Which country protested the Indonesian flag? Detailed answer

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Which country protested the Indonesian flag? Detailed answer

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Which country protested the Indonesian flag?

When Indonesia declared independence in 1945 and adopted the red and white flag, the Principality of Monaco, which has the same flag, filed an official protest. However, the protest was rejected on the grounds that the Indonesian flag is even older in origin than the flag of Monaco.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How do antibiotics work?

Antibiotics are chemicals. Once in the body, they kill or stop the growth of certain microbes, helping the body fight disease. The name "antibiotics" has been used in relation to these drugs since 1942. The word is derived from two Greek words meaning "against life." Antibiotics work against life forms we call germs and bacteria. Many antibiotics are made from microbes.

Microbes are small living organisms. For example, bacteria and molds are also microbes. The microbes used to make antibiotics are chosen for their ability to produce chemicals that can "wage war" against disease-causing microbes. In other words, man takes advantage of the struggle that takes place between microbes in nature. Microbes are constantly fighting for survival. In the process of this struggle, they produce rather complex chemical compounds. Investigating microbes, scientists found in them substances that can destroy pathogenic bacteria. If such chemicals are produced in the laboratory, and in large quantities, they can be used as raw materials for the manufacture of antibiotics.

How do antibiotics treat diseases? How do they get to the right part of the body where they need to work? How do antibiotics stop the growth of certain microbes? It may sound rather strange, but scientists have not yet come to an unambiguous answer to these questions. Some scientists believe that antibiotics block the access of oxygen to pathogenic bacteria. Without oxygen, they cannot reproduce.

Others believe that antibiotics prevent bacteria from getting nutrients from the patient's body, and they die of starvation. Still others believe that pathogenic bacteria confuse their usual food with antibiotics, "eat" them and "poison". Probably antibiotics work in different ways.

The same antibiotic can act differently on different bacteria. On one occasion, he kills them. In the other, it only weakens them and enables the natural protective resources of the body to fight the disease themselves.

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Random news from the Archive

Data transfer speed will double 09.11.2013

American engineers have learned to receive and transmit data on the same radio frequency - to do what seemed impossible for the last 100 years. The introduction of technology will help to double the speed of data transmission over wireless networks.

Startup Kumu Networks, created in 2012 by Stanford University employees (with an investment of $ 10 million), claims to solve a long-standing problem that it is impossible to send and receive data on the same radio frequency at the same time.

Receiving and transmitting data on the same frequency has a number of advantages, and one of the most important is more efficient use of the frequency spectrum. A breakthrough could double the speed of data transfer over wireless networks, writes Technology Review.

To solve the problem, engineers had to eliminate an effect known as "self-interference". During operation, the radio system sends and receives radio signals, while the power of the sent signals is billions of times greater than the power of the signals it receives. Any attempt at reception is hampered by the fact that the receiver also creates an outgoing signal, causing interference (superposition of radio waves). For this reason, most radio systems - including smartphones, cell phone base stations and Wi-Fi routers that serve them - send information on one frequency and receive on another, or use the same frequency, switching back and forth quickly from transmit to receive.

To eliminate self-interference, engineers from Kumu Networks built an electronic circuit that pre-calculates the amount of interference that the transmitter will create in the next instant and generates a compensation signal to eliminate the interference. The circuit generates a compensating signal during the transmission of each packet of information, which makes it possible to use it in mobile devices in which the elimination of interference is complicated by the fact that devices move in space (due to which the waves are constantly reflected from different objects).

"For the past 100 years, it seemed impossible," commented Sachin Katti, senior lecturer in electrical and computer science at Stanford University and co-founder and CEO of Kumu Networks.

Previously, the compensation method was used by other companies, including Comtech, in order to increase the capacity of satellite communication channels. However, until Kumu Networks, no one has demonstrated the applicability of the method in networks such as LTE and Wi-Fi, in which it is necessary to compensate for signals with five orders of magnitude higher power. That's what the Stanford startup did.

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