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Flipping the deck. Focus Secret

Spectacular tricks and their clues

Directory / Spectacular tricks and their clues

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Quite often in magic tricks you need to deal a number of cards from one end of the deck, and then continue dealing from the other end.

Focus Flip deck

To do this, you need to place the top and bottom of the deck right sides together. This can be done using a volt.

In the proposed version, with any rotation of the deck, the viewer sees only the back of the deck. We take the deck in our left hand, but do not use our thumb for this. We place it from below and lift the deck up a little with our fingernail. When the deck makes a semicircle around its long side, the bottom of the deck will be at the top.

This movement is quite noticeable with a stationary hand, and if you simultaneously describe a semicircle with your hand from left to right, then the movement of the deck is almost imperceptible.

Author: Louis Hoffmann

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Artificial diamond obtained at room temperature 23.11.2020

The new technology makes it possible to synthesize artificial diamonds without strong heating and obtain even the rarest lonsdaleite with especially strong crystals.

Under natural conditions, diamonds are formed deep in the bowels of the Earth. Its formation takes a long time, requires high pressure and heating above 1000 °C. It is possible to obtain synthetic diamonds faster, although the process still takes place at enormous pressures and temperatures. Scientists have learned to do without heating only now, having developed the synthesis of diamonds at ordinary room temperature.

Carbon atoms can form a variety of structures - from flat and black graphene to ultra-strong and transparent diamond. However, diamonds are also different: the particles in its crystals can be combined not only into a "classical" cubic, but also into a hexagonal crystal lattice, forming a special form of diamond - lonsdaleite. It is even more hard than cubic, but it is much less common in nature. Yes, and in the laboratory it is more difficult to obtain it.

However, an international team of scientists led by Australian National University professor Jody Bradby managed to synthesize both cubic and hexagonal diamonds without the use of high temperatures. As a rule, for this they try to artificially recreate the conditions of the earth's interior with their heat and enormous pressure. However, this time, physicists turned to another natural mechanism for the formation of diamonds - meteorite.

These crystals can indeed appear from carbon as a result of powerful impacts of celestial bodies, not only on Earth, but also in space. It is assumed that the temperature is not as important as the shear force, due to which different layers of the material experience a force directed in different directions. Imagine a strong push into a table with loose legs: the tabletop moves in one direction, the legs move in the opposite direction.

Therefore, the authors designed a setup that made it possible to act on a graphite sample with a powerful shear force and, at the same time, enormous pressure. After examining the sample under an electron microscope, they found diamond crystals. Cubic crystals formed the thinnest "capillary" between the layers of lonsdaleite. The process took only a few minutes, and the scientists hope that it can be finalized for industrial applications and mass synthesis of this incredibly durable material.

It is even possible that by further increasing the shear force, it will be possible to reduce the pressure required for the formation of crystals. So far, this requires about 80 GPa - as the authors note, "a pressure comparable to the weight of 640 African elephants balancing on the toe of a ballet pointe shoe."

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