natural fires. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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natural fires. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

The concept of natural fires includes forest fires, fires of steppe and green areas, peat and underground fires of fossil fuels.

Most typical cases of forest fires:

1) a burning match, a cigarette butt is thrown;

2) careless handling of weapons;

3) non-compliance with safety rules;

4) making fires in places with dried grass, in a cutting area, under the crowns of trees, etc.;

5) burning grass in forest clearings, clearings or near the forest;

6) a piece of glass thrown in a sunny place focused the sun's rays like an incendiary lens;

7) economic work in the forest (uprooting, blasting, burning garbage, building roads, power lines, pipelines, etc.).

Forest fires are classified according to:

1) the nature of the fire;

2) propagation speed;

3) the size of the area covered by the fire.

If you find yourself in the forest during a fire, then the direction opposite to the fire can be prompted by birds and animals that run away from the fire in the opposite direction.

Peat fires move slowly, several meters per day. They are especially dangerous due to sudden bursts of fire from the underground hearth and the fact that its edge is not always noticeable and you can fall into the burnt peat. Therefore, in case of fire, peat bogs must be avoided, and if necessary, move along the peat field only in a group, and the first in the group must check the soil as the sixth, as when moving on thin ice. A sign of an underground fire - the ground is hot, smoke comes out of the soil.

A small fire (width of the edge - up to 1 km) can be stopped by a group of 3-5 people in half an hour or an hour even without special means. For example, with a broom of green branches, a young tree (1,5-2 m), burlap, tarpaulin or clothing, knocking down the flame. The fire must be overwhelmed, swept away towards the source of the fire, small flames must be trampled under foot.

Another common technique is to throw earth at the edge of the fire.

The fight against forest fires is primarily carried out by the state service, which has its own airbases, fire and chemical stations, a patrol service, etc. Large forces and equipment used by professionals can be concentrated in one place in the region.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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