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Smart people think slower

26.05.2023

Do smart people think faster? According to the results of a study by a group of scientists from Germany and Spain, not always, and in the case of solving complex problems, some advantages go to people with a less developed intellect.

The adult human brain consists of billions of neurons connected by numerous connections. These complex and sometimes intricate networks are both the key to the amazing possibilities of the brain and the main difficulties in the way of studying it.

Since it is difficult to work with the brain of a living person, researchers are increasingly turning to computer simulations using digital brain scans, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as mathematical models based on theoretical knowledge about biological processes.

At first, this allows you to build a "general" model of the human brain, but then scientists refine it using data from individual people and create "personalized" brain models.

To study how general intelligence affects the speed of solving various problems, an international team of researchers created 650 "personalized" brain models of participants in the Human Connectome Project. This made it possible to effectively reproduce the activity of each studied brain, analyzing the intellectual characteristics and reaction time of a particular person when solving various problems.

Subsequently, the indicators of these models were compared with the indicators of the participants themselves, who were offered to solve a series of tasks that gradually become more difficult to select gradually more complex elements in the "puzzles".

The researchers found that participants with higher IQ scores were faster on simple tasks, but took longer to complete complex ones. At the same time, parts of their brain were better synchronized with each other, constantly exchanging information and slowing down the final decision.

On the other hand, the brains of people with low IQs literally jumped to conclusions when making difficult decisions, rather than waiting for higher brain areas to complete processing steps, which is why such people made mistakes more often.

According to the findings of the researchers, in general, the indicators of "personalized" models coincided with those of the brain of living people, which proves the effectiveness of computer simulation of the human brain. In the future, such methods can be applied in medicine: for example, using computer simulation, a doctor will be able to evaluate which drugs will be most effective in treating a particular patient and cause the least amount of side effects.

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