One-wheel motor plow. Drawing, description

TOOLS AND MECHANISMS FOR AGRICULTURE
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One-wheel motor plow. Drawing, description

Tools and mechanisms for agriculture

Directory / Tools and mechanisms for agriculture

The main purpose of my walk-behind tractor - inter-row processing - largely determined the features of its design. It should be maneuverable, compact, no more than 250 mm wide. And since the land plot is located quite far from the house, I wanted to make the walk-behind tractor light. However, realizing that a light machine would not have enough grip for deep cultivation, he provided for the possibility of quickly replacing one wheel with two.

I chose the kinematic scheme, perhaps the most common - a two-stage chain transmission: engine - intermediate shaft - drive wheel.

The frame, welded from steel corners 32x32 mm, is a rigid truss. To the transverse corners of the upper frame, the engine from the Druzhba chainsaw with a gearbox leans. In front of it, on a bracket from a 15x15 mm corner, there is a small fuel tank, and on the front vertical corner posts of the frame there are intermediate shaft supports. The bearing housings of the running shaft are mounted on bolts under the longitudinal corners of the lower frame. And its rear cross member made of a square steel rod is used for mounting working tools.

The one-wheel layout places high demands on the accuracy of placing nodes on the frame. So, the common center of gravity should be located exactly above the supporting surface of the wheel. Therefore, the engine slightly offset behind the wheel axle is balanced by an additional load - a metal bar suspended in front of the frame.

General view of a one-wheeled motor plow (click to enlarge): 1 - handles, 2 - engine. 3 - fuel tank, 4 - intermediate shaft, 5 - counterweight, 6 - frame, 7 - bearing housing, 8 - wheel, 9 - attachment bracket, 10 - cultivator arm

Frame (tank bracket not shown) (click to enlarge)

Intermediate shaft (click to enlarge): 1 - bearing housing, 2 - drive sprocket Z=10, 3 - locking bolt M6, 4 - intermediate shaft, 5 - fixing bolt M10, 6 - driven sprocket Z=41, 7 - bearing no. 60204

The control handles are made of steel pipes d 28 mm and are connected by a crossbar for rigidity.

In the first stage of a valuable transmission, sprockets from a moped are used. The small one with Z = 14 is replaced by the engine saw broach sprocket, and the large one Z = 41 is mounted on the intermediate shaft. Wheel chain drive with a chain with a pitch of 19,05 mm is also lowering: from the intermediate shaft drive sprocket Z = 10 to the wheel drive with Z = 36.

The intermediate shaft is a steel rod d 30 mm, supported by its shanks in bearings No. 60204. The hubs of both sprockets are rigidly fixed on it with locking bolts.

The drive wheel in the one-wheel version is a rubber-coated roller from a serial cultivator. 12 lugs from a 20X20 mm corner 90 mm long are fixed on it parallel to the axis.

One-wheel motor plow
Drive wheel (single-wheel version): 1 - wheel hub, 2 - drive shaft, 3 - fixing bolt nut (welded to the hub), 4 - M10 fixing bolt, 5 - housing cover, 6 - bearing housing, 7 - fastening elements of the wheel to hub, 8 - wheel sprocket Z=36, 9 - mounting bolt of the M6X70 grouser, 10 - rubberized wheel, 11 - grouser

Drive axle (two-wheel version) (click to enlarge): 1 - lugs, 2 - wheel, 3 - drive shaft, 4 - key, 5 - bearing housing cover with felt seal; other details from the one-wheeled version

Transmission kinematic diagram: 1 - engine, 2 - gearbox (i=3), 3 - drive sprocket Z=14 from moped, 4 - chain, 5 - intermediate shaft, 6 - intermediate shaft driven sprocket Z=41 from moped, 7 - intermediate shaft drive sprocket Z=10, pitch 19,05 mm, 8 - wheel. 9 - wheel sprocket Z=36, pitch 19,05 mm

The wheel hubs and sprockets are fixed on their axis with radial bolts, and therefore the assembly can be easily disassembled for replacement with a two-wheeled one. The wheels in this version are different: metal, stamped, from agricultural machinery. Grousers to them from steel corners 25x25 mm and 100 mm long can be welded in a herringbone pattern, 16 pieces each. The sprocket on the drive shaft is attached in the same way and in the same place as in the one-wheel version. And the wheels with the help of dowels and locking bolts are on its shanks. The drive shaft bearings, mounted in closed housings, are reliably protected from dirt by felt seals.

The track of a walk-behind tractor with two wheels is determined by the size of the drive shaft and can be easily changed. In the single-wheel version, the frame turned out to be the widest part of the car - only 225 mm. This made it possible to manufacture and effectively use a whole set of auxiliary attachments for processing beds.

The walk-behind tractor can harrow after plowing, lay furrows of various depths, hill up beds, loosen with a narrow rake, dig, carry out various types of cultivation, and even sow and fertilize at a certain depth.

Author: V. Yakovlev

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