Requirements for lighting of premises and workplaces. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Requirements for lighting of premises and workplaces. Fundamentals of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Main task industrial lighting is to maintain lighting in the workplace that corresponds to the nature of visual work. Increasing the illumination of the working surface improves the visibility of objects by increasing their brightness, increases the speed of distinguishing details, which affects the growth of labor productivity. When organizing industrial lighting, it is necessary to ensure a uniform distribution of brightness on the working surface and surrounding objects.

To improve the uniformity of natural lighting in large workshops, combined lighting is carried out. The light color of the ceiling, walls and equipment contributes to a uniform distribution of brightness in the field of view of the worker. Industrial lighting should ensure that there are no sharp shadows in the worker's field of vision, which distort the size and shape of objects, increasing fatigue, and reducing labor productivity. Therefore, the shadows must be softened by using lamps with light-diffusing milky glasses in natural light, using sun protection devices.

To improve the visibility of objects in the field of view of the worker, there should be no direct and reflected brilliance - increased brightness of luminous surfaces, causing visual impairment (blindness), i.e., deterioration in the visibility of objects.

Glitter is limited by a decrease in the brightness of the light source, the correct choice of the protective angle of the lamp, an increase in the height of the suspension of lamps, the correct direction of the light flux to the working surface, as well as a change in the angle of inclination of the working surface. Where possible, shiny surfaces should be replaced with matt ones.

Fluctuations in illumination at the workplace, caused by a sharp change in the voltage in the network, cause readaptation of the eye, leading to significant fatigue. The constancy of illumination over time is achieved by stabilizing the floating voltage, rigid fastening of fixtures, and using gas-discharge lamps.

When organizing industrial lighting, you should choose the necessary spectral composition of the light flux to ensure the correct color rendering and to enhance color contrasts. Why use monochromatic light, which enhances some colors and weakens others.

Lighting installations must be convenient and easy to operate, meet the requirements of aesthetics, electrical safety, must not cause an explosion or fire, which is achieved by using protective grounding, limiting the supply voltage of portable and local lamps, etc.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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