What is a tax return? Detailed answer

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What is a tax return? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

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What is a tax return?

This is an official statement of the taxpayer about the income received by him for a certain period and the tax rebates and benefits that apply to them.

Author: Mendeleev V.A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is real estate?

You may have a chair, a car, household equipment, and other possessions. Any of these things can be stolen, lost or broken. If you go to court to get the property back, you will be compensated for the lost or broken items. But if you were a landowner and for some reason the land was taken from you, then the judges can return the land itself to you.

In other words, land was immovable property, or real property, as opposed to movable property. In the old days, on the basis of this distinction in England, the existence of two types of property was legalized - real estate (or real estate, as we say now) and movable property. In the old days, land (real estate) was considered the greatest value. Today, there are things that are considered by people as more valuable than real estate. For example, part of the shares of a company, the right to use patents for the production of consumer goods or means of production.

In the era of feudalism, when laws were formed, not only land, but everything on it was considered real estate. For example, trees, buildings and everything related to them. The same interpretation of real estate exists today. For example, a table lamp is not an integral part of the building and can therefore be sold separately. If you fixed the lamp on the wall, it becomes a permanent part of the real estate and can only be sold together with the creation.

If a transaction for the sale of real estate to another person is carried out, then this action must be officially registered by the state land commission. Otherwise, this transaction is considered illegal. To this end, the person buying the land must carefully examine the title deeds. It must make sure that everything is in order, that is, no one else claims to buy this land and has no right to own it.

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Aquantia AQtion network cards for 2,5/5G networks 17.05.2017

A network infrastructure capable of supporting a speed of 10 Gb / s has not surprised anyone in server solutions for a long time - today such speeds are no longer the limit, and in the near future they promise to become the entry level. But in domestic conditions, building such a network is still quite expensive for most enthusiasts and small businesses. NICs themselves are relatively inexpensive, with the bulk of the expense being the switch, new cables, and other devices such as SFP+ transceivers. Aquantia approached the problem from the other side: not everyone needs 10 Gb / s, because even sufficiently productive consumer-class storage systems do not saturate such a network, which means that you can get by with lower speeds - 2,5 or 5 Gb / s.

To build such a network, you can use the existing cable infrastructure based on twisted-pair cables of category CAT5e. Aquantia has a suitable controller in its arsenal, the AQC108 chip, which has already been used in motherboards such as the ASRock Z270 SuperCarrier and the ASRock X370 Gaming. New models of network cards, AQN-108 and AQN-108, use the corresponding chips; AQC107 differs from the model with a higher numerical index by the presence of support for the 10GBASE-T standard.

The chips are highly integrated solutions and they practically do not need additional wiring, which is clearly seen in the pictures of the new network cards. The boards also differ in the use of PCIe x1 and PCIe x4 interfaces and in prices of $99 and $127, respectively. In both cases, we are talking about the presence of a single RJ45 port.

Prices look affordable, but keep in mind that for connections other than point-to-point, you need a switch that supports 2,5GBASE-T or 5GBASE-T, and in the case of AQN-107 and 10GBASE-T, otherwise the potential new cards will be limited to 1 Gbps. Aquantia controllers are quite advanced and support MSI, MSI-X, LSO, RSS functions, they are also equipped with IPv4/IPv6 hardware offloading facilities. The frame size can be up to 16 KB, and remote boot via UEFI or PXE is available. The novelties are universal and can work both with PCIe 3.0 slots and with lower speed options, up to PCI Express 2.0 x1 - with appropriate speed limits.

The developers have not forgotten about software support and Aquantia network adapters are compatible with Windows 10/8.1/7 (the driver will also be available through the official Microsoft update system), as well as with various versions of Linux. In the latter case, a kernel version of at least 3.1 is required.

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