Who was the first Prime Minister of Britain? Detailed answer

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Who was the first Prime Minister of Britain? Detailed answer

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Who was the first Prime Minister of Britain?

a) Sir Robert Walpole.
b) William Pitt (senior).
c) The Duke of Wellington.
d) Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman.

Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman.

The term "prime minister" was first officially used only in 1905 - literally five days after Campbell-Bannerman took office. Until then, the word was considered an insult.

Sir Robert Walpole (1676-1745), who is generally recognized as the first de facto prime minister, never used the term: he and his successors were "First Lords of the Treasury". Campbell-Bannerman also belonged to them - until December 10, 1905, when the position of prime minister was indicated in the royal certificate, indicating the order of precedence of senior dignitaries. In the list of precedence, the Prime Minister came immediately after the Archbishop of York.

Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1836-1908) - born Henry Campbell. "Bannerman" was added to his surname in 1871 as part of the inheritance of his uncle's property. After the resignation of Arthur Balfour in 1905, Campbell-Bannerman became the first official prime minister. His unusually strong cabinet at that time included two future prime ministers of the country (Esquith and Lloyd George); he also led the Liberals to a landslide victory in the 1906 general election.

A radical rather than a liberal, Campbell-Bannerman supported the suffragette movement and Irish devolution; introduced a pension system; condemned the "barbaric" methods of the British in the conduct of the Anglo-Boer War; prepared autonomy for most of South Africa; and in 1906 he pushed through the Industrial Conflicts Act, which gave trade unions considerable freedom to organize strikes.

In 1907, a year after the election, the prime minister had a heart attack, and in 1908 he had a second one, after which Campbell-Banner-man resigned in favor of Esquith. He died two weeks later at No. 10 Downing Street.

His last words were: "This is not the end of me."

Author: John Lloyd, John Mitchinson

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