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The benefits of education for memory retention

07.01.2024

Research from Georgetown University Medical Center suggests that education may protect memory in older adults, especially women.

New work from scientists highlights the importance of education in preserving cognitive function, especially in women, and warns against memory loss in old age. This opens up new prospects in the field of prevention and health maintenance of the elderly population.

The study's findings indicate that children, especially girls, who spend more time studying show better memory performance in old age. This discovery could have important implications for preventing memory loss in Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.

The study focused on declarative memory in 704 older adults (ages 58 to 98). Declarative memory is responsible for the ability to remember events, facts, and words, such as the names of neighbors or the location of keys.

Participants were shown pictures of various objects and then, after a few minutes, checked which of them they remembered. Declarative memory performance declined with age, but women who had early education experienced less of a memory loss effect.

For men, each year of study brought a gain in memory that was twice as great as the loss associated with years of aging. While in women this increase was five times greater.

For example, an 80-year-old woman with a bachelor's degree had comparable declarative memory to a 60-year-old woman with a high school education. Thus, an additional four years of education can compensate for the memory loss caused by twenty years of aging.

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