The main types of emergencies. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
Free library / Occupational Safety and Health

The main types of emergencies. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Legislative basis for labor protection

Emergency situation - a concept closely related to the concept of "accident". An emergency is an accident that develops over time, consisting of a succession of various dangerous events replacing each other.

An accident is the most important concept of the safety of human activity, naming and characterizing the consequences of the implementation of one of the main dangers of engineering and technology (the so-called technosphere) - the destruction of an object or a violation of a process.

In Russia, for hazardous production facilities, the concept of "accident" was introduced by the Federal Law "On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities" and includes "destruction of structures and/or technical devices used at a hazardous production facility, uncontrolled explosion and/or release of hazardous substances".

In order to streamline the assignment of occurring accidents to one type or another, Rostechnadzor introduced their classification depending on the objects belonging to the category of hazardous production facilities.

The classification is carried out on the basis of methodological recommendations for the classification and accidents of incidents RD -09-398-00, RD 10-385-00, RD 14-377-00, RD 05-392-00, RD 06-376-00, RD 11-405-01, RD 15-630-04, RD 15-73-94.

In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 21, 2007 No. 304 "On the classification of natural and man-made emergencies", emergencies are classified depending on the number of people affected in these situations, people whose living conditions are violated, the amount of material damage, as well as the boundaries of the zones of distribution of damaging factors of emergency situations.

Emergencies are divided into local, municipal, intermunicipal, regional, interregional, and federal.

Authors: Fainburg G.Z., Ovsyankin A.D., Potemkin V.I.

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