Consequences of exposure to environmental hazards. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Consequences of exposure to environmental hazards. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Under the influence of traumatic factors on a person, there are Negative consequences, which can be divided into primary and remote.

Primary consequences are typical for traumatic effects and acute poisoning. They are accompanied by various injuries or death of people.

The long-term effect of harmful factors is manifested through diseases, a reduction in life expectancy, a decrease in the birth rate and a deterioration in the health of newborns and children.

Habitat pollution has become one of the main reasons for the reduction in life expectancy of the Russian population. Whereas in 1965 life expectancy for men was 65 years, in 1995 it dropped to 57,3 years. Infant mortality has risen. In the CIS countries, it is 25 cases per 1000 newborns. 10% of newborns in Russia are born with defects and deformities. According to the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 70% of children in Moscow are in poor health.

Assessing the consequences of the impact of hazards on people, it should be recognized that the level of death from them is growing every year. The negative impact of harmful factors is also dangerous for future generations.

At all stages of its development, man was closely connected with the outside world. With the emergence of a highly industrial society, human intervention in nature has increased dramatically, has become dangerous and threatens to turn into a global threat to humanity in the near future. There are several most significant processes that worsen the ecological situation on the planet.

The most large-scale and significant is the chemical pollution of the environment by substances of a chemical nature that are not characteristic of it. Among them are gaseous and aerosol pollutants of industrial and domestic origin. In particular, the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere reinforces the undesirable trend towards an increase in the average annual temperature on the planet. The ongoing pollution of the World Ocean with oil and oil products is alarming, which can cause significant disruption of gas and water exchange between the hydrosphere and the atmosphere. There is no doubt about the negative impact of soil pollution with pesticides.

In the last decade, environmental pollution of many regions of the Earth has caused a sharp increase in diseases of the population, increased infant mortality and disorders in the psychophysical development of the younger generation. In the following sections, the main factors influencing the state of the biosphere will be considered.

Authors: Aizman R.I., Krivoshchekov S.G.

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