Why is it colder in the mountains than in the lowlands, although they are closer to the sun? Detailed answer

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Why is it colder in the mountains than in the lowlands, although they are closer to the sun? Detailed answer

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Why is it colder in the mountains than in the lowlands, although they are closer to the sun?

The sun heats the earth's air indirectly. Its radiation passes through the layers of the atmosphere and is absorbed by land and water on the surface of the planet, and only then the air receives thermal energy from them. Therefore, although the mountains are closer to the sun, they are colder than on the plains, since on average, for each kilometer of elevation, the temperature decreases by 6 ° C due to the adiabatic expansion of air. But even at the highest altitudes, valleys can be found, which, due to the special relief and the reflection of the sun's rays from the snow, can heat up well. For example, in the so-called Western Circus, which is located on one of the routes to the peak of Everest at an altitude of more than 6 meters, on sunny, calm days, the temperature can rise to 000 ° C.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How did penguins help whalers in the Falkland Islands?

Europeans began to actively colonize the Falklands in the 18th and 19th centuries, and many of the settlers were engaged in whaling. Heating whale oil and making blubber requires a large amount of fuel, which in those days was usually wood, but there are very few trees in the Falklands. Whalers solved this problem with the help of penguins living here - it turned out that they burn very well due to the presence of a thick layer of subcutaneous fat, and it was not difficult to catch them.

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