Uninterruptable power source. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Protection of equipment from emergency operation of the network
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In the place where I live, electricity often "disappears", and all household equipment is designed for alternating voltage 220 V, 50 Hz. For its normal functioning, it was necessary to make an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). Based on the scheme from the magazine "Modeler-constructor".
The UPS provides:
- in direct mode, converting DC voltage 12 V to AC 220 V/50 Hz with a maximum current consumption of not more than 6 A. Output power - up to 220 W (1 A);
- reverse mode (battery charge mode). In this case, the charge current is up to 6 A;
- fast switching from direct to reverse mode.
The UPS diagram is shown in the figure. On the elements VT3, VT4, R3 ... R6, C5, C6, a clock generator is made that generates pulses with a frequency of about 50 Hz. He, in turn, controls the operation of transistors VT1, VT6, in the collector circuits of which the windings IIa, IIb of the transformer T1 are included. Diodes VD2, VD3 - protection elements of transistors VT1, VT6 in direct mode and rectifiers in reverse mode. Elements C1, C2, L1 form a network filter, VD1, C3, C4 - a clock generator filter. Consider how the circuit works in both modes.
Direct mode (=12V / -220V). A voltage of +12 V is alternately applied to the windings IIa or IIb, and the transformer T1 converts it to a voltage of 220 V / 50 Hz. This voltage is present on the XS1 socket, and all kinds of consumers are connected to it (incandescent lamps, TV, etc.)
(click to enlarge)
The indicator of normal operation is the glow of the VD4, VD5 LEDs. The load current can reach 1A (220W).
Reverse mode (-220 V / =12 V). To work in reverse mode, you need to connect the network skins to the XP1 connector and apply -220 V to it. After that, the SB1 toggle switch switches. In this case, the mains voltage enters the primary winding of the transformer T1, and the clock generator is turned off. Due to this, two alternating voltages of 1V are obtained on the secondary windings of T10, which are rectified by diodes VD2, VD3. The indicator of normal operation in reverse mode is the glow of the VD5 LED. Boiling in the banks of the GB1 battery indicates the process of its charging.
Details and construction
T1 - any transformer that provides two voltages of 10V at a Current of up to 10 A. It is best to use cores of the SHL and PL type, which are easier to disassemble. Coil L1 is made on a K28x16x9 M2000NM ferrite ring and contains two windings of 10 turns of wire with a diameter of 0,5 ... 0,71 mm.
Transistors VT1, VT6 and diodes VD2, VD3 are mounted through mica gaskets, lubricated with heat-conducting paste, on one common radiator with an area of at least 200 cm2.
Literature
- Kitaev V. Calculation of power supply sources for communication devices. - M.: Radio and communication, 1993.
Author: A. Chastov, fish farm "Polesie" Brest region; Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru
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