Industrial noise and its impact on humans. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Industrial noise and its impact on humans. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Noise defined as a set of aperiodic sounds of varying intensity and frequency. The noises around people have different intensities, for example: 50-60 dB (colloquial speech), 100 dB (car siren), 80 dB (car engine noise), etc.

According to the nature of the spectrum, noises are broadband, with a continuous spectrum and tonal, in the spectrum of which there are audible tones. According to the spectral composition, depending on the predominance of sound energy in the corresponding frequency range, low-, medium- and high-frequency noises are distinguished, according to temporal characteristics, noises are constant, intermittent, impulse, and fluctuating in time. From a hygienic point of view, great importance is attached to the amplitude-time, spectral and probabilistic parameters of intermittent noise, the most typical for modern production.

To assess the physiological impact of noise on a person, loudness and loudness level are used. Noise has a harmful effect on the human body, especially on the central nervous system, causing overwork and exhaustion of brain cells. Under the influence of noise, insomnia occurs, fatigue quickly develops, attention decreases, overall working capacity and labor productivity decrease.

Prolonged exposure to noise and related disturbances in the central nervous system are considered as one of the factors contributing to the occurrence of hypertension. Under the influence of noise, phenomena of hearing fatigue, hearing loss occur. These phenomena with the cessation of noise quickly disappear. If hearing fatigue is repeated systematically for a long time, then hearing loss develops.

Hearing loss - persistent hearing loss, making it difficult to perceive the speech of others under normal conditions. Thus, a short-term exposure to a level of 120 dB (the roar of an aircraft) does not lead to irreversible consequences. Prolonged exposure to noise of 80-90 dB leads to occupational deafness. In addition, intense noise in the workplace contributes to a decrease in attention and an increase in the number of errors in the performance of work, noise has an exceptionally strong effect on the speed of reaction, information collection and analytical processes, due to noise, labor productivity decreases and the quality of work deteriorates.

Noise makes it difficult for workers to react in a timely manner to the warning signals of intra-shop transport, which contributes to the occurrence of accidents at work.

The noise level is normalized by sanitary norms and state standards and should not exceed the permissible values.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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