How did trade unions appear? Detailed answer

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How did trade unions appear? Detailed answer

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How did trade unions appear?

In ancient Greece and Rome, slaves did all the basic work. For this they were given food and shelter. In the Middle Ages, serfs were obliged to work for their masters, the owners of feudal estates, in return for their protection and patronage. With the development of trade, cities, and not feudal estates, became a place of concentration of workers. Merchants and artisans united in unions, or guilds, for certain types of craft. Craftsmen and apprentices worked at home or in small workshops, but factories were already beginning to appear, where several workers worked together.

By the end of the XNUMXth century, with the beginning of the industrial revolution, great changes were taking place. Various machines appear and are improved, which could produce more goods and faster than individual workers. Factories were built to accommodate machines and machine tools. Small workshops where manual labor was used gradually disappeared. Workers were forced to work for the owners of factories, where they received wages for their work. If the workers had problems, there was no one to intercede for them.

Working conditions in the first English weaving mills were terrible. Therefore, the workers began to organize themselves into unions. They felt that if they acted together, they would have a better chance of getting their problems resolved fairly. At first, trade unions were founded in the cities as clubs for skilled workers. In 1868, the first large labor organization, the Congress of Trade Unions, was formed in Manchester.

The first trade union in the United States was formed in 1792 by eight Philadelphia shoemakers. But it lasted less than a year. In the early years of the 1828th century, citywide professional associations began to emerge, the first being the Mechanics' Union, founded in Philadelphia in 1866. The first national labor federation of trade unions was organized in XNUMX.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which European prince drives a car fueled with recycled wine?

The heir to the British throne, Prince Charles, switched his entire fleet to biodiesel in 2008. Now almost all of his cars run on fuel made from recycled cooking oil after it has been used. Another car, a 1970 Aston Martin given to him by the Queen for his 21st birthday, runs on biofuel from wine. However, it is difficult to reproach Prince Charles for extravagance: only wine produced by English winemakers in excess of the limit set by the European Union is taken for processing.

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