What mammals have a social organization like an ant's? Detailed answer

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What mammals have a social organization like an ant's? Detailed answer

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What mammals have a social organization like an ant's?

It is known that some insects - ants, bees, wasps, termites - are characterized by eusociality, that is, the social organization of life in colonies where there is a division of labor, including reproductive. However, there are also eusocial mammals - the Damaran mole rat and the naked mole rat, whose underground colonies with tunnels have much in common with anthills. They have a uterus, which is fertilized by 2 - 3 fertile males, the rest of the individuals, although they can physically, do not participate in reproduction and are divided into castes of workers and soldiers.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

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What science is often called the science of sophomores and white rats?

Psychology is sometimes called "the science of sophomores and white rats" because many experiments are done on these two categories. Most research psychologists work in universities, so it is easiest for them to attract students for research.

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Random news from the Archive

Heart beats to conception 02.06.2017

The menstrual cycle is associated with the periodic maturation of eggs in the ovaries: the egg matures in a special structure of the ovary called the follicle, then it leaves the ovary and moves towards the uterus - ovulation occurs, and it is at this moment that the reproductive system is especially ready for conception.

At the same time, the level of hormones that control reproduction (estrogen, progesterone, etc.) changes in the body: some of them are synthesized in the brain, some in the reproductive system itself; and it would be strange to believe that they do not affect anything other than the reproductive system.

For example, not so long ago we wrote that regular fluctuations in estrogen in the body of women are accompanied by changes in the brain, namely, in the hippocampus, one of the main centers of memory. Some experts believe that women's sexual preferences also change depending on the stage of the menstrual cycle, although according to other sources there is no connection. And here is another example of how the female body reacts to the hormonal cycle. Employees at the Zurich University Hospital, along with colleagues from the biomedical company Ava AG, report that the female heart beats faster during ovulation.

In fact, similar studies have been done before, and the conclusions from them were the same - that the heart rate rises at the time most favorable for conception. However, women in such cases were usually observed in clinical laboratories and not for very long, and only during one menstrual cycle; moreover, the observations were limited only to the daytime, when the heart generally beats very differently.

The authors of the new work tried to avoid all these disadvantages by using bracelets with medical sensors that track heart rate. The experiment involved about a hundred women aged 22 to 42 who never got pregnant; they all wore the bracelet every night before bed for three menstrual cycles. They also had urinalysis done so that they could accurately assess what stage of their cycle they were in.

It turned out that the heart rate at rest in the five days before ovulation increases by 2,1 beats per minute. The rhythm continued to grow even after ovulation, at the stage of the corpus luteum (this is the name given to the gland into which the part of the ovary turns after the egg leaves it), increasing eventually by three and a half beats per minute.

Then, during menstruation, the heart rate became less frequent. Of course, the work of the heart changes under the influence of many reasons, up to whether you ate a heavy meal before bedtime and whether you did any physical exercises, but the researchers assure that they took into account all such factors and that an increase in the rhythm by 2,1-3,5, XNUMX strokes - quite reliable "ovulatory" increase.

Perhaps with the help of sensors that record the work of the heart, women will be able to better determine the time to conceive (or more accurately protect themselves). However, more research is still needed here with a large number of volunteers to finally make sure that such a relationship between heart rate and the phases of the menstrual cycle really takes place.

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