Dishwasher. History of invention and production

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HISTORY OF TECHNOLOGY, TECHNOLOGY, OBJECTS AROUND US
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Dishwasher. History of invention and production

The history of technology, technology, objects around us

Directory / The history of technology, technology, objects around us

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Dishwasher - electromechanical installation for automatic washing of dishes. It is used both in catering establishments and at home. The dishwasher is connected to electricity, plumbing and sewerage.

Dishwasher

The dishwasher was invented by American Josephine Garis Cochrane.

Josephine was born in 1839. Her father, a civil engineer and jack-of-all-trades, built mills and sawmills along the Ohio River and, after his wife's death, took up the position of Indiana Waterworks Inspector in Valparaiso.

Josephine, who had been sympathetic to engineering since childhood, studied at a private school for several years, and in 1858 married 27-year-old William Cochran. The young family settled in Shelbyville, Illinois, where William became one of the leaders of the local branch of the Democratic Party (he was even predicted to be governor of the state).

Josephine ran the household and played the role of socialite, helping to organize soirees where guests were usually served food on antique family china. Over time, chips appeared on the porcelain - the servants did not wash the dishes too carefully. The owner had to take care of the matter herself. How she hated him! And then Josephine decided to invent a dishwashing machine.

Manual dishwasher, 1850

Sometime in the early 1880s, while drinking tea, she remembered how strong the pressure of a water jet can be. Literally half an hour later, the idea formed in her head to wash the dishes in a metal mesh basket with a powerful jet of soapy water (modern dishwashers use exactly this principle). Her friends and husband supported her idea, but William died in 1883. Left alone, Josephine spent days on end in the barn behind the house, attaching metal parts to a copper boiler. She hired Illinois Railroad mechanic George Butters to help.

The first model looked like a miniature sawmill, but still it was a real miracle. One of the local businessmen gave the inventor advice: "Try to offer this machine to large hotels. They need a lot of clean dishes, and they can save on dishwashers."

Dishwasher, 1917

On December 28, 1886, Josephine received a patent for her invention and went to Chicago, where she sold a pair of Garis-Cochran cars to two large hotels: Palmer House and Sherman House. Cars (and hotels) immediately became famous, people went to look at them like they were museum pieces. But the real triumph for the young company was in 1893, when nine Garis-Cochran machines almost continuously washed dishes for numerous visitors to the Chicago World's Fair. The car received the prize "For optimal design and reliability" and aroused particular interest among the female audience of the exhibition.

Since 1898, cars began to be mass-produced - restaurants and hotels were willing to buy an industrial model (it paid off in a few months), the demand for a household one, priced at $ 350, was lower. Household machines gained popularity after the death of Josephine (she died in 1913), in the 1940s, when Garis-Cochran, as a result of a series of mergers and renamings, became part of KitchenAid (now part of Whirlpool Corporation).

Author: S.Apresov

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