How to revive a chainsaw. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Home, household, hobby
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The failed electronic ignition block of the Ural-2 Electron chainsaw filled with compound can be replaced with a simple device. A thyristor KU202N (M), a zener diode D815A (B, V) are installed on the insulating plate and connected to each other by wires (Fig. 1, where 1 is an insulating plate; 2 - thyristor; 3 - zener diode; 4 - connecting wires).
The assembled block is placed in a suitable plastic case and mounted on a chainsaw under the fan cover fastening nut (under the carburetor).
Three diodes KD105 or KD209 with any letter index are added to the magneto. The terminals of the generator coil, sensor and capacitor C1 are disconnected from the block filled with compound, and diodes and wires from the board are soldered to them (Fig. 2).
The latter are attached with threads to the generator coil and sensor. In order to remove the wires from the magneto, a hole with a diameter of 5-6 mm is drilled in the saw body (below the output socket of the high-voltage wire). After installing the magneto, wires of the same color are interconnected and insulated, and a branch is made from the junction of the green wires to connect to the "stop" button. The wiring diagram of the electronic ignition device is shown in Fig.3.
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Three groups of physicists at once: from Austria, Hong Kong and from the USA presented prototypes of photodetectors based on graphene. These devices convert infrared optical signals into electrical impulses, and the efficiency of graphene photodetectors is higher than that of similar devices of the traditional type.
All three developments are somewhat different from each other, but they all use the key feature of graphene - the ability to convert light quanta with different energies into electrical impulses. Traditional photodetectors work due to the fact that a light quantum transfers energy to a charge carrier sufficient to overcome a potential barrier, a gap between energy levels in a semiconductor, but graphene is not a "full" semiconductor and it does not have a so-called band gap.
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A member of the American group, Dirk Englund, a physicist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, also emphasized that the data transfer rate through graphene-based photodetectors was 12 gigabits per second, that is, it turned out to be comparable to conventional semiconductor devices. According to his forecasts, the rapid transition to graphene will occur when scientists and technologists learn how to synthesize this two-dimensional material in industrial quantities with consistently high quality: today this is the main obstacle to graphene electronics.
The absence of a band gap, explains one of the scientists who created the new detectors, Thomas Müller of the Institute of Technology in Vienna, made it an ideal material for a device that converts infrared pulses into electrical ones.
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Due to the greater mobility of charge carriers compared to silicon and many semiconductors, graphene is considered a promising material for electronic devices. Its disadvantages include the absence of a band gap in unmodified graphene, as well as the technological complexity of obtaining large homogeneous sheets.
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