring grooves) and tie clamps.

5.17. Connect hoses to the compressed air pipeline only through valves installed for this purpose on air distributors or outlets from the main line.

It is not allowed to connect the hose directly to the main.

5.18. Before attaching the hose to the tool, it must be thoroughly blown with compressed air from the network. At the same time, direct the air stream upward.

5.19. Connect and disconnect the hose only after stopping the air supply (with the valve closed).

5.20. It is allowed to turn on the air supply to hand-held machines only after the tool has been installed in the working position, tightly pressed to the workpiece.

5.21. When installing an abrasive wheel on a grinder, check:

absence of cracks on it (you should tap the end surface of the circle with a light wooden hammer; a rattling sound will indicate the presence of cracks);
presence of marking; do not use unmarked circles in work.

5.22. It is permissible to work with a pneumatic grinder if it is equipped with a protective casing.

5.23. During work, if an air leak is detected in the hoses, if the hose breaks, if it is replaced, and also during every break in work, shut off the valves.

Stopping the air supply by sharply bending the sleeve or tying it is prohibited.

5.24. When moving from one place to another with connected machines, the working part must be removed (drill, chisel, crimp, reamer, etc.).

5.25. Replace the working element, change attachments only after disconnecting the tool from the power source and stopping it completely.

5.26. When working near flammable materials, explosive vapors or dust, use special tools that do not create sparks and only with the permission of the specialist.

5.27. During breaks in work, it is not allowed to leave the tool unattended with the engine running, or connected to the electrical network or compressed air network.

5.28. When working with a heavy tool (weighing more than 8 kg), it is necessary to use special devices for hanging or installing it.

It is forbidden to work with mechanized tools from ladders.

5.29. When carrying an electric or pneumatic tool, hold it by the handle of the body, and the electric cable and air hose are rolled into a ring.

5.30. When starting to process a workpiece or part with a pneumatic or electric tool, make sure that the part or workpiece is securely fastened and cannot turn during processing.

5.31. Do not clean the surfaces of the part to be treated with bare hands (use a brush or broom).

5.32. When working with a power-driven rotary tool, do not keep your hands near the rotating cutting tool, and be careful not to grab your work clothes with the tool.

5.33. When working on an emery machine, follow the rules:

do not stand in the plane of rotation of the abrasive wheel;
use a protective screen and a handy;
if there is no screen - goggles;
Do not sharpen the tool on the side edges of the wheel; bring the tool in smoothly, without jerking or sharp pressure.

5.34. If any malfunctions are detected (the wheel breaks, potholes have formed, or the suction does not work, etc.), do not start working on the machine and report the malfunctions to the foreman.

6. Electrical safety requirements

6.1. To avoid electric shock, do not touch exposed live parts of electrical equipment, exposed wires, and do not make independent corrections or connections to electrical wiring.

6.2. Immediately report all cases of broken electrical wires, malfunctions of grounding devices and other damage to electrical equipment to the foreman.

6.3. Temporary electrical wiring at workplaces must be carried out with insulated wire on reliable supports, the lowest point of the wire must be at a height of at least 2,5 m above the workplace, 3,5 m above the passages, 6 m above the passages.

6.4. Electrical wiring installed at a height of less than 2,5 m from the ground, floor, flooring must be enclosed in pipes or ducts.

In case of hanging lamps at a height of less than 2,5 m from the floor, use a voltage not higher than 42 V.

6.5. The installer is not allowed to install or replace electric lamps. This work must be performed by the electrician on duty.

6.6. For portable lamps, use factory-made lamps specially designed for this purpose, which exclude the possibility of touching live parts. They must have a metal mesh to protect the lamp, a device for hanging them and a hose wire with a plug.

It is prohibited to use stationary lamps as hand-held portable lamps.

We recommend interesting articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection:

▪ Carrying out walks, hikes, excursions, expeditions. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ Battery maintenance. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ A furniture detailer who glues parts on pneumatic clamps with conductive heating. Standard instruction on labor protection

See other articles Section Standard instructions for labor protection.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

By analyzing user actions, the phone works longer 30.03.2014

Apple intends to increase the battery life of the iPhone. And one of the ways that can help her in this is to study user behavior. In a patent application published by the US Patent and Trademark Office, developers propose equipping a smartphone with a function that analyzes the battery discharge cycles of a mobile device.

Based on the results of the analysis, the smartphone will be able to predict what exactly the user is going to do in the near future: start a game, turn on a movie, or simply put the smartphone in a pocket or on a table for several hours.

Based on this knowledge, the iPhone will be able to adjust the smartphone's operating parameters: for example, reduce the processor clock speed so that it consumes less energy during the period when the device is not in use, and increase it only at certain times when it is necessary.

"If the user has bought coffee - which can be determined by a transaction through an electronic wallet or by GPS coordinates, it can be assumed that for the next 20-30 minutes he will rest and therefore start either reading the news on a smartphone or playing a game. In this case, it is in our interests to ensure its maximum performance," the engineers gave one of the examples.

The rest of the time, the processor can operate at a lower frequency, saving battery. It is this scheme that Nvidia adheres to in its two latest mobile processors, Tegra 4 and Tegra 5. In these chips, in addition to 4 main cores, there is a fifth core, which is responsible for performing standard operating system functions when maximum performance is not required.

In addition to changing the clock frequency, the device will be able to adjust the brightness of the screen, reducing it when the user enters a dark room. Now this is done by the light sensor, but its work can be made more efficient by analyzing the preferences of the owner of the mobile device, Apple is sure.

Other interesting news:

▪ 100-core processor EZchip TILE-Mx100

▪ Expanding the capabilities of the GSM / GPRS modem MAESTRO 100

▪ Toshiba Medium Voltage Photo Switch for Industrial Applications

▪ Tennis racket electronic shock absorber

▪ ThinkVision 3 27D glasses-free 3D monitor

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Preamplifiers. Article selection

▪ article Berk king of heaven. Popular expression

▪ article Why is the Sargasso Sea remarkable? Detailed answer

▪ article Behind the stern, in a foamy jet. Children's Science Lab