What is a dam? Detailed answer

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What is a dam? Detailed answer

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What is a dam?

A dam is a barrier that holds back or controls the flow of water. The dam creates reservoirs where water is stored and then used as needed. Dams help people conserve and use water and land resources. A dam built in the right place helps to prevent floods.

The water accumulated behind the dams is a source of water for domestic needs and drinking. Dams supply water to fields for irrigation. Many of them have built power plants, where the force of falling water drives turbines that make generators rotate.

There are several types of modern dams. Strong solid reinforced concrete dams are designed in such a way that reinforced concrete can withstand water pressure. They are called gravitational because they depend on the gravity of the Earth, which holds the reinforced concrete firmly in place.

Hollow reinforced concrete dams reinforced with steel. They use less reinforced concrete than solid dams, so they are cheaper. Earthen dams are created from mounds of earth and stone. There are also dams and embankments that control river banks and prevent flooding.

Weir is very important for almost every dam. This is a tunnel through which water gradually leaves the reservoir. The weir is used to control the level of water in the reservoir, otherwise it will overflow unpredictably and the water will overflow the banks.

Dams have been installed on rivers around the world for thousands of years. The oldest dam is Egyptian. She is about 4500 thousand years old.

Author: Likum A.

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