What is an exchange? Detailed answer

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What is an exchange? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

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What is an exchange?

The exchange is a regular wholesale market for goods sold by design (commodity exchange), securities (stock exchange), foreign exchange (currency exchange) and labor (labor exchange). But usually only the stock and currency exchanges are understood by this word.

The world's first stock exchange was opened in 1409 in the Dutch city of Bruges. The name supposedly comes from the Van der Burze trading dynasty. The first shares in the modern sense of the word were the securities of the Dutch East India Company, which were sold and bought in 1602 on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which plane is the fastest?

Currently, the American Lockheed SR-71A reconnaissance aircraft remains the fastest aircraft, although it is far from new. On July 28, 1976, it managed to develop a record speed - 3529 kilometers per hour. At such high speeds, the aircraft heats up to 400 °C. Pilots cannot fly it without a special space suit.

The same aircraft was used for the fastest flight across the Atlantic. The Lockheed SR-5570A covered a distance of 71 kilometers from New York to London in just 1 hour and 54 minutes. The unofficial English name for this aircraft means "Blackbird". The fastest aircraft in the world received this nickname for its dark color.

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Global warming has shifted the earth's axis 29.04.2021

Research by the Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research has shown that the massive melting of glaciers as a result of global warming has provoked noticeable shifts in the Earth's axis of rotation. This process began around the 1990s. The problem of climate change, which has been provoked by human activity, clearly demonstrates the destructive impact of people on the planet.

The geographic north and south poles of a planet are the points where its axis of rotation intersects the surface, but they are not fixed. Changes in the distribution of the Earth's mass cause the axis, and hence the poles, to move.

In the past, only natural factors such as ocean currents, for example, have contributed to the repositioning of the poles. But new research shows that since the 1990s, the loss of hundreds of billions of tons of ice a year as a result of the climate crisis has sent the poles moving in new directions.

Scientists have found that the direction of the movement of the poles shifted from south to east in 1995, and the average speed of movement from 1995 to 2020 was 17 times higher than from 1981 to 1995. Since 1980, the position of the poles has shifted by about 4 meters.

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The scale of this influence means that it is necessary to declare a new geological epoch - the Anthropocene, scientists say. Since the middle of the 20th century, there has been a marked acceleration in carbon dioxide emissions and sea level rise, the destruction of wildlife, and the transformation of land through farming, deforestation, and construction.

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