When was it fashionable in zoos to show blacks along with animals? Detailed answer

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When was it fashionable in zoos to show blacks along with animals? Detailed answer

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When was it fashionable in zoos to show blacks along with animals?

In the second half of the 19th century, the rapid development of zoos began in Europe and North America. In addition to animals, zoo owners willingly placed people in enclosures - usually in the form of entire villages of "primitive" blacks, Eskimos, and Indians. Often, individual Negroes were placed in a pavilion with monkeys, presenting them as a transitional link from animals to a civilized white man. As the 20th century progressed, such exhibitions became less and less, but even in 1958, a Congolese village was presented at the World Exhibition in Brussels. Ethnic settlements in zoos can be seen in our time, for example, in 2005 in London, but now people settle in them on a regular labor or voluntary basis.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Are the continents moving?

The theory that the continents move was first put forward by the German scientist Alfred Wegener in 1912. He drew attention to the fact that coal occurs throughout the Northern Hemisphere, although coal is obtained from plants growing in tropical forests. In addition, he noticed that the west coast of Africa and the east coast of South America fit together in such a way that it seems that they were simply torn apart. Wegener decided that all the continents were first united into one big continent. Then they dispersed and took up their current position.

Most geologists disagreed with him because no one imagined that continents could move. Then scientists began to think how this could happen. One hypothesis suggests that the heat in the interior of the Earth creates countercurrents that force the continents to move. Now scientists believe that the ocean floor is moving under the influence of the displacement of the mantle of the earth's crust.

There is no consensus on this. Some scientific geologists agree with the above theory. Scientists involved in underwater geology are also inclined to accept it. If all geologists accepted the theory that the continents have moved and are still moving, there would be a revolution in our understanding of the earth's surface. Scientists would finally answer questions about our climate, about the evolution of animals and plants, about the origin of mountains and other phenomena.

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Gadget for posture correction 28.11.2023

Engineers from Japan have created an innovative wearable device for balance training, which is a kind of “pneumatic braces”. The development is being carried out by scientists from Tokyo University of Science with the aim of helping older people maintain correct posture and improve balance, reducing the risk of falls and related injuries.

A new wearable device presented by Japanese engineers holds promise for effective balance training, which could be very useful for maintaining physical activity and reducing the risk of injury, especially among the elderly population.

The wearable device uses two pneumatic artificial muscles to create unexpected disturbances. These muscles, similar to braces, can be adjusted by stretching or contracting, changing the air pressure inside. A special program developed by the researchers controls the valves associated with the compressed gas cylinder, creating a force directed towards the user.

To test the effectiveness of the device, testing was carried out on 18 healthy men. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. Both groups were assessed for balance before starting the experiment. Participants in the experimental group then exercised using the device, while the control group performed exercises without using it. After training, the balance ability assessment was repeated.

The measurement results showed that participants in the experimental group after training were better able to maintain balance when exposed to external factors. This result is important given that maintaining balance becomes difficult with age due to various factors such as muscle weakness, changes in vision and sensory input.

Researchers believe that wearable device use and exercise training can effectively prevent falls and fall-related injuries in older adults. In addition, the device can be useful for training athletes and rehabilitation after injuries.

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