Who discovered x-rays? Detailed answer

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Who discovered x-rays? Detailed answer

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Who discovered x-rays?

Did you know that the history of X-rays began over 100 years ago? In the middle of the XNUMXth century, a man named Heinrich Geisler discovered that when a high-voltage electric charge was passed through a vacuum in a tube, a beautiful light effect was produced. Sir William Crookes later proved that electrified particles were the cause of the light effect.

Heinrich Hertz further showed that these rays could pass through thin plates of gold and platinum. His student Lenard made "windows" out of these substances so that the rays could escape from the tube into the open air. Here we come to the real discovery of X-rays.

In 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen experimented with one of these tubes, but without the "windows". He suddenly noticed that some nearby crystals glowed brightly. Since Roentgen knew that the rays discovered earlier (called cathode rays) could not penetrate glass to produce this effect, he suggested that it must be a new kind of rays. These invisible rays, which were so different from other rays and from light, could not be explained, so he called them X-rays, that is, rays of unknown origin.

Scientists later named them X-rays. X-rays are received in an x-ray tube. Most of the air is pumped out. Two electrodes are fixed in it, and the electrons move from one (cathode) to the other (anode). A small shield made of tungsten suddenly stops their flow. Most of the energy of these electrons is converted into heat, but some of them emit X-rays.

X-rays can pass through objects because they have very short wavelengths. The shorter the wavelength, the stronger their penetrating power.

Author: Likum A.

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