The negative impact of solar radiation. OBZhD

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BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Negative effects of solar radiation. Basics of safe living

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

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The person being irradiated solar radiation, is exposed to three types of it simultaneously:

direct sunlight;
scattered solar radiation (due to the passage of sunlight through the earth's atmosphere, reflection from clouds);
solar radiation reflected from the earth's surface.

Accordingly, the negative impact of solar radiation appears in three forms.

Burns

The ultraviolet part of the solar spectrum is the most active physiologically. Human skin absorbs 97-99% of ultraviolet rays, which penetrate the skin by 0,05-0,5 mm, causing tanning in moderate doses. Long-term exposure to solar radiation on the human body is fraught with the appearance of sunburns on the skin. Preventive measures can negate the impact of this negative impact on a person. Such measures include lubricating exposed skin with special creams that have a high protection factor, as well as zinc paste.

solar blindness

You can get sick with it not only on clear sunny days, but also on cloudy days. Injury to the retina by solar radiation causes painful pain that prevents a person from falling asleep. Tears flow from the inflamed eyes, it feels as if a lot of sand has gotten under the eyelids. The victim cannot even look at a lit candle. Blindness occurs, which with timely treatment goes away almost without a trace within 5-7 days. To protect your eyes, you need to have sunglasses, preferably with orange lenses, which, in cloudy and foggy weather, best depict even small irregularities in the snow cover. If you don't have glasses, you can temporarily use cardboard tape with slots, a gauze bandage, and other eye protection items.

Sunstroke

This is a severe painful condition that occurs suddenly and requires emergency care, which is as follows. The victim should be placed in the shade with his head raised and his outer clothing should be removed. Use cold water or snow in a plastic bag to gradually cool the head and heart area. Bring the victim to consciousness by giving him a sniff of ammonia (to stimulate breathing). Drinking plenty of fluids is necessary. A headdress is a preventive measure against sunstroke.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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