Super wheel drive. Drawing, description

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Super wheel drive. Tips for a modeler

Modeling

Vessels equipped with wheeled propellers preceded screw ones. The traditional paddle wheel had plate-plates installed along the radii (Fig. 1).

Super wheel propulsion
Paddle wheel and super wheel

When the wheel rotated, the plates sank into the water and threw it back, and the ship moved forward. Wheeled vessels had a small draft, high traction, worked well in shallow water. Thanks to convenient access to the paddle wheels, inspection and repair of the propeller was not a problem. These qualities are still needed by ships, especially river ones. But paddle steamers had a serious drawback - a low wheel speed (50-60 min-1). After all, the higher the speed, the more power the paddle wheel loses from impact when the lower plate is immersed in water. That is why the paddle wheel "lost" in the dispute with the propeller. After all, modern engines are uneconomical at low speeds.

Our super wheel propulsion unit can operate at 2000-5000 rpm. The superwheel “rows” due to its adhesion to the surface layers of the liquid, so it must have a rough cylindrical or conical surface. And instead of plates that were mounted on a rotating wheel, there are reflector plates that are stationary relative to the wheel. Water is thrown from them in the direction opposite to the movement of the vessel, and an additional force is created that moves it forward (Fig. 1). The resultant force is the sum of the driving force P2 on the wheel and P1 on the reflector. There is no impact on the water and no power loss, and as the speed increases, the thrust should increase. The easiest way is to make a cylindrical wheel. Conical works better on the wave. The washer on the cone reduces splashing. The propulsor of a conical shape can be composed of cylinders gradually decreasing in diameter. Test each of the proposed options (Fig. 2) in your model on the go and compare their capabilities.

Start working on the model with the body. It is made of dense foam or dry straight-grained wood. Take a workpiece 160x200x50 mm, carefully process it on planes 160x200 mm, draw axes of symmetry parallel to the large sides. You will get the lines of intersection of the diametral plane (DP). Having enlarged the cells, cut out a template from the drawing paper (Fig. 4), mark the "nose" on it. Circle the template with a pencil on planes 200x50 mm. Remove excess material with a file. Cut out cavities in the bow and stern as shown. These will serve as ballast tanks to allow the model to change draft by accepting or displacing water from these compartments. After all, the more sediment, the stronger the traction of the wheels. Board thickness 10-15 mm. A rectangular recess 30x30x160 mm in the middle of the housing serves to accommodate electric motors. It is fenced off by watertight bulkheads and closed from the sides with two plugs 30x30x15 mm made of hull material.

Vessel drawing (click to enlarge)

Draw the bottom lining template yourself according to Figure 5. Cut out the bottom lining from thin tin, bend the rudders. Drill kingstones to fill the body with water and a hole for an air tube with a diameter of 4-5 mm. Glue the bottom trim to the hull with epoxy. Make templates for the bow and stern decks and cut them out of thin plywood or plastic. The recess for the electric motors must remain open. In bulkheads, make holes for an air tube with a diameter of 3-4 mm. If the body is wooden, prime it with several layers of nitro paint, and pre-coat the foam plastic with a thin layer of epoxy.

Bottom and trim (click to enlarge)

Propeller shafts rotate freely inside two copper stern tubes, which serve as bearings. Glue the deadwoods into the side plugs of the hull. Make two propeller shafts from a steel spoke with a diameter of 1,5-2 mm. One end is glued into the paddle wheel, the other is connected with a piece of PVC tube to the motor shaft.

Now let's take a look at the power plant. The model requires two electric motors, for example, DI-1-3, powered by a direct current of 4,5V. Solder thin long insulated wires to the motor leads.

You will turn on, turn off and change the direction of rotation of the motors from the control panel. The electrical circuit for switching on one of the engines is shown in Figure 6. The control panel is equipped with two 4,5V batteries. Make the pressure cam out of a non-conductive material.

Super wheel propulsion
Engine switching circuit

Start the final assembly by installing a horizontal tube between the bulkheads. Glue the side plugs with stern tubes flush with the outer surface of the sides. Connect the propeller shafts of the wheels inserted into the deadwoods with polyvinyl chloride tubes to the engine shafts. Pass the wires through a vertical air tube glued into the case. Fix the engines in the body with plasticine. Seal the T-shaped intersection of the tubes with plasticine, and fill with epoxy glue on top. Pass the free ends of the wires through the rubber tube of the air blower (for example, from an air mattress) and, leading through the wall of the tube, solder it into the electrical circuit of the control station. Glue the bow and stern decks.

Select the shape of the reflectors empirically. To do this, cut out 2 patterns of bow and stern reflectors from paper. Shape them so that they fit against the paddle wheels and at the same time do not interfere with their rotation. Cut them out of tin, bend and secure them to the bow and stern decks.

Drill a small hole in the aft deck and pick up a cork from a medicine vial to it. Check the connection for tightness. Dry the hull and glue the bottom trim.

Develop the design of deck superstructures yourself.

Now we can test our prototype. Disconnect the electrical circuits of the control panel by placing the handles in the "Stop" position. Launch the model into the water by opening the opening in the aft deck. Make sure the model is level on the water. Paddle wheels should be 1/2 diameter submerged in water. Now tightly close the hole in the deck with a cork. Set the control levers to the "Forward" position. By changing the filling of ballast tanks with an air blower, find and mark on the hull the draft that corresponds to the highest speed of the model. When the wheels are "Razdray", that is, one is "Forward", the other is "Back", the model turns. The experiment can be complicated by changing the speed of the engines. Think about how to do it.

Author: V.Khvastin

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