When did the first collision of space satellites occur? Detailed answer

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When did the first collision of space satellites occur? Detailed answer

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When did the first collision of space satellites occur?

In 2009, the first ever spacecraft collision took place. The long-decommissioned Russian military satellite Kosmos-2251 did not share its orbit with the active American satellite Iridium-33. A lot of debris from the collision theoretically threatens other satellites and even the ISS, which in 2012 was maneuvered to avoid encountering one of such fragments.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How far is the nearest star from us?

From the star Proxima in the constellation Centaurus, light flies to us for 4,22 years. True, you cannot see it with the naked eye, it is too weak. But next to it is the bright Alpha Centauri, which is 4,38 light years away.

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Highly sensitive camera will search for extraterrestrial life and dark matter 21.11.2019

Researchers from the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have created the most highly sensitive camera to date, the pixels of which are sensors that can capture single photons of light. This camera has more than a thousand pixels on its sensor and is designed to be installed on next-generation space telescopes, where it will be used to search for chemical signs of life on other planets, searches for the elusive dark matter, which accounts for most of the entire matter of the Universe.

Each pixel of the nova is a tungsten-silicon nanowire, 3.5 millimeters long, 180 nanometers wide, and 3 nanometers thick. These nanowires are placed on a silicon substrate and connected to the "outside world" by wire connections made of superconducting niobium. This pixel arrangement of the camera provides the best speed, efficiency and color range available today. Such sensors have already been used by NIST specialists in the past to study the phenomenon of quantum entanglement, which Albert Einstein called "ghost action at a distance."

In addition, a new type of photosensitive sensors has a very low level of intrinsic noise, which eliminates the possibility of false positives and data distortion. This feature is extremely important for dark matter searches and space astronomy, where it is necessary to capture single photons with the lowest energy, photons located at the farthest end of the infrared range.

The NIST camera is small in size, its crystal is a square with a side of 1,6 millimeters, on which 1024 sensors are placed in the form of a matrix of 32 by 32 pixels. With such a dense arrangement of pixels, NIST researchers first encountered the problem of overheating of the camera crystal, but later, by expanding the electrical conductors of the information reading circuits, this problem was successfully solved.

Now researchers have already achieved that 99,5% of fully functional sensors are obtained at the output of the production technological line. The next steps that scientists intend to take will be to increase the efficiency of pixel sensors in order to increase their sensitivity in the boundary ranges. And only after that, the researchers plan to start creating large versions of cameras, the number of pixels in which will be in the millions.

The parameters of the new camera were measured at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and at the California Institute of Technology. After all, only there is all the electronics necessary for such measurements, which is now used to develop and implement optical communication systems in deep space.

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