Transport accidents. OBZhD

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BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Transport accidents. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Directory / Basics of safe life

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Today, any form of transport is a potential danger.

The main causes of accidents and disasters in railway transport:

1) track malfunctions;

2) rolling stock malfunctions;

3) malfunction of the signaling means;

4) centralization and blocking;

5) dispatcher errors;

6) inattention and negligence of drivers.

When transporting dangerous goods such as gases, flammable, explosive, poisonous and radioactive substances, explosions and fires are possible. It is very difficult to eliminate such accidents.

One of the main problems of our time has become the provision of traffic safety in road transport.

Approximately 75% of all traffic accidents occur due to violations of traffic rules by drivers. At what a third Accident - a consequence of poor training of drivers.

The most dangerous types of violations are:

1) speeding;

2) exit to the lane of oncoming traffic;

3) drunk driving.

The peculiarity of the accident is that 80% of the wounded die in the first three hours. Blood loss during the first hour is so great and strong that even a brilliantly performed operation is useless. First aid is very important here. However, the level of medical training of traffic police officers is low, the training of the population and drivers is also insufficient. First-aid kits, which should be in every car, without which they do not pass inspection, are often understaffed.

That is why the death rate from traffic accidents is 10-15 times higher in our country than in other countries.

Despite the measures taken, the number of accidents and disasters in air transport is not decreasing. Serious consequences lead to:

1) destruction of individual aircraft structures;

2) engine failure;

3) violation of the operation of control systems, power supply, communications;

4) poor piloting;

5) lack of fuel;

6) interruptions in the life support of the crew and passengers.

Most major accidents and disasters on ships occur under the influence of:

1) hurricanes;

2) storms;

3) fogs;

4) ice;

5) through the fault of people.

Many accidents occur due to errors in the design and construction of ships. Half of them are the result of inept exploitation. All crew members are involved in the work to eliminate the consequences of accidents, disasters and rescue drowning people. The captain supervises all work as the head of civil defense, his main tasks:

1) rescue of people in distress;

2) the struggle for the buoyancy of the ship;

3) fire suppression;

4) elimination of holes.

The following are involved in the ship salvage work:

1) special rescue vessels;

2) tugs;

3) fire boats;

4) crews of other floating craft;

5) special units for rescue, ship-lifting and hoisting and technical work.

Author: Muradova E.O.

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