What are caves? Detailed answer

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What are caves? Detailed answer

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What are caves?

Although no two caves are the same, all the largest caves in the world are formed in a similar way. Holes are washed out in limestone (or similar rocks) by acidic waters. There are caves. They are also called salt caves. Some large caves began to be created 60 years ago. Rains poured, rivers overflowed, and monolithic mountains slowly collapsed. The rock in which the caves arise is limestone. This is a soft rock, it can be dissolved by weak acid.

The acid that breaks down limestone comes from rainwater. Falling raindrops take carbon dioxide from the air and soil. This carbon dioxide turns water into carbon dioxide. Therefore, acid rain watered limestone for millions of years. They constantly dripped onto the mountains, and cracks began to appear on them. And the rains continued to pour. The water flowed, widening the cracks. She found new cracks in the monolith. The cracks widened into tunnels. Tunnels crossed, niches appeared. After millions of years, the caves took their shape. And the water made the caves bigger and bigger.

Mountain caves are not the only kind of caves. There are, for example, also sea caves that arose under the influence of splashing waves on stone cliffs along the coast. The waves were breaking up the rocks. They were destroyed, undermined from year to year also by pebbles and fine sand.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is gold for fools?

If you are a prospector and are looking for gold, then for you the answer to this question is as important as the difference between huge wealth and immense poverty. Many miners have stumbled upon what they thought was gold, only to find, after analysis, that their hope of riches had vanished like smoke.

What is known as "fool's gold" is actually iron pyrite. Since this yellow mineral is also dazzling, it can easily be mistaken for inclusions of native gold in the rock. Another reason for error is that gold is often found in the same places as ferruginous pyrite. Native gold is often found in quartz veinlets or in massifs of ferruginous pyrite. Water and wind carry away quartz and pyrite, and gold is weathered from the rocks.

This means that the stone around the gold nuggets is washed out, leaving almost pure gold nuggets. Nuggets are washed away by water to the bottom of the valleys, and they are mixed with sand and gravel. In this form, gold is called alluvial, or loose. The first gold found by man was loose. But gold is often found in ores of other metals. Silver ore almost always contains some gold. Often gold is also found in copper ore.

Gold is found even in sea water! Its content, however, is so small compared to the total volume of water that no one is able to extract gold from sea water. However, the oceans are so vast that the total amount of gold they contain is estimated at 9 tons.

Chemists of the future will have to solve a very interesting problem - to extract gold from sea water.

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