Healthy lifestyle. Compliance with the rules of conduct. OBZhD

BASICS OF SAFE LIFE
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Healthy lifestyle. Compliance with the rules of conduct. Basics of safe life

Fundamentals of Safe Life Activities (OBZhD)

Compliance with the norms of human behavior - a necessary condition not only mental, but also physical health. Mental health of a person is a state of complete peace of mind, the ability to control oneself, manifested by an even stable mood, the ability to quickly adapt to difficult situations and overcome them, the ability to restore peace of mind in a short time.

Prevention of painful psychological reactions in the process of communication between people is a serious task. Negative reactions can occur both at home and at work. It should be remembered that the mood and its manifestation cause a corresponding resonance among others. A harsh word, injustice already evoke negative emotions. Often, improperly established family relationships injure the psyche.

The lack of psychological comfort at work also has a negative effect. In emerging conflicts, it is difficult to maintain composure and objectivity. An increased background of emotional stress distorts people's assessment of what is happening. The keys to preventing such situations are to increase the personal and social culture of communication, mutual assistance, respect for colleagues, goodwill, and mutual understanding.

The culture of communication lies in self-control, the ability not to show negative emotions, in tact - the ability to correlate one's experiences with the experience of a neighbor, not to do, not to say what is unpleasant for others to hear. Cultural people who control their behavior are easy and pleasant to communicate with and create the necessary positive microclimate at work, which contributes to a good mood.

In human communication, their moral principles are of great importance, but not only these principles, but also will, emotions, and intellect are subject to control and training. The upbringing of mental functions, the formation of a harmonious development of the personality begin from an early age.

self-education - a mandatory requirement of society to its members. Each person should strive to conform his actions with the norms of behavior accepted in society.

Such a person knows how to restrain negative emotions, he is not characterized by selfishness, greed, money-grubbing, he is capable of compassion and care.

The ability to correctly evaluate oneself and one's capabilities protects one from unnecessary and aimless experiences and disappointments. Persistence, patience and self-control help to overcome the inevitable difficulties in life.

Self-discipline is essential for mental well-being. A self-controlled person does not create conflicts and extinguishes those that arise. The listed mental properties, evaluated by moral categories, make a person pleasant to others.

When a person sets himself a task above his mental and physical capabilities, then there are signs of not only physical fatigue, but also the mental state worsens.

It is desirable to acquire new knowledge throughout life. Training one's mental functions prevents age-related decline in mental abilities, areas of interest, determines the full value of spiritual life until the last days of human existence.

1. Relationship between lifestyle and disease prevention. The importance of personal and public hygiene for human health

Health Preservation largely depends on the person himself, since among the factors that cause diseases, the leading place is occupied by an unhealthy lifestyle, non-observance of elementary norms of personal and public hygiene, poor nutrition, and bad habits. A reasonable attitude of everyone towards their health is the most reliable guarantee of its preservation, with which even the most effective methods of treatment cannot compete.

Personal hygiene determined by a set of hygiene rules, the implementation of which contributes to the preservation and promotion of health and includes general hygiene rules for any age; proper alternation of mental and physical labor, regular intake of wholesome food, physical education, alternation of work and outdoor activities, good sleep.

Personal hygiene includes:

1) hygienic requirements for keeping linen and clothes clean;

2) requirements for keeping the dwelling clean;

3) cleanliness in food preparation.

The first priority is to keep the body clean. The skin must be washed in a timely and regular manner, otherwise its protective properties and the ratio of microorganisms that constantly inhabit the integument of the body are violated, favorable conditions are created for the reproduction of pyogenic microbes, parasitic fungi and other harmful microorganisms. Especially a lot of bacteria are found under the nails, so systematic and proper care and thorough hand washing is very important. The cleanliness of the hands of catering workers is a prerequisite for work. It is necessary to carefully care for the skin of the body and hair - take a shower, go to the bath. It must be remembered that if the integrity of the skin is violated, fungal diseases and pustular skin diseases can easily occur. Oral care not only helps to preserve the integrity of the teeth, but also prevents many diseases of the internal organs. Brush your teeth every day, rinse your mouth after every meal. Visit the dentist at least twice a year.

In addition to general hygienic measures, personal hygiene includes the care of the external genitalia. These special events should start from the moment the baby is born and be carried out continuously.

An important place is occupied by the observance of the cleanliness of underwear, work clothes, daily change of socks (stockings), especially with increased sweating of the legs. Each family member is recommended to have a separate bed and towels (personal and bath); Before going to bed, change daytime underwear for a nightgown.

Maintaining the cleanliness of the body and clothing is unthinkable without maintaining cleanliness in living rooms, kitchens, as well as in industrial premises.

All these hygienic measures are of particular importance in cases where someone in the family falls ill, since non-compliance with hygiene requirements can adversely affect the health and working capacity of the people around the patient, especially children.

2. Hardening of the body, its importance for improving human health

Hardening of the body is a set of measures to increase the body's resistance to the effects of adverse weather and climatic conditions. Modern comfortable living conditions, clothing, transport, and so on reduce the impact of changing weather conditions on the human body, reduce resistance to meteorological factors. Being an important part of physical education, hardening of the body restores this stability. Hardening of the body is based on the ability of the human body to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

The hardening effect is achieved through the systematic influence of one or another factor and a gradual increase in their dosage, since only under these conditions adaptive changes develop in the body: metabolic processes are improved, the overall resistance of the body to the effects of adverse factors increases. Systematic dosing of exposure to cold increases resistance to low temperatures, and heat to high temperatures.

The essence of hardening to cold lies in the gradual increase in the degree of cooling. In people accustomed to the cold, heat generation is more intense, which provides better blood supply to the skin, increases resistance to infectious diseases and frostbite. Hardening of the body to cold can be achieved by the rational use of the sun and air (solar and air baths) and water (water procedures).

Sunlight has a powerful stimulating and hardening effect. Solar radiation is best used in the form of diffuse solar-air baths. An air bath increases the metabolic functions of the body, strengthens blood vessels, nerves of the skin, stimulates brain activity, improves heart function, and increases the overall tone of the body.

The most effective are water procedures: rubbing, dousing, showering, bathing. They should be started at room temperature of water, gradually lowering the temperature from procedure to procedure and increasing its duration.

At high ambient temperatures, danger of overheating (heatstroke). As a result of repeated and prolonged exposure to heat, resistance to high air temperature increases: the heat transfer of the body increases due to increased sweating and changes in the composition of sweat. Due to the improved heat transfer, the increase in heart rate during work in hot climates is moderate, and performance does not fall.

The mode of hardening of the body is set by the doctor, taking into account age, individual characteristics and health status.

Authors: Alekseev V.S., Zhidkova O.I., Tkachenko N.V.

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