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Occupational safety instructions for the operator of the KARA YS circular saw. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

Introduction

This manual has been developed on the basis of:

a) "Instructions on labor protection for machine operators of woodworking machines (single-saw, multi-saw machines, thicknessing and four-sided planing machines, jointing, milling, drilling and drilling-grooving machines, tenon cutters, lathes, circular sticks, band saws, carpentry machines, combined machines)", approved by the Minister of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation on May 11.05.2004, XNUMX;

b) TOI R-15-057-97 "On labor protection for machine-cutters engaged in longitudinal cutting of lumber", approved. Department of the Forest Complex of the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation on December 15.12.1997, XNUMX;

c) Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance "Circular saws. KARA YS",

taking into account the requirements of legislative and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation containing state regulatory requirements for labor protection, and is intended for machine operators of the KARA YS circular saw machine (hereinafter referred to as machine operators) when they perform work according to their profession and qualifications.

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Persons who have reached the age of 18, who have undergone a medical examination and are recognized as fit to perform this type of work, who have been instructed, trained and tested on labor protection, fire safety, first aid, and who have received permission to self-study, may be allowed to work on the machines. work, a labor protection certificate and having a qualification certificate for the right to operate woodworking machines.

1.2. Machine operators combining professions must be trained in safe working methods and be instructed in labor protection in all work performed.

1.3. The machine operator must be trained in the operation of the machine.

1.4. Machine operators must:

1.4.1. know and comply with the internal labor regulations of the organization;

1.4.2. know the design, technical characteristics of the machine and near machine mechanisms, the arrangement and purpose of all its parts and near-machine mechanisms, fences and safety devices, the grounding point of the electric motor and starting devices of the machine and near machine mechanisms;

1.4.3. be able to identify malfunctions of the machine, its devices and mechanisms;

1.4.4. know the requirements for circular saws, how to install a cutting tool, cutting modes;

1.4.5. know the procedure and techniques for the safe performance of work operations on the machine and related equipment.

1.4.6. perform only the work assigned by the master;

1.4.7. be able to provide first (pre-medical) assistance to the victim in an accident;

1.4.8. know how to use primary fire extinguishing equipment.

1.5. The following dangerous and harmful production factors may affect the machine operator during work:

1.5.1. moving machines and mechanisms; moving parts of production equipment;

1.5.2. moving products, blanks, materials;

1.5.3. increased dust content in the air of the working area;

1.5.4. elevated temperature of equipment surfaces;

1.5.5. increased and decreased air temperature of the working area;

1.5.6. increased noise level in the workplace;

1.5.7. increased level of vibration;

1.5.8. increased air humidity;

1.5.9. sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surface of workpieces, tools and equipment;

1.5.10. insufficient illumination of the workplace;

1.5.11. toxic and irritating chemicals that affect the human body;

1.5.12. physical overload;

1.5.13. neuropsychic overload.

1.6. Sources of factors: rotating circular saws; feed mechanisms; lumber.

1.7. Effects of factors: possible contact of the hands of a worker with rotating circular saws; getting hands under the pressure rollers of the feed mechanism; contact with moving and rotating parts of the machine; reverse departure of the processed material; departure of small scraps, knots; negative impact of noise on the hearing organs.

1.8. The machine operator is obliged to work in personal protective equipment (cotton suit; cotton jacket with insulated lining and cotton trousers with insulated lining for outdoor work in winter; safety shoes with a metal toe cap; combined gloves; goggles; hearing protection) issued by the workshop foreman in accordance with Model Industry Standards for the Free Issue of Workwear, Safety Shoes and Other Types of Personal Protective Equipment.

1.9. At the workplace, fire safety rules must be observed. Smoking only in designated areas. Persons in a state of intoxication who are on the territory of the enterprise, both during working and non-working hours, are subject to immediate removal from the territory of the enterprise with the drawing up of an act of dismissal from production.

1.10. Organizational management of the work is carried out by the master directly or through the foreman, whose orders and instructions are binding on all workers.

1.11. Employees are responsible for violation of the requirements of this instruction in accordance with applicable law.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Check the availability and serviceability of personal protective equipment. Get them in order.

2.2. Wear overalls, shoes, headgear, other personal protective equipment. Clothing should not restrict movement and have hanging ends that can be caught by moving parts of the mechanisms. Shoes should be on non-slippery soles, with low heels. Hair should be tied up under the headdress.

2.3. Check the status of the workplace:

2.3.1. there should be no foreign objects that may impede work;

2.3.2. the illumination should be such that defects in the wood and small details are clearly visible, and workers can work without straining their eyes. The light should not blind the eyes;

2.3.3. there should be no foreign objects on the moving parts of the machine and guards;

2.3.4. access to starting devices should be free if they are at a distance from the machine; There must be no foreign objects on the control panel.

2.3.5. technical working temperature for the machine "KARA YS": -20 - +30ºС;

2.3.6. the workplace must be provided with tools, fixtures and equipment for repair and adjustment, cleaning and cleaning.

2.4. Check all safety signs (inscriptions) for their presence, cleanliness and legibility. It is necessary to replace damaged safety signs (inscriptions) in a timely manner. If any part of the machine was replaced that had a safety sign (safety label), make sure the new part has the same safety sign (sticker).

2.5. Carry out an external inspection of the machine and make sure:

2.5.1. in good condition of electrical equipment and grounding devices of electrical wiring, electric lighting, starting and blocking devices by turning on the machine for a short time (the starting device of the machine must be interlocked so that turning on the machine is possible only after turning on the local exhaust ventilation of the machine). All current-carrying parts of the electrical devices of the machine must be carefully insulated, and the body of the electric motor and the starting device must be grounded. All electrical component covers must be closed and securely fastened;

2.5.2. in sufficient tension and reliable stitching of drive belts and serviceability of chains, sprockets and gears;

2.5.3. in the efficiency of the brake device (the machine must be equipped with a brake device that allows you to stop the working body of the machine (circular saw) for no more than 6 seconds after turning off the machine);

2.5.4. in the presence of fences, their serviceability and reliability of fastening. The lower, non-working part of the saw (under the table) must be closed with a solid fence;

2.5.5. in good condition of the tool, the presence of a hook;

2.5.6. in the reliability of locking the control lever in the zero position.

The gap for the saw in the machine table should be no more than 10 mm;

2.6. When ripping on a single-saw machine, a riving knife must be installed behind the saw in the same plane with it. Rivet knives fitted to rip saws must meet the following requirements:

2.6.1. the edge of the knife facing the saw should be sharpened by no more than 1/5 of its width;

2.6.2. the thickened part of the knife must have a size exceeding the width of the saw set by 0,5 mm for saws with a diameter of up to 600 mm and 1-2 mm for saws with a diameter of more than 600 mm;

2.6.3. the distance between the pointed part of the knife and the rear teeth of a saw of any diameter should not exceed 10 mm.

2.6.4. the blade of the riving knife must be located strictly in the plane of the saw no further than 10 mm from its teeth, and the upper part of the knife should protrude from the material being sawn no less than the height of the upper teeth.

2.7. Adjust the front guides to the size of the saw blade being used so that the distance from the outer edge of the guide to the tooth root is approximately 2 - 5 mm.

2.8. Adjust the top saw blade guard in height so that the top of the saw blade is at least 30 mm inside the guard. The bottom edge of the top cover must be at least 10 mm below the top edge of the separating knife.

2.9. Test the operation of the machine and near-machine mechanisms at idle, make sure that there is no runout and axial run-up of the saw shaft.

2.10. Check the direction of rotation of the saw by briefly switching it on. The saw blade must rotate towards the feed material.

When installing the saw on the saw shaft, tighten the nut until it stops.

2.11. On the machine, check the correct installation and fastening of the saw blade and make sure:

2.11.1. in the correctness of profiling and sharpness of its sharpening;

2.11.2. in the absence of cracks, burrs, bluing;

2.11.3. the presence of teeth and the uniformity of their divorce;

2.11.4. that the saw guard over the table is in good condition and that it is correctly installed;

2.11.5. availability and serviceability of the saw guard under the machine table;

2.11.6. in sufficient illumination of the workplace.

2.12. The table cannot be driven up to the limiters, as they are safety limiters in case of a break in the supply chain of the table.

2.13. Faults discovered during the inspection and testing of the machine that prevent its safe operation, if it is impossible to eliminate them on their own, should be reported to the foreman. It is forbidden to work on a machine that has malfunctions.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. The employee must perform only the work that is entrusted to him by his immediate supervisor. It is forbidden to allow unauthorized persons into the working area of ​​the machine.

3.2. All workplaces and walkways should be cleared, and in winter, slippery places should be sprinkled with anti-slip materials.

3.3. When servicing equipment, workers can only move along established safe passages.

3.4. The machine operator must be attentive during work, not be distracted himself and not distract others.

3.5. Before turning on the machine, warn the persons working together and make sure that its start-up does not endanger the safety of others.

3.6. Start sawing the material only at a steady speed of rotation of the saw blade (determined by the sound characteristic of the saw at full engine speed).

3.7. Before sawing the material, it is necessary to carefully examine it in order to prevent the supply of wood with metal objects to the saw.

3.8. On the machine, process parts only according to the thickness of a given size, to the height of which the pressure rollers are installed.

3.9. It is necessary to ensure that the pressure rollers provide uniform and reliable pressure.

3.10. Do not transmit or receive any items through a running machine.

3.11. Do not check the accuracy of processing the part on machines in the working area until the machine stops completely and is de-energized.

3.12. The supply of sawlogs and sawn timber to the cutting tool should be carried out evenly, without jerks, avoiding impacts on the wood, reducing the feed force in the presence of longitudinal cracks, rot, knots in the board.

3.13. Move lumber (boards, slabs) to the work table only with a hook. It is forbidden to take the board by the end with your hands.

3.14. If the sawn boards (half-beam) are curved, then it is necessary to lay them with the vault down. If the beam is fed into the machine with the convex part up, then the saw body may be clamped by sawn boards and the board may be thrown back.

3.15. Remove scraps stuck in the slots only when the saw has come to a complete stop using a special hook.

3.16. Inspection, cleaning, adjustment, lubrication of the machine, fastening of guards, installation or replacement of the belt, manual cleaning of scraps and sawdust from the table should be carried out only after the cutting tool has completely stopped, the machine has been de-energized and the sign "Do not turn it on! People are working."

3.17. Never assume the power is out and don't take other people's word for it; check the power failure and lock the breaker.

3.18. The machine operator must immediately stop the machine:

3.18.1. when there is abnormal noise, knocking, vibration of the machine and saw;

3.18.2. in case of breakage of fences, fixtures, machine parts and saw teeth;

3.18.3. when a blockage gets into the slot of the table insert, between the saw and the stop ruler or under the cap of the fence;

3.18.4. when the saw and bearings overheat, as well as when smoke or a burning smell appears;

3.18.5. in the event that a malfunction of the insulation of the electrical wiring and "beating on the body" of the electric motor, machine bed or electric starting equipment are detected;

3.18.6. in the event that the drive belts or chains fall off or unfold.

If the ends of the boards rest against the riving knife, it is necessary to stop the machine and set the riving knife correctly.

3.19. The machine operator must clean the workplace and clean the machine regularly, as necessary, avoiding the accumulation of waste and materials that interfere with normal operation.

3.20. The replacement of used saws should be carried out for adjustable saws after 2-3 hours of operation, for carbide saws - after 10 hours of operation.

3.21. To change the saw and other working bodies, clean the machine, clean the workplace, you should use auxiliary tools (wrench, hook, shovel, brush, scraper, etc.).

3.22. It is forbidden:

3.22.1. slow down the saw by pressing any object on the surface of the disk or teeth;

3.22.2. be in the plane of the working saw in the zone of possible ejection of the processed material, since in the event of a malfunction of the safety devices of the saw, the ejection of the processed material is possible from the machine;

3.22.3. inspect, put your hands under the guards of the saw blade until it stops completely when scraps get into the slot;

3.22.4. climb over, pass through roller tables, conveyors, conveyors, fences, etc.;

3.22.5. sawing several boards, slabs at the same time without a special device that ensures their clamping to the guide ruler and table;

3.22.6. when feeding a bar into the machine, stand against its end;

3.22.7. straighten the beam after it is captured by the parcel rollers;

3.22.8. process icy boards in the machine;

3.22.9. leave the machine unattended;

3.22.10. open and remove barriers;

3.22.11. climb on the table when the machine is working;

3.22.12. touch a moving table or a moving log;

3.22.13. fixing the guide line with clamps;

3.22.14. wear rings, watches and metal objects when working near open electrical equipment;

3.22.15. tighten the nuts securing the cutting tool with hammer blows and a chisel;

3.22.16. lengthen the handles of wrenches in any way.

3.23. When the machine operator leaves the workplace, it is necessary to turn off the machine and make sure that all mechanisms have stopped.

3.24. There must be good rapport between staff members, for example by using hand signs in various situations.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of an emergency, an accident or a situation that could lead to an accident or an accident, the machine operator is obliged to immediately stop the machine with the "Stop" button, turn it off and put up a poster on the control panel: "Do not turn it on. People are working." Maintain the situation as it was at the time of the incident. If the situation threatens the life and work of others, proceed to the evacuation of people and the elimination of the consequences of the emergency.

4.2. If the engine overheats, stop it and let it cool down. Do not cool the engine with water or snow.

4.3. If there is a knock, vibration, a change in the characteristic noise, overheating of the cutting tool, bearings, the smell of burning or smoke, the breakage of the saw teeth, immediately stop the machine.

4.4. If it is necessary to eliminate a malfunction that has arisen during operation and maintenance, it is necessary to turn off the engine.

4.5. If a fire or fire is detected, immediately inform the fire brigade, proceed to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing equipment.

4.6. The victim or eyewitness must notify the foreman or the appropriate work manager of each accident or fire.

4.7. Each employee must be able to provide first aid. Assistance must be provided immediately directly at the scene, guided by the provision of first (pre-medical) aid to victims of accidents. The first step is to eliminate the source of injury (turn off the engine, stop the mechanism, remove the victim from under the log, timber, etc.). The provision of assistance should begin with the most significant that threatens the health or life of a person: in case of severe bleeding, apply a tourniquet, and then bandage the wound; if a closed fracture is suspected, apply a splint; with open fractures, you should first bandage the wound, and then apply a splint; for burns, apply a dry bandage; in case of frostbite, gently rub the affected area using soft or fluffy tissues.

If spinal injuries are suspected, the victim can only be transported in the supine position on a rigid base.

After providing first aid, the victim should be sent to the nearest medical facility.

4.8. In cases not provided for by this instruction, contact the foreman (head) of the workshop (section) for a specific solution.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Upon completion of work, you should:

5.1.1. turn off the machine and near-machine equipment;

5.1.2. put in order the workplace, machine tool, near-machine equipment, passageways: clean from sawdust, waste processing parts, dust and debris;

5.1.3. put tools and accessories in a special cabinet;

5.1.4. clean clothes, shoes. It is forbidden to blow clothes, floor, equipment with compressed air;

5.1.5. check the serviceability of all components and parts. If it is impossible to eliminate faults on your own, report them to a mechanic or foreman.

5.2. Any deficiencies in the field of labor protection must be reported to the foreman or the relevant work manager.

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