Evaluation of activities to fulfill the requirements of labor protection in the organization. Occupational Safety and Health

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
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Evaluation of activities to fulfill the requirements of labor protection in the organization. Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health / Legislative basis for labor protection

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Evaluation of the activities of the organization (their divisions) to ensure labor protection and fulfillment of labor protection requirements is the most important element of all work on labor protection.

At present, it is extremely common to believe that the main criterion for success in labor protection work is the absence of industrial accidents and occupational diseases in the organization. From a formal point of view, the goal of labor protection has been achieved, but this does not say anything about the quality of labor protection work in the organization.

Unfortunately, there are many activities in which you can do nothing about labor protection and not have "troubles". But there are even more types of activities where only daily systematic work on labor protection with significant costs of labor, material and financial resources makes it possible to keep the accident rate, injuries and occupational morbidity at a relatively low (for a really existing technology) "socially acceptable" level.

But, if "zero" criteria for success are proclaimed, then they will be provided at any cost. It is no secret that the unadvertised, but widely used practice is to hide everything that can be hidden in labor protection, because such a practice (despite its immorality) actually reduces the "bad" indicators of industrial injuries and occupational morbidity.

Today it is necessary to develop a completely different approach, an approach based on the assessment of the implementation (in terms of priority) of the planned labor protection measures, on the inclusion of at least a minimum of essential essential elements in them.

We refer to such minimally necessary essential elements of the organization of work on labor protection in the organization:

1) the existence of a system for organizing work on labor protection (SOROT) or an OSMS, or at least - Regulations (orders) on the distribution of functional responsibilities for labor protection between employees (especially officials);

2) the presence of a section on labor protection in job descriptions, as well as instructions on labor protection at workplaces and for types of work;

3) certification of workplaces in terms of working conditions (as a measure to identify hazards and occupational risks);

4) conducting briefings and other types of training on labor protection;

5) providing employees with the required PPE;

6) maintaining documentation on labor protection;

7) availability of the institution of authorized (trusted) persons;

8) availability of a labor protection specialist (service);

9) insurance of employees in the FSS of Russia;

10) passing by the employees of the prescribed medical examinations.

The closest to this list are the requirements of the ILO-OSHMS 2001.

In particular, the 2001 ILO-OSHMS Guidelines recommend that assessment of elements of the labor protection management system in the organization, or their subsystems, depending on the appropriateness, covered:

labor protection policy (strategic goals);
participation of employees in work on labor protection (presence of a committee (commission) on labor protection, authorized (trusted) persons, a collective agreement with an agreement on labor protection;
duties and responsibilities (presence of a section on labor protection for officials in job descriptions);
competence and training in labor protection of personnel (including all types of training and knowledge testing);
documentation of the labor protection management system;
information transfer and exchange (top down and bottom up);
planning, development and implementation of an OSMS;
preventive and regulatory measures (of a technical and organizational nature to protect against hazardous and harmful production factors);
management of changes in the OSMS related to changes in the technological process or equipment and the hiring of new personnel;
prevention of emergencies, readiness for them and response;
supply (PPE and certified equipment, labeled substances, etc.);
contract work (conclusion of an agreement with contractors on the division of responsibility in emergency situations, on the obligations of the contractor to comply with the requirements of the OSMS of the main organization);
monitoring the implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of the planned measures for labor protection;
investigation of work-related injuries, ill health, illness and incidents and their impact on safety and health activities;
organization of control and checks/audits;
analysis of the effectiveness of the OSMS by management;
preventive and corrective actions to improve work on labor protection;
continuous improvement of the entire OSMS; and
any other purposes and objects of verification / audit, depending on the appropriateness.

Therefore, during a global audit (in the Western manner - an audit) of work on labor protection, it must be determined whether the implemented elements of the labor protection management system or their subsystems:

effective in implementing the OSH policy and objectives of the organization;
effective in promoting the full participation of workers;
responding to the assessment of the effectiveness of labor protection activities and previous inspections / audits;
enabling the organization to achieve compliance with relevant national laws and regulations; And
achieving the goal of continuous improvement and best practices in labor protection.

In this case, the audit should be carried out by competent persons not related to the activity being audited, working or not working in the organization.

It is important that the results and conclusions of the audit are communicated to those responsible for corrective actions. This allows you to really use the results of the audit to improve the OSMS. Since the entire organization of work on labor protection is distributed among all managers, and a large share of this responsibility lies with the first manager, it is necessary that the top management of the organization periodically evaluate the effectiveness of the decisions made and make adjustments, if necessary.

Directors, chief engineers of structural divisions, as well as the chief engineer or general director of a large enterprise must at least once a quarter at meetings of chief specialists, heads of workshops, services, or at a technical council, a meeting of a permanent commission on labor protection with the participation of a trade union body:

sum up the results of work in the field of labor protection for the past period, the progress of the implementation of plans, planned measures for labor protection;
review the results of the checks;
consider the state of injuries, occupational diseases, accidents and other issues of labor protection;
hear information from the heads of workshops, sections, departments, services, evaluate the work of managers on these issues, outline measures for its improvement;
hear proposals to encourage structural units that have been working for a long time without injuries and violations of the rules and norms of labor protection, as well as relevant proposals for disciplinary responsibility, on the suitability of the position of persons who have committed gross violations of the rules and norms of labor protection.

Discussion of issues and decision-making is documented in the minutes of the meeting (technical council, meeting) and is mandatory. In necessary cases, an order is issued for the organization.

In general analysis of the effectiveness of the OSMS by management must:

evaluate the overall strategy of the occupational health and safety management system to determine the achievability of the planned performance goals;
assess the ability of the OSH management system to meet the overall needs of the organization and its stakeholders, including employees and management, supervision and control bodies;
evaluate the need to change the OSH management system, including OSH policy and objectives;
determine what actions are needed to address deficiencies in a timely manner, including the adaptation of other parties to the management structure of the organization and the evaluation of performance;
provide feedback, including prioritization, for sound planning and continuous improvement;
assess progress towards the organization's OSH goals and the vigor of corrective action;
evaluate the effectiveness of actions identified in previous reviews of the effectiveness of the OSMS by management.

In this case, management's review of the effectiveness of an OSMS should take into account:

results of investigations into work-related injuries, ill health, illnesses and incidents; continuous monitoring of execution and performance evaluation; audit activities; And
additional internal and external factors, as well as changes, including organizational ones, that may affect the labor protection management system.

Conclusions from the analysis of the effectiveness of the OSMS management should be documented and formally communicated:

persons responsible for a particular element(s) of the OSH management system so that they can take appropriate action;
committee on labor protection, workers and their representatives.

For many organizations, such an analysis may be prepared once a year for a general debriefing. At the same time, the development (clarification) of the main directions of the organization's policy on labor protection is carried out. The preparation of the report "Analysis of the state of labor protection in the organization and ways to improve it" is the main form of organizing the organization's strategic planning in the field of labor protection. All divisions of the organization are involved in the preparation of the above-mentioned report. The tasks, structure, procedure for preparing the report are established in the relevant order of the head of the organization.

The decision of the head of the organization or a higher organization on the approval (approval) of the report sets the priorities of the organization's policy for subsequent planning of activities and justification of costs to ensure labor protection requirements at all levels of management of the organization's activities.

In principle, the frequency and extent of periodic reviews of the effectiveness of the OSH management system by the employer or the person with the greatest responsibility should be determined according to the needs and conditions of the organization.

Authors: Fainburg G.Z., Ovsyankin A.D., Potemkin V.I.

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