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Instructions on labor protection for the electromechanic of communication during the operation of ASCO. Full document

Occupational Safety and Health / Standard instructions for labor protection

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Safe Operation

1. General requirements for labor protection

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who are recognized as fit for production by a medical examination, who have at least one year of work experience in these jobs and have a telephone category of at least III, who have been trained and checking knowledge of the rules, norms and instructions for labor protection, including this instruction, as well as those who have a certificate for the right to carry out these works, who have received instructions at the workplace on safety during the performance of work.

1.2. Communication electricians (electricians) when performing work on the equipment of an automated public warning system (ASCO) must be appointed by order of the organization.

1.3. Communications electrician (ASCO) is obliged to:

1.3.1. Comply with the rules of internal labor regulations;

1.3.2. Know the device of the equipment (ASCO).

1.3.3. Know and comply with the rules on labor protection when working at telephone enterprises in the scope of the duties performed, annually confirm the III electrical safety group;

1.3.4. Know the procedure for checking and using manual mechanical and power tools, devices to ensure safe work (ladders, ladders, etc.), protective equipment (dielectric gloves and carpets, tools with insulating handles, voltage indicators, safety glasses);

1.3.5. Perform only the work that is defined in the operating instructions for the equipment or job descriptions approved by the administration of the enterprise, and provided that safe methods of doing it are well known;

1.3.6. Know and be able to provide first aid to victims of electric current and other accidents;

1.3.7. Follow the instructions on fire safety measures.

1.4. When servicing equipment (ASCO), the following hazardous and harmful production factors are possible:

• dangerous voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body, electric shock, electric arc burn;
• insufficient illumination of the working area;
• fire hazard;
• falling from a height of personnel while working on ladders and ladders;
• falling objects from a height (tools, equipment elements).

1.5. The victim or eyewitness immediately notifies the immediate supervisor of each accident at work.

1.6. The administration of the enterprise is obliged to provide the personnel working with the equipment (ASCO) with overalls, footwear and PPE in accordance with industry standards.

1.7. The electrician is responsible for the preparation of the workplace, including, but not limited to, carrying out work without de-energizing.

1.8. For non-compliance with this instruction, the perpetrators are held accountable in accordance with the internal labor regulations or penalties determined by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. Put on and carefully tuck in special clothing (dressing gown) and technological footwear (slippers) established in accordance with current standards, avoiding hanging ends and constraint when moving.

2.2. Check and verify the availability and serviceability of the fixed tool, devices to ensure safe work performance, personal protective equipment, fire extinguishing equipment.

2.3. Check the condition of general and ordinary lighting.

2.4. Do not carry out any work on the repair of fixtures, equipment, etc., if this is not part of the employee's responsibilities.

2.5. Report all shortcomings and malfunctions found during the inspection at the workplace to the shift supervisor for taking measures to eliminate them completely.

2.6. Place the tool in the workplace with maximum ease of use, avoiding the presence of unnecessary items in the work area.

2.7. Check the availability of a first aid kit.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Work only in serviceable and carefully fitted overalls and safety shoes, use personal protective equipment required at this workplace in accordance with current standards.

3.2. Do not allow ignition of fire, smoking, sparks in electrical appliances during operation (ASCO) (except for repair work carried out with the written permission of the technical manager of the enterprise).

3.3. Use portable lamps with a voltage corresponding to the classification of the room according to the degree of danger.

3.4. Checking the presence of voltage should only be carried out with a tested and tested tool.

3.5. It is forbidden to use protective equipment whose expiration date has expired.

3.6. Do not touch live parts with bare hands. If it is necessary to work on current-carrying parts, use a tool with dielectric handles and work with dielectric gloves.

3.7. When working on electrical equipment, use portable grounding, fences, stands and hang out safety signs.

3.8. When electrical equipment is taken out for repair, it is necessary to make a double break in the power supply with warning and prohibition signs posted. In this case, an entry is made in the operational log.

3.9. In front of battery boards, rectifiers and power distribution boards, dielectric carpets with a length corresponding to the length of the electrical installation must be laid.

3.10. To the equipment (ASCO) the admission of persons with a qualification group below the 2nd is allowed only under the supervision of a person servicing this installation.

3.11. When servicing the equipment (ASCO), the following precautions must be observed:

3.11.1. Do not allow persons who are not related to their maintenance to service the equipment (ASCO);

3.11.2. All repair work with the equipment (ASCO) should be carried out only after disconnecting the DC and AC voltages from the rectifier or turning off the repair switch;

3.12. All types of repair work on rectifier installations must be carried out with a complete removal of voltage with the execution of a work order.

List of works performed on ASCO equipment

Work performed along the way:

1. Removal (extraction) of the main panel of the P-164A block for repair with replacement of elements;

2. Installation of the main board P-164A after repair;

3. Elimination of installation defects in the P-164A block;

4. Checking the reliability of connecting the power wires (voltage 380V) of the P-164A unit.

Works performed under the order:

1. Checking and repair of cables connecting P-164 blocks (except for P-164A) with communication channels and external interfaced equipment and power supply system;

2. Removal of dust and dirt from the internal surfaces of blocks P-164 P, D, E, C, R, T;

3. Voltage regulation of secondary power sources of subunits SP-1, SP-2, SP-3, SP-4, SP-5.

Works performed in the order of current operation:

1. Inspection and cleaning of the external surfaces of the blocks;

2. Checking the performance of blocks P-164 on command No. 2;

3. Comprehensive check of blocks P-164 by commands: "1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6";

4. Checking documentation and accessories;

5. Checking and preventive inspection of the installation of sub-units (except for p-164A panels);

6. Measurement of output voltages of secondary power supplies, sub-power supplies;

7. Balancing check, measurement of levels and control of the form of signals of a parcel;

8. Control of the levels of control signals over the channel and subscriber lines;

9. Measurement of levels of confirmation signals ("answer");

10. Control and setting the level of speech information.

3.13. A person performing work near live parts under voltage should be positioned so that these live parts are in front of him and only on one side. It is forbidden to perform work if live parts under voltage are located at the rear or on both sides.

3.14. The fuses must be replaced with the voltage removed, if the voltage cannot be removed, then the fuses must be changed under voltage up to 1000 V, but always with the load removed, using insulating pliers, wearing goggles and dielectric gloves.

3.15. Measurements with portable devices and current clamps must be carried out by two persons, one of whom must have an electrical safety group not lower than IV, and the second - not lower than III.

3.16. While working with the equipment (ASCO):

3.16.1. It is not allowed to light an open fire, smoking;

3.16.2. A portable 12 V safety lamp should be used;

3.17. When performing soldering work on technological equipment, the presence of other workers in the immediate vicinity of the place of soldering is prohibited.

3.18. Soldering processes can be accompanied by air pollution. Lead contamination of the surface of the skin of the hands, as well as the oral cavity, can occur.

3.19. When performing soldering at non-fixed workplaces, it is necessary to use trays to place soldering irons, solder and other materials on them.

3.20. Before eating or smoking, wash your hands well with soap and rinse your mouth with water.

3.21. It must be remembered that lead and its oxides are poisonous, they should not be allowed to come into contact with the skin.

3.22. When fluorescent lamps fail, the electrician must remove the burned-out lamps from the fittings and put them in a special metal container. Lamps must be intact during transport and storage.

3.22.1. It is necessary to monitor the serviceability of the fire extinguisher and always keep it in full readiness for use;

3.22.2. In case of fire, use an OU-type fire extinguisher, as well as sand or a tarpaulin;

3.22.3. It is necessary to monitor the serviceability of the fan guard, do not touch the fan blades, its drive belts, pulleys and clutches of the fuel pump drive of the charging generator during the operation of the unit, both with hands and with a tool in order to avoid accidents;

3.22.4. It is impossible to lubricate, adjust and wipe a running engine;

3.22.5. During the operation of the equipment (ASCO) it is forbidden to allow unauthorized persons.

4. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

4.1. Each employee who discovers violations of the requirements of this instruction, labor protection rules or notices a malfunction of the equipment that poses a danger to people is obliged to report this to the immediate supervisor.

In cases where a malfunction of the equipment poses a threatening danger to people or the equipment itself, the employee who discovered it is obliged to take measures to terminate the operation of the equipment, and then notify his manager about this. Troubleshooting is carried out in compliance with safety requirements.

4.2. If an accident occurs during work, it is necessary to immediately provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to his immediate superior and take measures to preserve the situation of the accident, if this is not associated with a danger to life and health of people.

4.3. In case of electric shock, it is necessary to release the victim from the electric current as soon as possible, in case of working at height, take measures to prevent him from falling. The equipment should be disconnected using the plug-in connector switches, cut the supply wire with a tool with insulated handles. If it is impossible to turn off the equipment quickly enough, other measures must be taken to free the victim from the action of the current. To separate the victim from current-carrying parts or wires, use a stick, board or some other dry object that does not conduct electricity; at the same time, the assisting person must stand on a dry, non-conductive place, or wear dielectric gloves.

4.4. In the event of a fire in a technical room, it is necessary to immediately start extinguishing it with the available means (carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, asbestos blankets, sand) and call the fire department.

4.5. If extraneous voltage is detected at the workplace, work should be stopped immediately and reported to the shift supervisor.

4.6. If you smell gas, you must immediately call the emergency gas service, inform the management of the enterprise, organize the evacuation of personnel from the building, do not turn on or off the pantographs, and ensure natural ventilation of the room.

4.7. In case of violation of the operating mode, damage or accident on the power-supplying equipment, the electrician must independently take measures to eliminate the malfunction and report the incident to the immediate supervisor or the person responsible for the electrical economy.

5. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

5.1. Make the necessary switch-offs. De-energize devices and equipment that are unnecessary for work. Make an entry in the log of work performed on the completion of work.

If the repair work on the electrical equipment is completed, then it is necessary to remove the portable grounding, warning prohibition signs, about which to make an entry in the operational log.

5.2. Tidy up your workspace. Remove tools, accessories, overalls and protective equipment to the designated place.

5.3. Ensure the fire safety of the premises.

5.4. Inform the shift worker (shift supervisor) about all malfunctions noticed during work and the measures taken to eliminate them. Hand over the shift and the keys to the EPU premises

5.5. Wash face and hands thoroughly with warm water and soap. Rinse your mouth well with water, and in the case of work related to lead, be sure to neutralize lead with a 1% solution of acetic acid or OP-7 paste before washing your hands.

Annex 1. List of overalls, technological footwear and other personal protective equipment for electricians

Appendix 2. List of sanitary facilities for electricians EPU

Annex 3. List of accounting documents for power supply devices of automatic telephone exchanges with a capacity of 2000 or more numbers

1. Inventory log of the main equipment (equipment log).

2. Journal of work performed.

3. Operational (operational) log.

4. Battery magazine.

5. Journal of electricity consumption.

6. Journal of accounting and verification of protective equipment.

7. Journal of accounting and verification of portable power tools.

8. Passport for grounding device.

9. Journal of briefings.

10. Journal of 3-stage control over the state of labor protection.

Annex 4. List of protective equipment and devices for electrical installations of hydraulic structures

1. Voltage indicator 1 pc.

2. Tool with insulating handles 2 sets

3. Insulating pliers 1 pc.

4. Rubber dielectric gloves 2 pairs

5. Galoshes 2 pairs

6. Carpets, insulating pads 2 sets

7. Insulating stands and insulating ladders, 1 pc.

8. Portable grounding more than 2 pcs.

9. Warning posters 2 sets

10. Safety glasses used when changing fuses, when working with electrolyte, when grinding collectors, 1 pc.

11. Respirators and gas masks, 1 pc.

12. Suit, apron, boots and gloves used for working with electrolyte, 1 set each

13. Temporary fences 2 sets

14. First aid kit 1 pc.

15. Discharge insulating rod 1 pc.

16. Operational insulating rod 1 pc.

17. Electrical clamps Ts-4501 1 pc.

Annex 5. Work with hand tools

1. Before you start working with a hand tool, you need to make sure that it is in full working order: the correct attachment of the hammer, sledgehammer, ax, whether the metal is split along the edges of the hammer, sledgehammer.

2. Crowbars must be straight, with drawn and pointed ends.

3. The heads of sledgehammers and hammers must have a smooth, slightly convex surface without gouges, chips, potholes, cracks, burrs and hard work.

4. The handles of the percussion tool must be made of dry wood of hard and viscous species without knots and slant, with a smooth surface and wedged with pointed wedges.

5. The chisel should not be shorter than 150 mm, the length of its drawn part is 60-70 mm. The point should be sharpened at an angle of 65-70 degrees, the cutting edge should be a straight or slightly convex line, and the side edges should not have sharp edges in the places where they are gripped by the hand.

6. When working with a chisel or other hand tool for cutting metal, workers must be provided with safety glasses with safety glasses and cotton gloves.

7. Screwdrivers must have insulating handles without cracks or chips. The working part must correspond to the diameter of the screw and. slot width.

8. Wrenches must strictly match the dimensions of the nuts and bolts. The jaws of the keys must be parallel. Their working surfaces should not have knocked down bevels, and burr handles. It is forbidden to unscrew nuts and bolts by extending the keys with second keys or pipes. Each key must be clearly marked.

9. The position of the tool at the workplace should eliminate the possibility of it rolling or falling: it is prohibited to place the tool on the railing of fences or the unprotected edge of the site, scaffolding and scaffolding.

10. When carrying or transporting the tool, its sharp parts should be protected with covers or otherwise.

11. When using a tool with insulating handles, it is forbidden to hold it behind stops or shoulders that prevent fingers from slipping towards metal parts.

12. It is forbidden to use a tool with insulating handles, in which dielectric covers or coatings do not fit tightly to the handles, have swelling, delamination, cracks, shells, etc.

13. Tools with insulating handles should be stored indoors on shelves or racks, do not touch heaters and be protected from sunlight and moisture.

14. Tools with insulating handles shall be tested.

15. Power tools, hand-held electrical machines, portable transformers and lamps must be safe in operation, not have live parts accessible for accidental contact, not have damage to the housings and insulation of the supply wires.

16. All power tools must be stored in a dry place, have an inventory serial number, be accounted for and checked at least once every 1 months.

17. Grounding of the body of a power tool for voltages above 42 V must be carried out using a special core of the supply wire, which must not simultaneously serve as a conductor of the working electric current.

18. When using power tools, their wires or cables should be suspended whenever possible. Direct contact of wires and cables with metal hot, wet and oily surfaces or objects is not allowed.

19. In the event of a power outage while working with a power tool or when work is stopped, as well as when the employee leaves the workplace, the power tool must be disconnected from the mains.

20. If during work an employee notices a malfunction of a power tool or feels even a slight effect of an electric current, he is obliged to immediately stop working and hand over the faulty tool for inspection and repair.

21. Electric lamps must be equipped with a safety net with a reflector and a hanging hook.

22. When working in rooms with increased danger, lamps with a voltage of not more than 42 V are used. When working in especially unfavorable conditions - not more than 12 V.

23. Metal cases of measuring instruments and casings of portable transformers and their secondary windings must be grounded.

24. The length of the hose wire for connecting the step-down transformer to the network should not exceed 2m.

Appendix No. 6. Characteristics of classes of electrical products

Annex 7. Work at height

1. All parts of ladders and step-ladders must have a smooth planed surface, not have cracks.

2. Work at height includes those works in which the employee is above 1,3 m from the surface, soil, ceilings or working platform, and in electrical installations - above 1 m.

3. It is forbidden to use wooden ladders and step-ladders knocked down with nails, without cutting the steps into the bowstrings and without fastening the bowstring with bolts.

4. The length of the ladder should ensure the possibility of performing work while standing on a step located at a distance of at least 1 m from the upper end of the ladder, should not exceed 5 m. In case of insufficient length, it is forbidden to arrange support structures from boxes, barrels, etc., as well as to install ladders with an angle of inclination to the horizon of more than 75 degrees without additional fastening of the upper part.

5. The lower ends of ground-mounted portable ladders must have sharp-tipped fittings, and when used on smooth and rough floors, must have shoes made of rubber or other non-slip material. If necessary, the upper ends of the ladders must have special hooks.

6. Platforms for ladders with a height of 1,3 m or more must have fences or stops.

7. Sliding step-ladders must have a locking device that excludes the possibility of spontaneous extension during operation.

8. It is forbidden to work from the two upper steps of stepladders that do not have railings or stops, and ladders, as well as to be on the steps of more than one person.

9. It is forbidden to move at a height from a ladder or ladder to another.

10. It is forbidden to work on ladders near and above running machines, conveyors, etc., as well as using electric and mechanized tools.

11. Before starting work on the ladder, it is necessary to ensure its stability, and then, by inspection and testing, make sure that it cannot slip or be accidentally moved.

12. If it is not possible to securely fix the top of the ladder, as well as when working in places with the movement of people, in order to prevent the ladder from falling from accidental shocks, it is necessary that another worker hold the ladder.

13. To work at height on the flights of staircases, special floorings must be arranged.

14. Ladders must have inventory numbers and be tested.

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